• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Environment and Ecology Conference
• /
• 2007.04a
• /
• pp.34-36
• /
• 2007

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
• /
• v.28 no.1
• /
• pp.1-7
• /
• 2010

Small wetlands in an upland matrix can support diverse vegetation composition that increase both local and regional species richness. In this study we characterize the full range of wetland vegetation in an upland forest landscape at Dumyeong-ri, Gijang-gun, Busan. This wetland index can be calculated with species data, or with community type data as performed. Classified community types were used to describe vegetation at three wetlands and adjacent areas. The communities contained 28 species of vascular plants and 28 species were identified four plant community types. The Pinus densiflora type was dominated by Pinus densiflora and contained only four species. None of the plots had high proportion of standing water. The Carpinus laxiflora type had high obligate upland species (OU) and facultative upland species (FU). The Rhododendron mucronulatum type grew in over half of the plots included Pinus densiflora and Alnus japonica. Some species bother swampy areas adjacent to site C. The Miscanthus sacchariflorus type consisted of seasonal wetlands. The three sites contained nine species with the strongest indicator species being Miscanthus sinensis var. purpurascens, Miscanthus sinensis, Echinochloa crus-galli, and Sagittaria aginashi. This type had the highest proportions of obligate wetland species. Plant species richness averaged 5.069. Shannon-Weaver index of diversity also varied among the community types (F=22.7, df=4, 115), with the types FU having significantly higher value (2.746) than the others (1.057 for type FW and 1.600 for type OU). Regional plans including all of the diverse types of wetland vegetation in upland forests will contribute substantially to the conservation of plant diversity.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.13 no.6
• /
• pp.63-74
• /
• 2010

In this study, wetlands and forest vegetation surrounding rail, road of DMZ area and Civilian Control Line were studied as follows: Plant communities hierarchical system of forest vegetation classified according to the results of phytosociological methods of Braun-Blanquet (1964) as; Quercus mongolica community, Quercus mongolica-Quercus variabilis community and Quercus acutissima -Quercus mongolica community. Wetland vegetation major communities; Scirpus wichurae community, Scirpus fluviatilis community, Juncus effusus var. decipiens community, Typha orientalis community, Typha angustata community, Juncus alatus community, Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Phragmites communis-Miscanthus sacchariflorus community, Hragmites communis community, Phragmites communis-Alnus japonica community, Alnus japonica community, Phragmites japonica community, Salix koreensis community, Prunus padus community, Alnus japonica community, Zizania latifolia community and Amorpha fruticosa community were surveyed. Coastal sand dune vegetation in a DMZ area and the Civilian Control Line was mainly characterized by; Carex pumila, Elymus mollis, Carex kobomugi, Rosa rugosa, Calystegia soldanella, Lathyrus japonica and Aster hispidus, species that are of typically sand dune vegetation.

• Journal of Wetlands Research
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.13-22
• /
• 2002

Difference of the inset diversity and community structures between the bog Hwaeom-neup and its surrounding forest of Mt. Wonhyo-san located at Yangsan were investigated. Overall 15 orders, 87 families, 204 genera and 233 species were identified. Hydrophilic Harpalidae species were observed in small number at the bog, while the insect species representing hardwood forest were also collected at the bog. Species diversity was relatively higher at the forest (H'=4.80) than at the bog (H'=4.10). The dominant species was Diplous depressus (Gebler) both at bog as well as at forest. Ground-walking Coleoptera as Carabus sternbergi stembergi Roeschke, Damaster jankowskii jankowskii (Oberthur) and D. depressus was spread from forest into bog. Longhorn beetles Leptura arcuata Panzer and Chlorophorus diadema (Motschulsky) being characteristic species of shrub forest were also observed spreading into bog. It was consequently suggested that the bog was in part progressed into dry succession and its boundary was not clearly defined with forest at least upon the structure of insect commnunity.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
• /
• v.27 no.2
• /
• pp.61-65
• /
• 2004

