• Title/Summary/Keyword: Forage

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Enhancement of Nutritional Quality of Italian Ryegrass Mediated Silage by Supplemented with Lactic Acid Bacteria and Chlorella

  • Vijayakumar, Mayakrishnan;Ilavenil, Soundarrajan;Arasu, Mariadhas Valan;Jung, Min-Woong;Park, Hyung Soo;Kim, Ji Hea;Lim, Young Cheol;Choi, Ki Choon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.34 no.3
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    • pp.169-173
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    • 2014
  • The aim of present study was to improve the quality of silage using lactic acid bacteria (LAB) and chlorella as a supplement. Italian ryegrass (IRG) mediated silage was prepared with lactic acid bacteria (L. plantarum) and different concentration of chlorella. We analyzed the nutritional profiles such as crude protein (CP), acid detergent fiber (ADF) neutral detergent fiber (NDF), total digestible nutrient (TDN) and in-vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), microbial counts and fermentative acids such as lactic acid, acetic acid and butyric acid in the control and experimental silage after three months. It shows increased crude protein content and also maintains the rest of nutritional values as compared with control silage. LAB inoculation with chlorella as supplementation slightly reduced the pH of the silage. In addition, it increased the fermentative acids production as compared with control silage and inhibits the undesired microbial growth especially fungi in the silage. Therefore, we suggest that LAB inoculation and chlorella supplementation to the IRG mediated silage could be improved the nutritional quality of the silage which is an intrinsic feature for the application in the preparation of animal feeds and functional foods.

Evaluaton of the Government Recommended Forage Cultivars in Korea IV. Forage performance and quality of sorghum-sudangrass hybrids (목초 및 사료작물 정부장려품종의 지역적응성 평가 IV. 수단그라스계 잡종의 사초수량과 사료가치)

  • 김동암;전우복;신정남;김종근;신동은;김원호;김종관
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.1-10
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    • 1998
  • Eleven sorghun-sudangrass hybrids have been recommended as the government recommended forage cultivars, however, their forage performance and quality have mostly been tested at two regions, such as Suweon in the Middle Northwestern Coast Region and Sunghwan in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of eleven government recommended sorghum-sudangrass hybrids(TE haygrazer, 988. TE haygrazer-R, SX-17, NC + 855, 855F, GW9110G, G83F, Sordan 79, Speed feed and Jumbo) at five regions, such as Icheon in the Middle Northern Inland, Suweon in the Middle Northwestern Coast, Sunghwan in the Middle Southwestern Coast, Keongsan in the Keongpook Inland and Kwangju in the Southern Inland, 1993 and 1995. Among the eleven hybrids tested, 'NC + 855' gave the highest forage yield at all regions when averaged over the two-year period, but others varied by region. 'NC + 855' was the highest yielding at Icheon, Keongsan and Kwangju, G83F was highest at Suweon and 855F was highest at Sunghwan. 'Jumbo' (headless type) was generally higher in forage quality than others, but at both Suweon and Icheon, 'NC + 855' and '855F' were higher quality than others. As the results of the experiment, 'TE haygrazer', 'NC + 855' , G83F and 'GW9110G1 at Icheon, 'G83F' and 'Sordan 79' at Suweon, 'NC + 855' and '855F' at Sunghwan, '988' and 'NC + 855' at Keongsan, and 'TE haygrazer-R' , 'NC + 855', 'GW9110G' and 'G83F' at Kwangju might be preferable to other hybrids because they have higher forage yield.

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Evaluation of Intercropping Sorghum × Sudangrass Hybrid (Sorghum bicolor) with Legume Crops Based on Growth Characteristics, Forage Productivity, and Feed Values at a Summer Paddy Field

  • Song, Yowook;Lee, Sang-Hoon;Rahman, Md Atikur;Lee, Ki-Won
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.41 no.3
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    • pp.198-204
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    • 2021
  • Intercropping cereals with legumes is known to improve forage production and crude protein yield. Sorghum × sudangrass hybrids (SSH) have excellent dry matter content and high cultivation temperatures. In this study, we investigated the growth characteristics, forage productivity, and feed value of intercropping SSH with different legumes in rice paddy fields. We used five treatments in this study SSH monocropping and four intercropping treatments of SSH with, lablab, cowpea, sesbania, and two cultivars of soybean (Chookdu 1 and 2). SSH plant height was not significantly different between the monocropping and intercropping treatments. However, the plant heights of lablab, cowpea, and sesbania were significantly higher than those of the two soybean cultivars. The total dry matter yield (kg/ha) was significantly higher in SSH monocropping than in intercropping; among the intercropping treatments, the one with SSH and Chookdu 2 yielded the highest total dry matter yield. The SSH feed value was significantly different between the monocropping and intercropping treatments, although there were no differences between the intercropping treatments. Among the intercropped legumes, lablab showed the highest neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents, and cowpea had the highest crude protein content. These results reveal that intercropping SSH with legumes in paddy fields could be a promising cultivation technique to maintain stable forage productivity.

