• 중환자간호학회지
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.40-49
• /
• 2021

Purpose : This study identified the factors affecting the clinical competence of emergency unit nurses caring for foreign patients. Methods : This study utilized a descriptive correlation design. Participants were 112 emergency unit nurses working in different hospitals designated as the government's emergency medical centers and agencies in 2018. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, independent t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and multiple linear regression analysis. Results : Subjects' clinical competence showed positive relationships with cultural competency (r=.45, p<.001) and intercultural communication (r=.53, p<.001). Factors that affect the clinical competence of subjects showed intercultural communication (β=0.38, p=.001). Conclusion : It is necessary to develop programs to improve intercultural communication, factors that influence clinical competence of emergency unit nurses, and apply them to practical fields.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
• /
• 제20권5호
• /
• pp.297-303
• /
• 2019

Background: Absorbable plates are widely used in open reduction and internal fixation surgeries for facial bone fractures. Absorbable plates are made of polyglycolic acid (PGA), polylactic acid (PLA), polydioxane (PDS), or various combinations of these polymers. The degradation patterns of absorbable plates made from different polymers and clinical courses of patients treated with such plates have not been fully identified. This study aimed to confirm the clinical courses of facial bone fracture patients using absorbable plates and compare the degradation patterns of the plates. Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted for 47 cases in 46 patients who underwent open reduction and internal fixation surgery using absorbable plates to repair facial bone fractures. All surgeries used either PLA/PGA composite-based or poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA)/hydroxyapatite (HA) composite-based absorbable plates and screws. Clinical courses were confirmed and comparisons were conducted based on direct observation. Results: There were no naturally occurring foreign body reactions. Post-traumatic inflammatory responses occurred in eight patients (nine cases), in which six recovered naturally with conservative treatment. The absorbable plates were removed from two patients. PLA/PGA compositebased absorbable plates degraded into fragments with non-uniform, sharp surfaces whereas PLLA/HA composite-based absorbable plates degraded into a soft powder. Conclusion: PLA/PGA composite-based and PLLA/HA composite-based absorbable plates showed no naturally occurring foreign body reactions and showed different degradation patterns. The absorbable plate used for facial bone fracture surgery needs to be selected in consideration of its degradation patterns.

• 한국병원경영학회지
• /
• 제26권2호
• /
• pp.27-42
• /
• 2021

This study investigated the differences in patient experience by arrangement type of medical tourism facilitators(MTF) from the pre-visit to visit stages. Specifically, patient experiences from each stage with different service providers (MTFs and medical institutions) were measured: provision of information and respect for patient preferences as pre-visit experiences with the facilitators, communication and concierge services as visit experiences with the facilitators, and medical services as medical institution experiences. The scale to measure foreign patients' experiences was modified from the 'Picker in-patient questionnaire(PPE)' and the 'Picker patient experience questionnaire(PPE-15)'. Quantitative data were collected by conducting a self-administered questionnaire on 173 patients from China, Russia, Mongolia, and Kazakhstan. Qualitative data were collected by conducting in-depth interviews with 9 patients and 9 service providers. The data were collected between January and October in 2019. Quantitative data was analyzed by SPSS 25 for Chi-squared test and ANOVA, and qualitative data were analyzed based on keywords. The main results are as follows. When foreign patients used only overseas MTFs, they had a relatively positive patient experience in respect of receiving pre-visit information(F=7.47, p<.01) and respect for patient preferences(F=3.11, p<.05). Looking at both domestic and overseas facilitators during the visit, the patient experience was relatively negative for communication(F=3.75, p<.05). Regarding medical institutions, patients had a relatively negative patient experience with regards to medical services when they used both domestic and overseas facilitators(F=6.49, p<.01). The implications of this study are as follows. Patients should have a seamless and high-quality experience regardless of the facilitator arrangement type. This can be prepared through service standardization for the service providers. It would be also necessary to consider each other's features and problems at the institutional level and to improve service coordination by having service providers periodically communicate with each other.