To elucidate the trophic relationships within a subtropical wetland, the profile of fatty acids in producers, consumers and sediments of the mangrove forest and intertidal mudflat was studied. Results indicated a close relationship in fatty acid profiles between the mangrove plants Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina and the sesarmid crab Sesarma bidens, and between the fiddler crab Uca arcuata and diatoms. The fatty acid profile of the mudskippers Boleophthalmus pectinirostris and Periophthalmus cantonensis, however, showed a mixed diet of diatoms, macroalgae, protozoa and crabs. Seasonal changes in fatty acid profiles in mangrove plants, sediments and sesarmid crabs were noted. The implication of using fatty acids as tracer of trophic relationships was discussed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.97-111
• /
• 2022

This study was conducted as restoration work to improve the discharge in forested wetlands where there is a concern of damage and observed changes in the discharge and groundwater level. The monthly changes showed that during the wet season, the amount of discharge decreased after restoration and GWL increased. It showed that during the dry season, the GWL and discharge increased. The increased discharge after restoration seems to be the difference in the number of days with no rainfall duration. The change in discharge for each unit of rainfall showed a tendency to increase the baseflow and decrease the direct discharge after restoration. The recharge ratio of GWL showed a decreasing tendency as rainfall was higher. After restoration, it showed a higher tendency under rainfall with less than 20mm. It has been confirmed that the restoration implemented by the study caused such an effect as the increased baseflow and increased GWL. It would be an effective restoration method to maintain water resources in forested wetlands. In the initial rainfall, it demonstrated a certain level of effect, but it is necessary to develop a restoration technology that can decrease the amount of water discharged after the end of rainfall or during the period of no rainfall to protect and maintain the forested wetlands. Streamflow should be identified by each type of terrain of wetlands and a proper restoration countermeasure should be devised for the site where the discharge frequently occurs.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.24 no.4
• /
• pp.389-401
• /
• 2021

Background and objective: The purpose of this study is to investigate the ecological status of six areas around Geumgang River that used to be farmlands before they were restored as a riverine ecobelt. This study aims to analyze the correlation between the location environment and ecological status of the sites to identify the environmental factors affecting them. Methods: The sites are classified into four types according to restoration: terraced paddy fields, flat paddy fields, artificial wetland, and landscape forest. The survey items were divided into land use status, plant ecology, and animal ecology. Results: In terms of plant ecology, terraced paddy fields showed favorable naturality with the rate of native species above 90% and the naturalization index below 10%. In terms of animal ecology, the total number of species found in these areas was biggest in terraced paddy fields, followed by flat paddy fields, artificial wetland, and landscape forest. Regarding species diversity, terraced paddy fields also showed abundant species with an average of 1.05 to 1.09. The results of the correlation analysis showed that the forest area around the sites had the most significant effect on species diversity. The grassland and open water area showed a positive correlation with the total number of animal species and the number of dragonflies, confirming that the marshy grassland had a positive effect. As the cultivated land and urbanized area around the sites increased, it had a negative effect on the distribution of native species and the number of animal species that appeared, and a positive effect on the naturalization index. Conclusion: It is necessary to establish preemption and restoration plans for sites such as grasslands adjacent to the forest and terraced paddy fields in order to promote resilience of the diverse species returning to the purchased lands.

• Journal of People, Plants, and Environment
• /
• v.23 no.3
• /
• pp.293-304
• /
• 2020