Evaluation of Forage Yield and Feed Value of Winter Crops Following Rice Harvest at Paddy Field in the Southern Region of Korea

  • Song, Hui Mang;Park, Sang Hyun;Kim, Hwan
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.41 no.2
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    • pp.128-133
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    • 2021
  • This study was carried out to evaluate the forage yield and feed value of winter crops such as Italian ryegrass (IRG), oat, rye, barley, and hairy vetch. Forage crops were sown on 15th October 2018 in a paddy field after harvesting rice and forage crops were harvested at two times of 25th April 2019 and 18th May 201 9. The highest dry matter (DM) yield was harvested from rye among the five species of forage crop on 18th May. DM yield of all forages was increased 14.4% on 18th May compared to 25th April. The highest yield of crude protein (CP) was obtained from hairy vetch on 25th April, whereas it was decreased (38.1%) on 18th May. Moreover, the highest total digestible nutrient (TDN) yield and relative feed value (RFV) was harvested respectively from rye and hairy vetch on 25th April. Delay of harvest time considerably increased DM yield but significantly decreased CP and RFV. In conclusion, rye was the best source of DM and TDN and hairy vetch was the high-quality feed. Rye harvested on 25th April is the proper forage for resolving Korea's problem of insufficient forage yield.

Assessment of weather events impacts on forage production trend of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid

  • Moonju Kim;Kyungil Sung
    • Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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    • v.65 no.4
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    • pp.792-803
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    • 2023
  • This study aimed to assess the impact of weather events on the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid (Sorghum bicolor L.) cultivar production trend in the central inland region of Korea during the monsoon season, using time series analysis. The sorghum-sudangrass production data collected between 1988 and 2013 were compiled along with the production year's weather data. The growing degree days (GDD), accumulated rainfall, and sunshine duration were used to assess their impacts on forage production (kg/ha) trend. Conversely, GDD and accumulated rainfall had positive and negative effects on the trend of forage production, respectively. Meanwhile, weather events such as heavy rainfall and typhoon were also collected based on weather warnings as weather events in the Korean monsoon season. The impact of weather events did not affect forage production, even with the increasing frequency and intensity of heavy rainfall. Therefore, the trend of forage production for the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid was forecasted to slightly increase until 2045. The predicted forage production in 2045 will be 14,926 ± 6,657 kg/ha. It is likely that the damage by heavy rainfall and typhoons can be reduced through more frequent harvest against short-term single damage and a deeper extension of the root system against soil erosion and lodging. Therefore, in an environment that is rapidly changing due to climate change and extreme/abnormal weather, the cultivation of the sorghum-sudangrass hybrid would be advantageous in securing stable and robust forage production. Through this study, we propose the cultivation of sorghum-sudangrass hybrid as one of the alternative summer forage options to achieve stable forage production during the dynamically changing monsoon, in spite of rather lower nutrient value than that of maize (Zea mays L.).

Comparison of Dry Matter and Feed Value of Major Winter Forage Crops in the Reclaimed Tidal Land (간척지에서 주요 겨울사료작물의 건물생산성 및 사료가치 비교)

  • Shin Jae Soon;Lee Seung Heon;Kim Won Ho;Yoon Sei Hyung;Kim Jong Geun;Nam Jin Woo
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.25 no.2
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    • pp.113-118
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    • 2005
  • This experiment was conducted to compare the dry matter yields and fled values of winter forage crops using too cultivars of Barley, Rye md Italia ryegrass at the Dae-Ho reclaimed tideland, Korea from 2002 to 2004 2rowing season. Soil salt contents of three forage crops showed highest at sowing time, respectively and after wintering continuously lowed till harvest time. The dry matter yield was 6,668.8, 4,455.6 md 2,591.2 kg / ha, respectively, for Italian ryegrass, Barley and Rye. The highest Crude protein(CP) content was recorded in Italian ryegrass. Acid detergent fiber(ADF) contents were lowed in row with Barley, Italian ryegrass and Rye. Sodium contents in plant tissue were recorded high in line with Barley, Italian ryegrass and Rye. results mentions above suggest Italian ryegrass is suitable winter forage crops for cultivation on reclaimed tideland in view of the good emergence, forage production and its feed value.

