• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.102 no.3
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• pp.415-419
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• 2013

To mitigate forest fire damage, it is needed to concentrate suppression resources on the fire having a high probability to become large in the initial stage. The objective of this study is to develop the large fire judgement model which can estimate large fire possibility index between the fire size and the related factors such as weather, terrain, and fuel. The results of logistic regression equation indicated that temperature, wind speed, continuous drought days, slope variance, forest area were related to the large fire possibility positively but elevation has negative relationship. This model may help decision-making about size of suppression resources, local residents evacuation and suppression priority.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.384-391
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• 2016

In this study, regions infected by pine wilt disease were extracted by using object-based classification method (OB-infected region), and the characteristics of special distribution about OB-infected region were figured out. Scale 24, Shape 0.1, Color 0.9, Compactness 0.5, and Smoothness 0.5 was selected as the objected-based, optimal weighted value of OB-infected region classification. The total accuracy of classification was high with 99% and Kappa coefficient was also high with 0.97. The area of OB-infected region was approximately 90 ha, 16% of the total area. The OB-infected region in Age class V and VI was intensively distributed with 97% of the total. Also, The OB-infected region in Middle and Large DBH class was intensively distributed with 99% of the total. In terms of the topographic characteristics of OB-infected region, the damages occurred approximately 86% below the altitude of 200 m, and occurred 91% with a slope less than 10 degree. The damage occurred a lot in low hilly mountain and undulating slope. In addition, the accessibility to road and residential area from OB-infected region was less than 300 m in large part. Overall, it was figured out that artificial effect is stronger than natural effect with regard to the spread of pine wilt disease.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1-15
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• 2011

We recently witnessed increasingly more natural disturbances on forested land. On the other hand, only limited number of nursery grown tree species are available for restoration projects. At the same time, so little on the disturbance resistance of species has been studied that a selection of right species for right site condition becomes very difficult. This study is a compilation of the site specificities and disturbance resistance of each species native to South Korea. Each species was surveyed for 11 items related to site specificities, and 12 items related to disturbance resistance including the resistance to snow damage. This study was conducted for 161 tree species from 44 families : 21 evergreen conifer species, 2 deciduous conifer species, 18 evergreen broad-leaved species, 118 deciduous broad-leaved species, and 2 monocotyledon species. This study suggests that native species in South Korea show resistance to all types of natural disturbances except drought.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.536-546
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• 2022

A society will lose a lot of something in this field when the forest fire broke out. If a forest fire can be detected in advance, damage caused by the spread of forest fires can be prevented early. So, we studied how to detect forest fires using CCTV currently installed. In this paper, we present a deep learning-based model through efficient image data construction for monitoring forest fire smoke, which is unstructured data, based on the deep learning model YOLOv5. Through this study, we conducted a study to accurately detect forest fire smoke, one of the amorphous objects of various forms, in YOLOv5. In this paper, we introduce a method of self-learning by producing insufficient data on its own to increase accuracy for unstructured object recognition. The method presented in this paper constructs a dataset with a fixed labelling position for images containing objects that can be extracted from the original image, through the original image and a model that learned from it. In addition, by training the deep learning model, the performance(mAP) was improved, and the errors occurred by detecting objects other than the learning object were reduced, compared to the model in which only the original image was learned.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.32-39
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• 2009

In this study, 18 plots were selected for particular investigation on Gangneung area and Samcheok area and Uljin area, where forest fire was occurred after thinning in 2007. After selection, a relationship between a damage of forest fire and thinning were compared and analyzed. Many factor such as a damaged species, a thinning or non-thinning, a direction of forest fire head, DBH, a height of tree, a mortality of tree, a leeward scorching ratio, a crown damage ratio, a forest tree standing crop density, a crown base height, a leaving of thinning slash, a location of plot (GPS), elevation, an aspect of slope, an angle of slope, and a topography were measured. Therefore, we analyzed a relationship with forest fire. In the result of this analysis, it was founded that the leeward scorching ratio was 24.7% on thinning area whereas 60.2% on non-thinning area. Subsequently, leeward scorching ratio on thinning area was increased by about 35.5% more than on non-thinning area. In the result of analysis about tree species, a forest of pine tree was more damaged than forest of oak tree. The mortality of tree was increased by about 41.4% on non-thinning area. When stands were close to thinning slashes, these were more damaged by 10${\sim}$20% than other stands for increasing of amount of a combustion material. Especially, as potential of re-ignition increased for more cumulated thinning slash, it will be more important to require a method for a periodical removing or practical utilization of slash.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.959-969
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• 2019

