• 한국습지학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.465-473
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• 2016

본 연구는 국립생태원 캠퍼스 내에서 주요 습지로 자리잡은 국립생태원 건립 전의 논을 자연의 과정에 맡긴 습지, 물길을 내어 자발적 복원을 유도한 습지 그리고 생태적 원리에 바탕을 두고 복원 처리한 저수지, 즉 생태연못을 대상으로 식생의 정착과정을 모니터링하여 복원의 진행정도를 평가하기 위해 수행하였다. 경관변화 분석 결과, 국립생태원의 현존 습지는 주로 이전의 논에 기원하였고, 일부는 주거지와 산림에서 기원한 것으로 나타났다. 식생의 종 조성 변화에서 초기에는 경작식물이나 인간 간섭에 내성을 갖는 식물이 우세한 경향이었으나 복원이 진행됨에 따라 인간 간섭에 의해 제거되었던 식물들과 습지의 생태적 특성에 어울리는 식물들이 늘어나는 경향을 보였다. 종 다양성과 외래종 출현 비율은 둘 다 복원 사업 진행 단계에서 가장 높았고, 복원 후와 복원 전 단계 순으로 이어져 외래종의 침입이 종 다양성에 영향을 미친 것으로 나타났다. 생태연못에서 나타난 변화는 수변 완충용으로 도입한 식생의 성공적인 정착이 두드러져 향후 외부로부터 오는 환경영향을 완충하는데 크게 기여할 수 있을 것으로 판단되었다. 이상의 결과를 종합할 때, 국립생태원에 성립한 습지식생의 변화는 묵논에서 일어나는 전형적인 천이 초기과정의 모습을 보여 성공적인 복원을 이루어내고 있는 것으로 평가되었다. 최소한의 인위적 보조를 가한 생태연못에서도 복원의 과정은 성공적으로 진행되고 있다고 평가할 수 있다. 특히 다양한 생태적 기능을 발휘할 수 있는 완충식생대의 성공적인 정착은 의미있는 복원효과로 평가할 수 있다. 그러나 아직 완충식생대가 빈약한 구역에 대해서는 그 질을 개선하기 위한 적응관리대책이 요구되었다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.57-71
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• 2007

While a concept on biotop or the urgency of its classification systems have been under discussion recently, this study aims to examine outdoor biotop classification systems for environment-friendly community. To this end, the feasibility of creating a biotop in the community and application elements were generated and biotops were classified and categorized. Then, elements that can be applied in consideration of traditional Korean techniques were generated and biotop classification systems and specific components in residential areas were reviewed. As for the result of this study, based on a preliminary draft prepared through literature review, considerations for biotop classification systems were taken into account. Then, based on classification criteria for biotop formats, biotop functions and biotop types, a second-tier classification system was developed. Criteria for biotop formats included surfaces, lines and points while criteria for biotop functions were large cores, small bases, corridors, stepping stones and ecological islands. Criteria for habitat types were divided to include natural forest, developed green areas, lacustrine wetland, palustrine wetland, shrubs, grasslands, linear habitats, vacant plots and practical green areas, which were sub-categorized. As for the biotop classification system, macro-classification divided biotops into three types-space, line and point-based on biotop formats. Meso-classification had five groups and micro-classification had 21 groups based on habitat types. Future studies should focus on the ecological features of each biotop categories generated in this study and their creation and management techniques to find many practical methods to create, protect and manage outdoor biotop for environment-friendly community.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제23권8호
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• pp.1523-1536
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• 2014

Restoration is the process of reducing or reversing damage to an ecosystem so that it can function in its original manner. However, many restoration programs do not achieve this. In the Nakdong Estuary, the largest migratory nesting site in the center of the East Asian-Australasian flyway, an estuarine barrage was constructed in the 1980s that required site restoration following its completion in 1987 and the expansion of several large industrial complexes(Noksan and Jangrim) and a residential development(Myeongji). The goal of the restoration was to restore the function of the wetland to its pre-disturbance state. To achieve this, a restoration program was designed consisting of three stages. The first stage(1993-1995), saw the construction of three artificial wetlands(Shinhori, Daemadeung, and Eulsuk), the second(2003-2005) involved the dredging and returning of farmed lands to their natural state, and the third(2008-2012) focused on the rehabilitation and vegetation development of the wetlands. However, the project has not achieved all of the desired goals, and it is an example of the lapses in ecological restoration following anthropogenic disturbance. Issues that resulted in an incomplete restoration included the timing of the stages, noncompliance with the restoration plan, not directly monitoring the restoration or continuing the monitoring following completion of the development project, and the political subversion of the restoration plan. For the success of the restoration plan, it is necessary to avoid mistakes such as inconsistent monitoring, unequal levels of stakeholder involvement, and political interference.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제40권2호
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• pp.152-156
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• 2012

서울 근교의 민물 습지(FW), 해수습지(SW), 산림 토양(FS) 그리고 매립지 복토(LS)의 메탄산화세균 군집을 clone library/sequencing 기법을 이용하여 분석하였다. 메탄산화세균인 Methylocaldum, Methlyococcus과 Methylosinus는 FS와 SW에서 풍부하였으며, Methylobacter와 Methylomonas는 FW에서 풍부하였고, Methylocystis와 Methylomicrobium은 LS에서 우점하였다. 메탄 산화가 관찰되기 전까지 필요한 lag phase는 각 토양별로 유의적으로 차이가 있었고, 메탄 산화속도는 $FW{\geq}LS{\geq}SW>FS$순이었다. 이러한 결과들은 토양의 환경조건은 메탄산화세균의 군집과 메탄산화능에 영향을 미치는 중요한 인자임을 시사한다.

