• 암석학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.237-253
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• 2009

제주도 북동부 지역에서 만장굴 용암동굴을 형성한 용암은, 그 용암의 공급지가 거문오름 분석구로 추정되었지만, 그 공급지에 대한 자세한 연구가 없기 때문에 이에 대한 이견이 좁혀지지 않고 있다. 우리는 현생 화산지역에서 형성되고 있는 세계 도처의 용암동굴에 관한 연구결과를 토대로, 만장굴 용암동굴을 형성한 용암이 어디에서 공급되었는지를 유추해 보았다. 제주도 북동부 지역에서 암상, 형상과 고도를 바탕으로 용암류역도를 작성하고, 각 용암류역에 나타나는 용암동굴의 분포와 상호 연관성을 검토하였다. 그 결과 거문오름 용암동굴계는 거문오름 용암류역 내에서 주간동굴선, 복합동굴망과 단일동굴선으로 구분된다. 주간동굴선은 웃산전굴, 북오름굴, 대림동굴, 만장굴, 김녕굴, 용천동굴로 연결되며, 여기에 벵뒤굴 복합동굴망이 있고 김녕빌레못굴~게웃샘굴로 연결되는 단일동굴선이 있다. 또한 거문오름 분석구에서 북북동 방향으로 발달되는 약 2km 협곡은 기존 용암동굴의 붕괴도랑으로 해석되며 그 위치와 방향성에 의하면 거문오름 용암동굴계의 주판동굴선 상류 일부분임을 지시한다. 따라서 용암류역도, 용암동굴 분포, 붕괴도랑 방향성 등을 고려할 때, 만장굴 용암동굴을 형성한 용암류는 거문오름 분석구에서 공급된 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.531-537
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• 2000

과일의 방사선 조사 여부를 DNA comet assay로 확인하였다. 포도, 자두, 딸기, 복숭아, 사과, 천도복숭아를 구입하여 1.0kGy이하의 저선량으로 조사하고 비조사 시료와 조사시료간의 DNA 손상청도를 육안 검사 및 측정된 comet tail length로 비교하였다. 모든 시료에서 비조사 시료보다 조사시료의 tail length가 더 길었으며 포도와 자두는 $0{\sim}0.5kGy$에서 뚜렷한 증가가 관찰되었다. 특히 자두의 비조사 시료는 포도, 딸기, 복숭아, 사과, 그리고 천도복숭아의 비조사 시료에 비해서 손상된 세포의 comet 모양의 핵이 많이 관찰되기는 하였으나 항상 비손상된 세포의 원형모양의 핵이 동반되었으며 조사된 시료에서는 모두 전반적으로 comet모양의 핵이 관찰되어 비조사 시료와 조사시료 간에 comet 양상을 비교할 수 있었다. Comet 분석을 이용한 과일의 방사선 조사 유무의 확인은 비조사 시료와 조사시료의 tail length의 측정 및 육안 검사 그리고 통계분석으로 확인이 가능하였다. 한편, 이미지 분석기와 같은 정밀한 시스템이 동반되면 저선량으로 조사된 시료들간의 comet 양상을 정확하게 확인하는 것이 가능하다고 생각된다. 따라서 식품의 'DNA comet assay'는 시료의 저장상태 및 화학적 물리적 충격에 대한 몇가지 제한점을 가지고 있지만 간단하고 신속하게 검지할 수 있으므로 다양한 식품의 방사선 조사 유무를 확인하는데 유용하게 활용될 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제35권8호
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• pp.720-725
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• 2007

분사기형 배플이 설치된 연소기에 대하여 최적의 감쇠를 가지는 간극을 상온음향시험을 통하여 규명하였다. 먼저 상온 상압의 조건에서 배플의 간극에 따른 음향학적 특성을 파악하였다. 최적의 감쇠능력을 가지는 간극이 배플의 길이에 상관없이 일정하게 존재함을 발견하였다. 이런 현상의 주된 인자를 파악하기 위하여 연소 상황에서의 유체의 점성을 모사하는 상온 상태의 음향시험을 수행하였다. 이를 통하여 최적의 간극이 발생하는 이유가 점성 때문임을 밝혔다. 최적의 간극은 실제 연소기에서 배플의 길이를 감소시킬 수 있으므로 냉각 문제를 해결할 수 있는 하나의 방안으로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국항해학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.27-44
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• 1977

