• 제목/요약/키워드: Forage

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Utilization of Sorghum Forage, Millet Forage, Veldt Grass and Buffel Grass by Tswana Sheep and Goats when Fed Lablab purpureus L. as Protein Supplement

  • Aganga, A.A.;Autlwetse, M.N.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제13권8호
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    • pp.1127-1132
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    • 2000
  • Forty yearling Tswana sheep and goats (20 sheep and 20 goats) of both sexes were used in a feeding trial conducted in Botswana College of Agriculture (B.C.A) Content Farm in Gaborone for three months. The animals were randomized into four treatment groups of five animals per species balancing for weight and sex such that average initial weights were not statistically different. The sheep and goats were individually housed and fed under a common roof. All the animals were fed on Lablab purpureus L. as a protein supplement which was 40% of the ration. In addition to L.purpureus L. the control groups of both species were fed on 60% Cenchrus ciliaris L. as basal diet. The other three treatment groups were fed on different forages namely; sorghum forage (Sorghum sudanense (Piper) Stapf), millet forage (Pearl millet, Pennisetum typhoides (Burm.) Stapf and Hubb.) and veldt grass mainly Urochloa mosambicensis (Hack.) as basal diet (60%). Water was provided individually to all the animals on ad lib. basis. Daily intakes of feed and water were recorded and weighing of the animals was done every two weeks. The collected data were analysed statistically for differences. Average daily weight gain by Tswana sheep was significantly different (p<0.05), sheep fed on millet forage had a higher daily weight gain $(120.24{\pm}8.91g)$ compared with sheep fed on veldt grass $(92.86{\pm}6.94g)$. Treatment effects on daily total DM intake by sheep were significant, the control group (C. ciliaris L.) had higher intake $(705.77{\pm}10.22g)$ and those fed on sorghum forage had the least intake $(668.10{\pm}10.70g)$. There was no significant difference (p>0.05) in the average daily weight gain by Tswana goats and it was 84.52, 73.81, 83.33 and 78.57 g for goats fed on C. ciliaris L., sorghum forage, millet forage and veldt grass respectively. Average daily total DM intake by goats was 655.27, 652.64, 650.07 and 650.94 g for C. ciliaris L., sorghum forage, millet forage and veldt grass respectively. Feed conversion efficiency was 8.00, 8.98, 7.93 and 8.34 for goats fed on C. ciliaris L., sorghum forage, millet forage and veldt grass respectively and were not significantly different (p>0.05).

중부 및 남부지역에서 재배환경과 재배기술의 차이가 사료용 옥수수의 생산성에 미치는 영향 (Impact of Different Environmental Conditions and Cultivation Techniques on Productivity of Forage Corn in Central and Southern Area of Korea)

  • 최기준;이기원;최기춘;황태영;김지혜;김원호;이은자;성경일;정종성
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제39권4호
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    • pp.195-206
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    • 2019
  • 본 연구는 사료용 옥수수 재배현장에서 재배환경과 재배기술의 현장적용 차이에 따른 조사료 생산성의 변화 요인을 분석하기 위하여 2017부터 2018년까지 수행되었다. 우리나라 중부 및 남부지역에서 34개 사료용 옥수수 재배지의 평균 건물수량은 13,510kg/ha이였다. 재배현장에서 사료용 옥수수의 생산성은 재배환경과는 상관이 거의 없고 재배기술과 고도의 상관(p<0.01)이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 재배기술 중에서 파종기술은 조사료 생산성과 고도의 상관이 있었으나, 시비기술은 조사료 생산성과 상관이 거의 없었다. 이상의 연구결과는 사료용 옥수수의 조사료 생산성 향상을 위해서는 재배환경도 중요하지만 재배기술을 적기에 적용하는 것이 더 중요함을 암시하고 있다. 따라서 우리나라 지역별 사료용 옥수수의 생산성 예측기술의 정밀도를 높이기 위해서는 그 지역의 기후환경 및 토양환경은 물론 재배기술의 현장실천 정도를 충분히 고려하여야 할 것으로 사료된다.