This study sought to contribute to the revitalization of local economy by developing a natural recreation forest, which is the base of ecotourism recreation, through utilizing forest resources and the natural environment of Gwangju-si. The study conducted a feasibility assessment through on-site surveys such as the suitability of the candidate sites, location analysis, and possibility of damage to the forest, before developing recreation forest sites in Gwangju-si and, based on the result, selected appropriate subject sites. The candidates for this study were 5 forest sites such as one site in the Mokheon-dong area, two in the Docheok-myeon area, and one in the Toechon-myeon area. For this study, the current status of the natural recreation forest was surveyed, its feasibility index and assessment process were investigated, and the local status and related regulations of Gyeonggi-do and Gwangju-si were reviewed. The final subject sites were selected after feasibility assessment utilizing assessment index in order to evaluate the candidate sites. The feasibility assessment was conducted after three separate on-site surveys for each candidate site between October 2018 and January 2019 utilizing "The Feasibility Assessment Criteria for Natural Recreation Forest (Notification 2018-71)" of the Korean Forest Service. The items instrumental to the feasibility assessment were classified into landscape, location, water system, induction of recreation, and development condition; the assessment was made after redefining each item into detailed items. Through this process, the Usan-ri area was selected as the final site for developing natural recreation forest, having obtained more than 100 points according to "The Feasibility Assessment Criteria for Natural Recreation Forest" of the Korean Forest Service. In order to develop natural recreation forest in the Usan-ri area in the future, further discussion is necessary with the relevant departments in consideration of the degree of ecological zoning map.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2006.06a
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• pp.305-306
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• 2006

To avoid the large scale of damage when fire occurs in the tunnel, it is necessary to have a system to minimize the damage, and early discovery of the problem. In this paper, we have proposed algorithm using the image processing, which is the high-speed detection for the occurrence of fire or smoke in the tunnel. The fire detection is different to the forest fire detection as there are elements such as car and tunnel lightings and other variety of elements different from the forest environment. Therefore, an indigenous algorithm should be developed.The two algorithms proposed in this paper, are able to complement with each other and also they can detect the exact position, at the earlier stay of detection. In addition, by comparing properties of each algorithm throughout this experiment, we have proved the propriety of algorithm.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.75 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 1986

One-year-old seedlings of open-pollinated progenies of pitch-loblolly hybrid pine plus trees were selected for cold-hardiness during cold winter of 1983-1984. Survived trees were planted in three locations. Two years later, the ratio of cold-damaged trees and 3rd year heights were recorded. The ratio of the, cold-damage trees among screened progenies were 5.6% in Kyunggi and 22.6% in Chungnam, while 9.3% and 43.3%, respectively, in unscreened control plot. Severely damaged families at one-year-old seedling stage also suffered heavy cold damage after two years. Not much differences were observed between families in 3rd year height.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Hazard Mitigation
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.75-79
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• 2008

As Information Technology developed, Information requirement has been went higher. In the field of GIS(Geographic Information System) more information is processed more quickly and accurately. Especially, quick analysis of forest fire information (topography, ignition point, weather condition, etc.) over a wide area is essential in order to minimize victim, environmental damage, and economical damage, decide course of evacuating, estimate a fire spread course, and attack resource arrangement. We determined a fire spread distance at each unit time through an experiment with various slope degrees and distinction of flat, upslope and downslope. For the tests on the upslope, as the slope increased, the rate of spread increased. On the downslope in contrast with the upslope, as the slope increased, the rate of spread decreased. We analyzed a spread rate of forest fire on each slope as the method classified upslope(+) and downslope(-) using the results obtained from the experiment. Consequently, the proposed method is able to be used to effectively support the attack of forest fire by providing accurate predictions of fire spread.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.53 no.4
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• pp.461-464
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• 2014

As a result of investigation on the larvae attacking leaves of Eucommia ulmoides Oliv. and causing serious damage on the plant in Seoul, Chungnam and Jeonbuk Province in Korea during summer in 2013, Protegira songi Chen & Zhang of the family Noctuidae was identified. In this study, we report the host plants of it for the first time from Korea, with larval damage and taxonomic information by illustrating the characteristics of male and female genitalia.