The Maneuvering Indices of a ship are the values that decide the quantity of her motion in turning when her rudder is turned over to an angle to the starboard or the port. They consist of two kinds of indices, one of which is called index K and the other, index T. Index K decides a ship's turning ability and index T does the length of time delay of a normal turning motion after her rudder has finished the turn of an ordered angle. Generally, the values of the indices are calculated through some mathematic formulas with figures of her heading degrees recorded at a fixed time intervals during her Z test. The values of the same kind index of a ship appear differently according to the ship'sspeed, trim, rudder angle and loaded condition, etc. In this paper, the author analyzed all the amthematic formulas required to calculate the values of the indices in their forming process and examined them from the point of mathematics and dynamics and also actually figured out the values of maneuvering indices of the M.S. "HANBADA", the training ship of Korea Merchant Marine College through her Z test. The author supposed a case in which two same typed ships as the "HANBADA" in size, shape and conditions were approaching each other in meeting end on situation and each ship turned her rudder hard over to the starboard respectively when they approached to the distance of 3 times as long as the ship's length. The author worked out mathematic formulas calculating forward and transverse ship's motions within the above mentioned situation for the quantative analysis of the collision avoding action to certify whether they are in collision status or not. Applying the calculated values of the maneuvering indices of the "HANBADA" to the motion calculating formulas, the author found out the two ships were passing over each other with the clearing distance o 39m between their port quarters. With the above mentioned examinations and explanations, the author demonstrated that a ship's motion in any collision avoiding action can be shown with quantities of time and distance within reliable limit.istance within reliable limit.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.169-176
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• 2012

Age and growth of Glyptocephalus stelleri in the East Sea of Korea were determined, from monthly samples of commercial catches, caught by the eastern sea Danish seine fishery in 2007. The annuli of G. stelleri are formed once a year, with the boundary between opaque and translucent zones forming in September. Relationships between total length (TL) and total weight (TW) were $TW=0.002TL^{3.392}$ ($r^2=0.970$) for females and $TW=0.002TL^{3.335}$ ($r^2=0.961$) for males. TLs at annuli formation in otoliths were back-calculated from the otolith-length relationship and were adjusted to von Bertalanffy growth curves to $L_t=39.71(1-{\exp}^{(-0.152(t+1.156))})$ for females and $L_t=32.16(1-{\exp}^{(-0.213(t+0.879))})$ for males. From the age of 3 years, females grew faster than males (P<0.05).

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.168-177
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• 2012

Two stichotrichid ciliates, collected from marine waters in Jeju Island, were identified as Afroamphisiella multinucleata Foissner et al., 2002 and Pseudokahliella marina (Foissner et al., 1982) Berger et al., 1985. They are recorded for the first time in Korea. The descriptions are based on examinations of living as well as protargol-impregnated specimens. These species are characterized as follows. Afroamphisiella multinucleata has a body size in vivo of $70-95{\times}20-35{\mu}m$; elongate rectangular in shape; contractile vacuole located slightly above mid-body. The adoral zone is bipartited into 3 distal and 13-17 proximal membranelles and occupies 28-35% of the body length. The frontal row comprises 1-4 cirri and one buccal cirrus. The amphisiellid median cirral row is composed of 14-21 cirri, 10-19 left marginal cirri, and 21-30 right marginal cirri. Cortical granules are yellowish. 11-20 globular/ellipsoidal macronuclear nodules arrange proximally along the cell margins. Pseudokahliella marina has a body size in vivo of $110-195{\times}40-110{\mu}m$ and broadly elliptical in shape. The adoral zone of the membranelles occupies 50-60% of the body length, and is composed of 41-70 membranelles. A prominent frontal scutum is present. The contractile vacuole is located below the mid-body. There are 11-13 frontoventral rows, including marginal rows. Caudal cirri and transverse cirri are absent. Three invariable non-fragmented bipolar dorsal kineties are present. The left and right marginal rows are composed of 22-35 and 28-40 cirri, respectively. Colourless cortical granules are present. 8-11 spherical/ellipsoidal macronuclear nodules are connected with each other by thread-like tructures, forming an inverted C-shape.

• ALGAE
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2009

The occurrence of Laminarionema elsbetiae (Ectocarpaceae, Phaeophyceae), as epi-endophyte of Rhodymenia pseudopalmata (Rhodymeniales, Rhodophyta), described from Santa Isabel, Rawson, Argentina. L. elsbetiae grows in the host tissues forming epi-endophytic relationship in the epidermal, cortical and medullar layers. Epiphytic thalli of L. elsbetiae were unbranched filaments emerging from hostis surface. Reproductive structures of L. elsbetiae on the host were absent. On the contrary, free cultured individuals formed different reproductive structures. Macrozoosporangia containing a single large motile zoospore originated from vegetative cells, they were conical to cylindrical in shape, 30-50 ${\mu}m$ in length and 18-20 ${\mu}m$ in wide. Uniseriate plurilocular zoosporangia were cylindrical shape, 40 ${\mu}m$ in length and 10-13 ${\mu}m$ in wide. Sexual fusion was not seen. In mixed cultures of L. elsbetiae with R. pseudopalmata fronds, L. elsbetiae infected the host, grew as in natural host and, formed macrosporangia between host subcortical cells. Gametophytes of L. elsbetiae were filaments with diffuse growth, branched with a branch pattern alternate or opposite. Gametangia were plurilocular, uni or biseriate and lateral. When mature they contained 2 to 6 isogametes. The presence L. elsbetiae on R. pseudopalmata could be defined as an epi-endophytic relationship. The percentage of infection of R. pseudopalmata thalli by L. elsbetiae was 34%.A25% of the infected thalli presented a low, non-symptomatic level infection, whereas a 62% and a 13% of them exhibited respectively moderate and high indexes of infection.