예취가 쌀보리 품종의 청초생산과 종실수량에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Cut on Forage Production and Grain Yield of Naked Barley Cultivars)

  • 강영길;강형식
    • 한국작물학회지
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    • 제36권4호
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    • pp.294-299
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    • 1991
  • 제주지방에 있어서 청초 및 종실 겸용재배에 알맞은 쌀보리 품종을 선발하고 재배유형과 품종과의 상호작용을 구명하고자 8개의 국내 장려품종을 종실단용구(11월 5일 파종), 겸용재배구 I (9월 27일 파종 ; 11월 1일, 12월 10일, 2월 l0일 예취), 겸용재배구 II(10월 17일, 파종; 12월 10일, 2월 10일 예취)에서 각각 재배하여 건초수량, 예취 후 생육, 종실수량 등을 조사한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1 겸용재배구 I의 평균 건초 수량은 195-296 kg/10a이었고 새쌀보리와 내한쌀보리의 건초 수량이 280, 296kg/10a으로 다른 품종보다 많았으나 겸용재배구 II의 평균 건초수량은 106-143kg/10a으로 품종간 유의한 차이가 없었다. 2 성숙기, 도복정도, 흰가루병 이병정도, 천립종, 종실수량은 품종과 재배유형간의 상호작용이 유의하였고 출수기, 엽면적지수와 건물중, $m^2$당 수수, 수당 입수, 1ι중은 재배유형간에 차이가 없었다. 겸용재배구 I, II에서 종실단용구에 비하여 출수가 3일 늦어 졌고 간장과 수장이 단축되는 경향이었다. 3. 5월 6일 비바람에 기인되었던 도복은 겸용재배구 I에서 적었다. 성숙기 도복은 송학보리와 내한쌀보리를 제외하고는 겸용재배구 I, II에서 적었다. 흰가루병 이병정도는 내병성 품종에서는 재배유형간 차이가 없었지만 이병성 품종에서는 겸용재배구 I, II에서 적었다. 4 8개 품종 평균 종실수량은 종실단용구와 겸용재배구 I 에서 각각 352, 344kg/10a로 비슷하였으나 겸용재배구 II에서 종실단용구에 비하여 9% 감소하였다. 겸용재배구 II에서만 새쌀보리와 향천과 001의 종실수량이 종실단용구에 비하여 유의성 있게 적었다. 5. 건초 및 종실수량, 도복 등을 고려하여 볼때 겸용재배에 적합한 품종은 송학보리였다.

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Oxalate Accumulation in Forage Plants: Some Agronomic, Climatic and Genetic Aspects

  • Rahman, M.M.;Kawamura, O.
    • Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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    • 제24권3호
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    • pp.439-448
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    • 2011
  • Oxalic acid is synthesized by a wide range of plants. A few of them are forage plants that can cause oxalate poisoning in ruminants under certain conditions. In this paper, the role of some agronomic, climatic and genetic factors in minimizing oxalate accumulation in forage plants has been discussed. Research indicates that the content of oxalate in forage can be controlled by fertilizer application. For example, nitrate application resulted in higher contents of soluble and insoluble oxalates than ammonium application. With an increased rate of potassium application, soluble oxalate content showed an increasing trend and insoluble oxalate content showed a decreasing trend. With an increased rate of calcium application, soluble oxalate content showed a decreasing trend and insoluble oxalate content showed a reverse trend. Other agronomic factors such as growing season, harvesting practices, plant maturity, plant species, plant variety and plant parts can also have a large effect on oxalate accumulation. However, the potential benefits of the above approaches for improving forage quality have not been fully exploited. In addition, there is still insufficient information to fully utilize means (e.g. plant nutrients, season and soil moisture) to minimize oxalate accumulation in forage plants. Therefore, more research is required for a better understanding of the interactions between oxalate and the above-mentioned factors in forage plants.