• 환경영향평가
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.197-207
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• 2014

In this study, the functional priority of wetlands was determined through analysis of previous research. To determine relative importance, three processes were performed. First, quantitative values from the case studies were normalized. Second, non-quantitative values were prioritized based on standard criteria. Third, equal weight was applied as long as there was no special consideration regarding a particular value's disproportionate priority in the research. Finally, results were grouped into large, medium, and small classes.In this study, the functions of the medium class were found to be the most significant, in the following order of priority: water supply and ground water recharge; culture and recreation; biodiversity; product; water quality control; flood control; erosion control; moderation of climate change; and provision of biochemical matter. To verify these results, we compared our findings with those of an assessment that used the Rapid Assessment Method (RAM) on the same type of study area. Whereas this comparison indicated some correlations by the culture, water storage, and genetic sustainability functions, it suggested a lack of such relationship by the water purification and flood prevention functions.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.61-80
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• 2012

This study is to offer the basic data for restoration and conservation of wetland ecosystem by surveying and analysing the flora distributed in the Binae marsh, Namhan River, Chungju-si. The flora in the Binae marsh were verified 204 taxa including 48 families, 152 genera, 179 species, 23 varieties and 2 forms. In flora, pteridophyta were 2 taxa including 1 family, 1 genus and 2 species, among angiospermae, dicotyledonae were 153 taxa including 37 families, 110 genera, 138 species, 13 varieties and 2 forms and monocotyledonae were 49 taxa including 10 families, 41 genera, 39 species and 10 varieties. In the result of classifying the life form of flora, megaphanerophytes (M), nanophanerophytes (N) and chamaiphytes (Ch) were each 9 taxa (4.4%), 37 taxa (18.1%) of hemicryptophytes (H), 19 taxa (9.3%) of geophytes (G), 97 taxa (47.6%) of therophytes (Th) and 24 taxa (11.8%) of hydrophytes (HH). The rare plant designated by Korea Forest Service was 1 taxa (Aristolochia contorta), and the endemic plant was 1 taxa (Salix koriyanagi) too. The specific plants by floristic region were 6 taxa. From among these, the species of degree I were 5 taxa including Salix chaenomeloides, Aristolochia contorta, Artemisia selengensis, Cirsium pendulum and Vallisneria natans, and degree III was 1 taxa including Alisma orientale. The naturalized plants were 45 taxa and the invasive alien plants were 3 taxa including Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia and Ambrosia trifida. The naturalized index (NI) was about 22.1%, 16.1% of urbanized index (UI) and 27.3% of disturbed index (DI). The extinct species by construction were 17 taxa including Persicaria sagittata, Typha orientalis, Zizania latifolia and so forth. The new-occured species were 14 taxa including Brassica juncea, Thlaspi arvense, Carduus crispus and so forth. The important species among the extinct species were Aristolochia contorta, Alisma orientale and Vallisneria natans.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.395-403
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• 2011

본 연구는 제주고사리삼 자생지의 입지환경과 식생 특성을 파악하기 위하여 이루어졌다. 각 자생지들은 자생지의 깊이, 암석 노출 비율, 우점 수종, 주변식생 등에 따라 2가지 유형으로 구분되었으며, 이에 따라 자생지의 식생이 다르게 나타났다. 암석이 노출된 유형의 자생지는 인접 지역과의 지형적인 경계가 뚜렷하고, 대부분 습한 환경에 자라는 수목으로 구성되어 있다. 이에 비해 토양이 풍부한 유형의 자생지는 깊이가 얕고, 토양이 발달되어 있으며 주변에서 이입된 수목이 분포하였다. 하지만, 초본층은 대부분 수생식물이 우점하며 이는 자생지가 습지의 특성을 갖는다는 것을 보여준다. 따라서 제주고사리삼 자생지는 소택지와 매우 유사한 특성을 가지며, 제주고사리삼의 보존을 위해서는 자생지가 이러한 습지의 특성을 유지하도록 하는 것이 매우 중요할 것이다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.11-27
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• 2016