• 한국어병학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.99-108
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• 2006

Diseased tiger puffer (Takijugu rubripes) showed anorexia and severe anemia in the gills. In wet mount preparations Heterobothrium sp. with 4 sets of clamps on the opisthohaptor attached to the gill filaments of the diseased fish. From the drum-shaped filter for filtration of the culturing water and the sediment of aquarium held the diseased fish in the laboratory, their eggs forming long strings through connection of the bipolar filaments could be easily collected. The parasites with 4 pairs of clamps on the opisthohaptor were 2.38mm in length and 0.71 mm in width, but had no isthmus which was separated the opisthohapor from the body proper. The parasites could be easily distinguished from Heterobothrium tetrodonis and H. okamotoi in the absence of distinct isthmus, and resembled H. yamagutii described from the gills of Takifugu xanthopterus in Japan. Their eggs were yellowish spindle in shape and 180-200 x 5-6 Iffil in size, which were pointed at both ends. The eggs were linked to adjacent egg shells like a string of beads by the filaments. Onchomiracidia, ciliated larvae spawned from the eggs were 133 Iffil (120-146 Iffil) x 751ffil (68-80 Iffil) in size. The length of the ciliates was 12 Iffil in the anterior part of the larvae and 14 Iffil in the posterior part. Round or leaf-shaped young parasites attached on the secondary gill lamellae. There was a tendency that most of round smaller parasites without an opisthohaptor were found in the middle part of the gill lamellae while leaf-shaped larger ones with a opisthohaptor attached on the distal part of the gill filaments. Each clamp of mature parasites grasped one secondary gill filament which resulted in bending of the filaments and hyperplasia of the epithelium and mucous cells. In the branchial cavity around the pseudobranch, mature parasites grasped the adjacent ones by means of the clamps, and the epithelia of the branchial cavity around the parasites showed severe irregular hyperplasia and erosion with strongly PAS-positive mucous cells.

• 한국생활과학회지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.793-798
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• 2009

Hair cut is one of the best useful technical tool for hair styling. In this study using the rule of the layers of hair design, balanced for visual art, perceptual ability and form created by the principles of analysis and offer hair cuts and hair design of the representation of regions and even hair design as the basis of a student of Hair Beauty and all the people working in the field can create a variety of hair design puts the purpose to establish a basis. The result of this study can be outline as follows: First, the step line and the movement of the relationship between the law of the layers above and below the length of the same layer techniques, the same consists of a vertical cross-section of the overall round shape of the cut same layer is created and the appropriate volume and movement, the movement of low-layer round a little bit more feeling and expression is used when you want. High-layer used to want to move a lot of light and could see that. Second, the layer of the Law and over direction, lifting, section, the line control. weight control and analyzed by principle and the principle of the process of forming the written form was unknown. Third, hair design, the expansion of the expressive power of the law of the layers, and the section of the over direction depends on the presence of line control to express the length of the outline I had to, lifting the weight to adjust form controls, and the expression of Hair Design will be expanding the width. A hair designer, a layer style to create a zone he thought the law of the first layer formative area To further the reach will be a lot of research, leading up formative aspects of this research thesis do not have missing parts, or as a result of the Beauty of Hair Design and the width of a hair design education in the field can perform to help feed the reference materials that will be.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.31-37
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• 1999

1997년 4월부터 6월 사이에 전북 전주시 천잠산에서 외줄면충(Paracolopha morrisoni Baker, 1919)의 충영 형성과 1차 기주식물인 느티나무 잎의 생장과의 관계를 조사하였다. 외줄면충은 느티나무 가지의 3∼4번째 잎에 많이 분포하며, 주로 잎의 하단 엽맥에 충영을 형성하였다. 충영은 4월 20일 경에 형성되기 시작하였으며, 4월 23일에는 길이(2.98 mm)와 폭(2.24 mm)이 비슷하였으나 길이의 생장이 빨라져 5월 12일에는 길이(11.05 mm)와 폭(6.60 mm)이 최대로 생장하였는데 이는 잎의 길이 생장과 매우 밀접한 상관관계를 나타내었다. 충영을 절개하여 외줄면충의 발육상황을 조사한 결과, 간모가 3번 탈피하여 5월 8일에 간모 성충이 100% 나타났으며 제2세대를 체내에 간직하고 있었다. 5월 19일에는 간모 성충의 84.8%가 사망하였다. 제2세대인 이주형은 5월 12일에 약충이 나타나기 시작하였고 5월 하순에 4회 탈피하여 6월 3일에는 유시 성충이 나타났다. 6월 7일에는 충영의 기부가 열려 유시 성충이 탈출하고 그 후 충영은 갈색으로 변하여 쇠퇴하였다. 이상의 충영 형성과정을 볼 때 간모 세대가 충영의 형성과 생장에 관여하며 제2 세대는 충영의 생장과 관계가 없었다.