사료용 수수 ( Sorghum bicolor X S. bicolor ) 생육에 대한 정수 슬러지 ( alum sludge ) 의 시용효과 (Effects of Alum Sludge Application on the Growth of Forage Sorghum ( Sorghum bicolor X S. bicolor ))

  • 김상덕;장기운;임재신;김영한
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제17권1호
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    • pp.51-58
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    • 1997
  • An experiment of alum sludge application was carried out on a mountainous site, to know its effect on the growth of forage sorghum hybrid, Pioneer 93 1 (Sorghum bicolor x S. bicolor). When alum sludge with 80% water content was applied at the level of 133 ton per ha, the effect of the application on the growth of Pioneer 931 was much smaller than that of chemical fertilizer. But Eresh yield of the forage, with the sludge application, was greater than that without fertilizer when the soil is not fertile. But when the soil was comparatively fertile, the sludge application gave an adverse affect on the growth of the forage plant. The content of exchangeable K in the soil has a very close positive relation with the Eresh yield and plant height of the plant, while that of exchangeable Ca has a close negative relation with those growing factors. There was a tendency of yield decrease of the forage plant, when alum or compost was applied with NPK to the comparatively infertile soil especially for alum sludge. As a result, when soil is not fertile more attention will be necessary for applying alum sludge with chemical fertilizers. But to soil with better fertility, it is recommended to use alum sludge with chemical fertilizer to obtain more yield of the forage plant.

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목초 및 사료작물 정부장려품종의 지역적응성 평가 V. 이탈리안 라이그라스의 사초수량과 사료가치 (Evaluaton of the Government Recommended Forage Cultivars in Korea V. Forage performance and quality of Italian ryegrass cultivars)

  • 김동암;김문철;전우복;신정남;권찬호;금종성;임상훈
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제18권1호
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    • pp.11-18
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    • 1998
  • Twelve Italian ryegrass (Lolium mult~flomm L.) cultivars have recommended as the government recommended forage cultivars since 1984, however, the forage performance and quality have been mostly tested at two locations, such as Suweon and Sunghwan in the Middle Northwestern and Middle Southwestern Coast Regions, respectively. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of already recommended twelve government Italian ryegrass cultivars at five scattered locations, such as Icheon, Suweon, Sunghwan, Keon- and Kwangju from 1992 to 1995 with the intention of improving recommendations to dairy farmers. Cultivars with more dry matter yield than the control 'Tetrone' were 'Tosca' , 'Bartissimo' , 'Florida 80' and 'Gordo' in the Middle Northwestern Coast Region ; 'Tosca' , 'Florida 80' , 'Bartissimo' , 'Wencke' and 'Gordo' in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region ; 'Tosca' , 'Florida 80' , 'Sikem' , 'Bartissimo' , 'Wencke' and 'Gordo' in the Keongbuk Inland Region; 'Florida 80', 'Tosca' , 'Barmultra' and 'Bartissimo' in the Southern Inland Region and 'Florida 80' , 'Gordo' , 'Sikem' , 'Bartissimo' and 'Tosca' in the Southern Coast Region. At all the locations in 1992-95, 'Florida 80' produced the highest forage yield and showed earliness, but this cultivar was less cold tolerant in the Middle Northwestern and Middle Southwestern Coast Regions and grew tall which made it vulnerable to lodging in all the exprimental regions except the Southern Coast. Differences among the ryegrass cultivars for the three year mean ADF and NDF were small and inconsistent.

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서양금혼초(Hypochoeris radicata) 우점 초지에서 제초제 처리 및 파종방법이 목초의 수량 및 식생에 미치는 영향 (Effects of Sowing Methods after Herbicide Application on Forage Production and Botanical Composition in the Pasture Dominated Hypochoeris radicata)