This study is a survey of the flora distributed in Seocheon tidal flat wetland protected area of nearby island (Daejuk-do, Tokki-deung, Muk-do) and Yubo-do Seocheon-gun Chuncheongnam-do, Korea. The numbers of vascular plants were summarized as 231 taxa including 65 families, 167 genera, 204 species, 2 subspecies, 23 varieties and 2 forms. The halophytes were 33 taxa including 15 families, 29 genera, 29 species, 3 varieties and 1 form (Chenopodium album var. stenophyllum, Cnidium japonicum, Juncus haenkei and so on). The rare plants were 4 taxa including Pseudoraphis ukishiba (VU), Belamcanda chinensis (VU), Phacelurus latifolius (LC) and Polygonum bellardii (DD). The Korean endemic plants were 2 taxa including Salix pseudolasiogyne and Forsythia koreana. In the specific plants by floristic region were 24 taxa, a degree I were 19 taxa (Rhodotypos scandens, Zanthoxylum planispinum, Cynodon dactylon and so on), 2 taxa of a degree III (Elymus mollis and Asparagus oligoclonos), 3 taxa of a degree IV (Polygonum bellardii, Wisteria floribunda and Pseudoraphis ukishiba) and degree II, V were not found. The naturalized plants were 40 taxa including Phytolacca americana, Sicyos angulatus, Lactuca scariola and so on. Naturalization rate (NR) was 17.3% of all 231 taxa of vascular plants and urbanization index (UI) was 12.5% of all 321 taxa of naturalized plants. This study was performed to used as a basic data to identify the protected from plant ecosystems of type classify into analyze the vegetation characteristic of based on flora distributed in Yubu-do and nearby islands.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.933-940
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• 2020

Land-use change matrix data is important for calculating the LULUCF (land use, land use change and forestry) sector of the national greenhouse gas inventory. In this study, land cover changes in 2004 and 2019 were compared using the Wall-to-Wall technique with a land cover map of Sejong City from the Ministry of Environment. Sejong City was classified into six land use classes according to the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) guidelines: Forest land, crop land, grassland, wetland, settlement and other land. The coordinate system of the land cover maps of 2004 and 2019 were harmonized and the land use was reclassified. The results indicate that during the 15 years from 2004 to 2019 forestlands and croplands decreased from 50.4% (234.2 ㎢) and 34.6% (161.0 ㎢) to 43.4% (201.7 ㎢) and 20.7% (96.2 ㎢), respectively, while Settlement and Other land area increased significantly from 8.9% (41.1 ㎢) and 1.4% (6.9 ㎢) to 35.6% (119.0 ㎢) and 6.5% (30.3 ㎢). 79.㎢ of cropland area (96.2 ㎢) in 2019 was maintained as cropland, and 8.8 ㎢, 1.7 ㎢, 0.5 ㎢, 5.4 ㎢, and 0.4 ㎢ were converted from forestland, grassland, wetland, and settlement, respectively. This research, however, is subject to several limitations. The uncertainty of the land use change matrix when using the wall-to-wall technique depends on the accuracy of the utilized land cover map. Also, the land cover maps have different resolutions and different classification criteria for each production period. Despite these limitations, creating a land use change matrix using the Wall-to-Wall technique with a Land cover map has great advantages of saving time and money.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.136-143
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• 2015

독특한 생태계를 가지고 있는 곶자왈지역을 보호하기 위해 동물의 서식처로서의 접근이 필요하다. 본 연구는 2013년 2월부터 2014년 12월까지 월 2회 조류조사를 실시하였고 제주도 서부에 위치한 한경-안덕곶자왈지대에 속하는 제주특별자치도 제주시 한경면 청수리와 제주도 동부에 위치한 조천-함덕곶자왈지대에 속하는 제주시 조천읍 선흘리를 대상으로 하였다. 두 곶자왈지역에서 총 66종 4,140개체가 관찰되었고 선흘곶자왈지역에서는 53종 1,907개체가, 청수곶자왈지역에서는 49종 2,233개체가 조사되었다. 두 곶자왈지역간 종수는 통계적으로 차이가 없었으나, 개체수는 두 곶자왈지역간에 유의한 차이를 보였다. 두 지역간 공통종은 36종으로 유사도 지수는 0.7이었다. 계절적 출현형으로 살펴보면, 두 곶자왈지역에서 텃새는 23종, 겨울철새는 15종, 나그네새는 16종, 여름철새는 11종, 길잃은새 2종이었고 선흘곶자왈지역과 청수곶자왈지역은 비슷한 양상을 나타냈다. 천연기념물과 멸종위기야생생물을 포함한 법정보호종은 12종이었고 선흘곶자왈지역에서는 8종이, 청수곶자왈지역에서 10종이 관찰되었다. 관찰된 조류 중 습지를 직접 이용하거나 수분과 관련된 먹이자원을 이용하는 종은 선흘곶자왈지역은 12종, 청수곶자왈지역에서는 6종이 기록되었으며 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 나지 않았다. 개체수에서는 선흘곶자왈지역에서 89개체가, 청수곶자왈지역에서는 30개체가 관련 종들이었으며 두 곳을 비교하였을 때 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다. 두 곶자왈지역간의 출현종 차이의 원인을 밝히기 위해 곶자왈 숲 내 형성된 습지 및 미세기후에 대한 연구가 필요하며 곶자왈지역 보전을 위한 방안 마련시 두 곶자왈 지역의 차이를 반영할 수 있어야 한다고 판단된다.