• 대한기관식도과학회지
• /
• 제12권2호
• /
• pp.26-30
• /
• 2006

Backgroud and Objectives: Inhalation of foreign bodies in respiratory tract can be fatal to infants and child. After ventilating bronchoscopy technique was widelyused, most of the pediatric airway foreign bodies could be managed effectively. In this study, we aimed to analyze clinicalfeatures and outcomes of ventilating bronchoscopic removal of pediatric airway foreign bodies. Materials and Methods: One hundred twenty cases of ventilating bronchoscopy for pediatric airway foreign bodies at Seoul National University Hospital for the past 15 years were analyzed retrospectively. Results: In 120 cases, sex ratio (male: female) was 2.2:1 and mean age was 27.0 months. Most frequent type of airway foreign was peanut (60.2%). One hundred thirteen patients, in whom a foreign body was confirmed in the airway, were successfully managed by ventilating bronchoscopy. Delayed diagnosis and management made a significantly long postoperative hospital stay. Conclusion: Great care must be given when feeding young children, especially younger than 36 months, with nuts. Early intervention with ventilating bronchoscopy following a clinical suspicion is critical to successful treatment.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
• /
• 제7권2호
• /
• pp.101-111
• /
• 2018

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy of small intestine diagnosed in both childhood and adulthood. CD is caused by gluten, which produces gliadorphin during its digestion. The enzyme dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) breaks gliadorphin down nevertheless the last tripeptide remains and eventually inhibits DPP4, thus slowing down its process. Therefore, the idea is to produce an additional DPP4 enzyme which is crucial. Consequently, the functional DPP4 gene was cloned into pCDNA3 intermediate (FLAG+DPP4) vector and finally a recombinant plasmid pSB1C3 (Andersons promoters+FLAG+DPP4) was constructed using synthetic biology. Normally, a DPP4 inhibitor is used as a cure for diabetes. Another important concern was overexpression of DPP4, which might lead to diabetes, accordingly the work was also performed for the regulation of the DPP4 gene expression. In this regard, three types of Anderson promoters (strong, moderate and weak) were utilized to study the control overexpression. This is the first report of idealistic trial for control the exogenous DPP4 gene-expression by molecular biologic tools.

• Allergy, Asthma & Respiratory Disease
• /
• 제6권6호
• /
• pp.303-309
• /
• 2018

Purpose: Foreign body aspiration in children is emergent and can cause serious complications. This study aims to show the clinical characteristics of foreign body aspiration and to analyze the clinical cases of delayed diagnosis to predict and prevent complications. Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 63 children (48 in Inha University Hospital and 15 in Gachon University Gil Medical Center) who were diagnosed with foreign body aspiration through bronchoscopy from 1996 to 2017 in Incheon City, and analyzed clinical characteristics. Patients were divided into 3 groups: those were diagnosed within 24 hours, delayed after 24 hours, or delayed more than 7 days according to time elapse from the time of foreign body aspiration, and clinical characteristics of each group were compared. Results: Aspiration occurred in 58.7% at 1 year and 15.9% at 2 years. Cough (65.1%) and coarse breathing sound (41.3%) were most common, and radiologic findings were commonly presented as emphysema on the affected side (41.3%). Nuts were most common (42.9%), and there was no difference in the frequency between the right and left main bronchi. The documented history of foreign body aspiration was more frequently found in the early diagnosed group; however, sputum, fever, and complications were more frequent in the delayed diagnosed group. Conclusion: If a patient with respiratory disease has persistent fever or sputum, foreign body aspiration should be suspected.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제50권4호
• /
• pp.291-298
• /
• 2020

Purpose: The detection and exact localization of penetrating foreign bodies are crucial for the appropriate management of patients with dentoalveolar trauma. This study compared the efficacy of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) and spiral computed tomography (CT) scans for the detection of different foreign bodies composed of 5 frequently encountered materials in 2 sizes. The effect of the location of the foreign bodies on their visibility was also analyzed. Materials and Methods: In this in vitro study, metal, tooth, stone, glass, and plastic particles measuring 1×1×1 mm and 2×2×2 mm were prepared. They were implanted in a sheep's head in the tongue muscle, nasal cavity, and at the interface of the mandibular cortex and soft tissue. CBCT and spiral CT scans were taken and the visibility of foreign bodies was scored by 4 skilled maxillofacial radiologists who were blinded to the location and number of foreign bodies. Results: CT and CBCT were equally accurate in visualizing metal, stone, and tooth particles of both sizes. However, CBCT was better for detecting glass particles in the periosteum. Although both imaging modalities visualized plastic particles poorly, CT was slightly better for detecting plastic particles, especially the smaller ones. Conclusion: Considering the lower patient radiation dose and cost, CBCT can be used with almost equal accuracy as CT for detecting foreign bodies of different compositions and sizes in multiple maxillofacial regions. However, CT performed better for detecting plastic particles.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.929-935
• /
• 1990