  • 박남건;고서봉;이종언;진신흠
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제21권3호
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2001
  • This study was carried out to determine the effects of sowing methods after herbicide application on botanical composition, forage yield and chemical contents in the pasture dominated Hypochoeris radicata in Jeju area over two years. It was arranged as a randomized block design with five treatrnents(contro1: none, TI : herbicide application, T2 : herbicide application + oversowing, T3 : herbicide application + overdrilling, T4 : herbicide application + cultivation). In the pasture dominated Hypochoeris radicata, the herbicide (dicamba) treatments improved grass rate with orchardgrass and perennial ryegrass by 97%. The DM yield per ha were much higher(p<0.05) in T2(7,152kg), T3(7,608kg) and T4(8,010kg) than that of control. The chemical compositions of grass (% of DM basis) were not different among treatments, but the overdrilling and cultivation treatments tended to increase the forage crude protein(CP). These results indicate that oversowing or overdrilling after herbicide application can efficiently improve botanical compositions and forage productivity in the pasture dominated Hypochoeris radicata. (Key words : Herbicide, Sowing methods, Botanical composition, Forage production)

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고산지대 초지에서 생산된 화본과목초의 사료가치 (Forage Quality of Several Grasses Grown ay a High Altitude Pasture)

  • 김동암;한건준
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제14권1호
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    • pp.18-26
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    • 1994
  • Forage quality evaluation with several grasses grown at a high altitude pasture situated at 1,000m above sea level was made to determine what is the feed value of these grasses and whether these grasses have any differences in forage quality compared with the grdsses grown at lowland pastures. In this experiment, Common, Venture, and Palaton reed canarygrass (Phahris arundinucea L.) and Climax timothy (Phleum pratense L.) were used and harvested at two different dates, 5 July and 30 September, 1989. Cmde protein (CP) concentrations in the grasses grown in September were higher than in July. Among the grasses grown, Palaton and Common reed canarygrass were highest in CP concentration in July and September, respectively. Acid detergent fiber (ADF) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) concentrations in the grasses harvested in July were higher than in September. Palaton reed canruygrass was lowest in ADF and NDF concentrations at the both harvest dates. Relative feed value (RFV) in the grases harvested in July was ranged from 92 to 105 and that in September was from 110 to 117. Palation reed canarygrass had the highest RFV of 105 and 117 in July and September, respectively, therefore, the forage quality of this grass was ranked as Grade 2 based on the AFGC Hay Quality Standards. Overall forage quality of the grasses grown at a high altitude pasture seemed to be higher than the forage quality at lowland pastures. Based on the RFV assigned by the AFGC, forages with RFV 92 to 117 in this experiment could only work well in rations for low producing dairy cows.

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목초 및 사료작물 정부장려품종의 지역적응성 평가 2.. 유채품종의 사초수량 및 사료가치 (Evaluaton of the Government Recommended Forage Cultivars in Korea 2. Forage performance and quality of rape)

  • 김동암;신정남;최기춘;권찬호;금종성;민두홍
    • 한국초지조사료학회지
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    • 제17권3호
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    • pp.231-238
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    • 1997
  • Six rape (Brassica napus subsp. oleifera) cultivars have been recommended as the government recommended forage cultivars since 1984, however, the forage performance and quality have been mostly tested at two locations, such as Suweon in the Middle Northwestern Coast Region and Sunghwan in the Middle Southwestern Coast Region. Therefore, the objective of this experiment was to retest the forage performance and quality of already recommended four government rape cultivars at five scattered locations, such as Icheon, Suweon, Sunghwan, Keongsan and Kwangju fiom 1992 to 1994 with the intention of improving recommendations to dairy farmers. Among the rape cultivars tested, 'Bamapoli' and 'Sparta' (including 'Ramon' at Kwangju) gave the highest yields at all locations in 1992-94, whereas 'Akela' had the lowest yield. Mean plant heights varied fiom 50 to 69cm and 'Bamapoli' was the tallest rape, followed by 'Sparta', 'Ramon' and 'Akela' at all locations. Mean ADF contents for rape cultivars ranged fiom 16.7% for 'Akela' to 19.3% for 'Bamapoli', while mean NDF contents ranged fiom 22.3% for 'Akela' to 24.9% for 'Bamapoli'. The government recommended rape cultivars tested were generally well adapted across the country, however, in forage production situations in the fall where high yield is more important, 'Bamapoli', 'Sparta' and 'Ramon' might be preferable.

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