New Barley Cultivars with Improved Morphological Characteristics for Whole Crop Forage in Korea (한국에서 개발된 총체사료용 보리 품종의 형태적 특성)

  • Park, Tae-Il;Han, Ouk-Kyu;Seo, Jae-Hwan;Choi, Jae-Sung;Park, Ki-Hun;Kim, Jung-Gon
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.28 no.3
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    • pp.193-202
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    • 2008
  • In Korea, domestic consumption of barley as a cereal crop has been decreasing since the 1980s. It has been considered that winter-season crop production could enhance the global competitiveness of domestic livestock industry by providing better quality fodder to livestock and enhancing field use rate. Therefore, the purpose of barley cultivation for cereal food production has been recently replaced by the production of forage barley. Consequently, the area of barley cultivation for forage is markedly increasing in Korea. Forage barley is cultivars especially as forage for cattle. While any type of barley can be used as forage for feeding cattle, forage barleys deliver a higher dry matter yield than conventional feed barley. We have developed forage barley cultivars with cattle's favorite characters such as smooth awn, hood and auricleless types. Cultivar Wooho, Yuyeon, and Dami have smooth awn, hood type spike, and auricleless type plant. We also developed rough awn type barley cultivars, such as Yongyang, Sunwoo, Sangweon, and Soman, showing earlymaturing and high-yielding. They showed about 12 to 10 ton ha-1 in dry matter yield (average 33 ton $ha^{-1}$ in fresh matter yield). And these were evaluated by forage quality which showed a higher grade of silage quality (TDN, ADF, NDF, CP, etc.) for whole crop barley use. Based on these results, it indicated that barley with smooth awn, hooded, and auricleless could be suitable sources in breeding for whole crop forage use.

Growth Characteristic and Productivity of Forage Corn Varieties Sown at the Last Ten Days of May in Central Region of Korea (중부지역에서 5월 하순 파종한 사료용 옥수수의 품종별 생육특성과 조사료 생산성)

  • Choi, Gi Jun;Jung, Jeong Sung;Choi, Ki Choon;Hwang, Tae Young;Kim, Ji Hye;Kim, Won Ho;Lee, Eun Ja;Sung, Kyung Il;Lee, Ki-Won
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.39 no.1
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    • pp.17-23
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    • 2019
  • This experiment was carried out to evaluate the characteristic and productivity of forage corn varieties sown at the last ten days of May at Cheonan of Korea on 2017 and 2018. Forage corn varieties sown on 24th May 2017 and $25^{th}$ May 2018 were emerged in 5th and 1st June, respectively. Silking date of forage corns was different among varieties(p<0.05). Stem length of forage corns was not different among the varieties, except Kwangpyeongok(KPA) and Nero IT. Stem diameter of forage corns was not different amaong the varieties. Outbreak rate of black streaked dwarf virus was lower than 3% in all varieties. Total digestible nutrient(TDN) yield was different among corn varieties(p<0.05), which was higher in P32P75, followed by P2088, P31N27, and KPA. The TDN yield of varieties had direct correlation with stem length, stem diameter and ear yield, respectively(p<0.01). Average of TDN in all varieties was 69.8%. These results suggested that forage corn variety with late-seeding adaptability is more important for increasing the productivity of forage corn If harvesting of winter forage crops have to be finished in the middle ten days of May in middle region of Korea.

FORAGE BREEDING IN TAIWAN - Review -

  • Cheng, Y.K.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • v.4 no.3
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    • pp.203-209
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    • 1991
  • Collection, evaluation and preservation of tropical forage grasses, napier grass breeding, tissue culture of pangola grass and alfalfa selection were conducted in Taiwan. The results showed that some species such as pangola grass (Digitaria decumbens) with good performance and wide adaptability were selected and released. Forage yield and quality of napier grass have been improved and have good results in animal performance. Embryogenic callus cultures from young inflorescences and stem segments of pangola grass could provide an alternative method for rapid propagation and improvement. Three better varieties of alfalfa were selected. They maintain satisfactory stands for two or three years on well-drained sand loam and loam soil, and used only as annual crop in flat area and acid soil. However, more studies in forage breeding for acid soil arc required to maximise the forage quality and animal production. Thus, animal fed with forages of high quality and a few grains supplement will be the future achivement in livestock industry.

Studies on Productivity and Nutrient Quality of Forage Rape (Brassica napus Subsp. oleifera) V. Influence of plant density on growth, yield and nutrient quality of forage rape. (사초용유채 ( Brassica napus Subsp. oleifera ) 의 생산성과 사료가치에 관한 연구 V. 재식밀도 차이가 사초용 유채의 생육특성, 수량 및 영양가치에 미치는 영향)

  • ;;Ichiro Goto
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.9 no.2
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    • pp.108-112
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    • 1989
  • To determine optimal plant density of forage rape in southern areas of Korea, Velox, the highest yielding variety among seventeen introduced varieties of forage rape, was grown under five different plant densities. The results obtained are summarized as follows: 1. Yield components such as stem diameter, number of main stem,leaves, number of branches and number of branch leaves and fresh yield were highest at the plots with 50cm row spacing and 30cm plant spacing. 2. Dry matter yield, content of crude protein, IVDMD and digestible dry matter yield were highest at the plots of broadcasting. 3. Since plants under high density were high in plant length and small in stem diameter, contents of crude fiber such as NDF, ADF, cellulose and lignin were lowest at the plots of broadcasting.

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