Background and objective: This study was carried out to assess the relationship between the internal and external environments and the ecological items in five sites with a high level of artificial use intensity prior to the establishment of Geumgang River riparian ecological belts. Methods: The sites were classified into forest type, cultivated land type and urbanized type in accordance with their respective locational types. Ecological items including plant ecology such as proportion, naturalization index and urbanization index of native species were analyzed and animal ecology such as the number of species and population of wild birds, amphibians and reptiles, mammals, and butterflies and dragonflies, which are indicator insects, were investigated. In addition, species diversity indices of wild birds, butterflies and dragonflies found in all the subject lands were computed. Results: Among the plant ecological items, the ratio of native species in the forest type was higher than 90%, which was a satisfactory level, while the naturalization and urbanization indices were less than 10%. The number of species in the animal ecological characteristics was reduced in the order of forest type, cultivated land type and urbanized type. As the results of correlation analysis, the internal area of the planted area showed a negative correlation with the total of individuals. The area of grasslands showed a positive correlation with the number of dragonfly species and the total number of individuals, thereby illustrating that wet grasslands have positive effects. The area of surrounding forests, as an external environment, had a negative correlation with the urbanization index (UI) but a positive correlation with the inhabitation of butterflies and the total number of species. Conclusion: The results confirmed the need for more diversified special compositions including planted land, grassland, wetland, bodies of water and waterways within the subject land in the wetland ecological belt along with the need for surrounding forest location and preservation from the perspective of purchase and restoration of land for enhancement of wider biodiversity in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
• /
• v.4 no.2
• /
• pp.11-25
• /
• 2001

A wetland is an ecosystem which is the most useful and highly-energetic transition area. This study has been carried out to classify and identify the various types of wetlands in Korea. The main objective of this study are 1) defining and classifying of wetlands, and 2) identifying the wetlands characteristics, and 3) studying cases on the natural wetlands such as Han river, DMZ(Demillitarized Zone), Upo wetland and Yong(Dragon) wetland. The results as follows： 1) Development of the indices for identifying and classifying wetlands in encompassing in such as Ramsar Conference, US NWI(National Wetlands Inventory), Hydrogeomorphic system. 2) Development on the classifying method on the wetlands in the level of supersystem, system, subsystem, class and subclass. The systems include Palustrine and Riverine, and the subsystems are Seasonal, Permanent(Palustrine) and Impersistent, Lower perennial, Impersistent (Riverine). 3) Finally, we find out Young wetland is Palustrine/Permanent/Slope/Persistent, and Upo wetland consists of various types of wetlands, those are, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Forest Deciduous, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Shrub Deciduous, Palustrine/Permanent/Depression/Persistent, Palustrine /Permanent/Depression/Hydrophytes, and Lacustrine/Permanent/Openwater/Hydrophytes. The taxonomy of this study stems from identifying and classifying wetlands with indices mainly based on hydrologic features and substrates. So, it is needed that consequent studies are to be performed with various viewpoints. And the studying cases were limited because of the restricted entrance into the DMZ, And, we selected only 10 crucial sites in Han river as the subject for wetlands regulation and creation. And, for advanced studies, drawing up inventory and mapping are necessary.

• Journal of Naturopathy
• /
• v.10 no.2
• /
• pp.114-119
• /
• 2021

Background: Many anionic phytoncides exist in the forest. Purpose: This study aimed to measure and investigate the number of negative ions in aerosol composition in Samdasu Forest, Jeju. Methods: We counted the number of negative ions in the aerosol with an anion meter at 17 points in the Samdasu forest area. Results: The average number of negative ions measured at 17 points in the aerosol of the Samdasu forest area was 719.7 ions/cm³, the temperature was 25.2℃, the humidity was 80.9%, the altitude was 503 m, and the wind speed was 0.6 m/sec. When looking at the content of anion number in the air quality in order, the highest place was waterfall-entrance-course R-course B- pine forest- course exit> exit wetland. The highest altitude of the collection point was in the order of pine forest-course R-course exit-waterfall-course B- exit wetland-entrance. The elevation difference in elevation was statistically significant. There was no correlation between altitude and anion content. It could be seen that the air quality fluctuates from time to time. Conclusions: A large amount of anionic phytoncide was contained in the air quality in Samdasu Forest in the over results. Therefore, Samdasu Forest is a helpful area as a place to visiting. The visit to the Jeju region, which has a high content of anionic phytoncide, has provided essential information that it has beneficial conditions for health management.