Violence in our society, combined with improving transport system, resulted in increased numbers of patients with cardiac wounds reaching the hospital alive. Most patients with penetrating cardiac injury, rather than blunt injury, present with a syndrome of either hemorrhagic shock or cardiac tamponade. And they should be operated upon as soon as possible. Often the atrioventricular valves and other important cardiac structures are also damaged by the penetrating instruments or missile. Both intracardiac communications and atrioventricular fistulas may result in significant left-to-right shunts accompanied by congestive heart failure, necessitating surgical correction. Usually, retained cardiac foreign bodies, which are almost always bullets or fragments of missiles, may lie within a cardiac chamber or in the myocardium. Emboli of bullets or other missiles from distant sites to the right side of the heart are numerous enough to require attention. Recently we experienced a case with intracardiac foreign body due to penetrating cardiac injury. A 19 year-old man was admitted to our hospital due to penetrating anterior chest wound by iron segment. The roentgenogram of the chest revealed a radio-opaque metallic shadow in left lower chest around the cardiac apex, mild blunting of left costophrenic space, but no cardiomegaly. During operation the foreign body was noted to be present in the cardiac chamber by the portable C-arm fluoroscopy. But during the manipulation it moved into left inferior pulmonary vein from left ventricle by way of left atrium. So we could manage to remove it from left inferior pulmonary vein by direct approach to the vein. It was iron segment, sized 0.lcm x0.6cmx0.5cm, with sharp margins. The patient had an uneventful postoperative recovery except for chylopericardium and was discharged.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.375-382
• /
• 2022

Objectives: This study analyzes factors related to English communication skills in the dental health services of clinical dental hygienists who provide dental medical services to foreigners. Methods: Surveys were conducted to measure students' English communication skills. Participants comprised 195 clinical dental hygienists working at dental English study cafes or who provided dental medical services to foreigners. After analyzing the differences in English communication skills, hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed on the factors related to English communication skills. Results: English communication skill of dental hygienists was 1.96 points out of 5 points. The factors related to the English communication skill of the clinical dental hygienists were foreign patient care, language training experience, overseas living experience, and certified English proficiency. The adjusted explanatory power of this model was 53.0%. Conclusions: Dental hygienists in charge of foreign patients have experience in language training and overseas residence, have a language qualification certificate, and have higher English communication skills. It is necessary to develop English language learning programs based on metaverse to develop the English communication skills of dental hygienists who provide dental health services to foreign patients and to operate a creative educational environment to increase interest in learning English.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제35권4호
• /
• pp.423-430
• /
• 2008

Purpose: Computed tomography theoretically should improve detection of foreign bodies and provide more information of adjacent soft tissues. And the CT scanner and PACS program proved to be an excellent instrument for detection and localization of most facial foreign bodies above certain minimum levels of detectability. The severity of injury in penetrating trauma to the face, it is often underestimated by physical examination. Diagnosis of a retained foreign object is always critical. Methods: From March, 2005 to February 2008 a study was done with 200 patients who had facial trauma. Axial and coronal CT images were obtained with a General Electric(Milwaukee, Wis) 9800 CT scanner at 130 kV, 90 mA, with a 2-mm section thickness and a $512{\times}512$ matrix. Results: Axial and coronal CT images at various window widths should be used as the first imaging modality to detect facial foreign bodies. The attenuation coefficients for the metallic and nonmetallic foreign bodies ranged from -437 to +3071 HU. As a general rule, metallic foreign bodies produced more Hounsfield artifacts than nonmetallic foreign bodies, thus providing a clue to their composition. All of the metallic foreign bodies were represented by a single peak and had a maximum attenuation coefficient of +3071 HU. Of the nonmetallic foreign bodies, glass had an attenuation coefficient that ranged from +105 to +2039, while plastic had a much lower coefficient that ranged from -62 to -35. wood had the lowest range of attenuation coefficients: -491 to -437. Conclusion: The PACS program allows one to distinguish metallic from nonmetallic foreign bodies and to individually identify the specific composition of many nonmetallic foreign bodies. This program does not, however, allow identification of the specific composition of a metallic foreign body. We recommend this type of software program for CT scanning of any patient with an injury to the face in which a foreign body is suspected.