• Clean Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.83-90
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• 2005

This paper is about a new method of synthesis organic tanning agent (polymer, polyphenol, polyresin) and discusses their tanning property. It was found that properties of the leather manufactured with application of organic tanning agent were similar to those applied with conventional chrome tanning agent and reducing effects of Cr, T-N, COD, SS concentrations in the effluent.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Dyers and Finishers Conference
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• 2011.03a
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• pp.112-112
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• 2011

가구용으로 제조되는 가죽(Leather)은 대부분 화학적인 약품을 이용하여 코팅을 진행하기 때문에 현대사회에서 추구하는 친환경적인 면에서 미흡한 면이 있다. 그래서 예전부터 전해오는 전통적인 방법인 나무 및 식물에서 추출한 천연 탄닝제인 Minosa, Quebracho, Chestnut, Tara 등을 사용하여 가죽을 제조하고, 자연그대로의 맞을 살릴 수 있는 전통 코팅 방법인 옻을 이용하여 가죽에 코팅하는 가죽 제조 연구를 진행하였다. 옻은 방부성, 항균성, 아토피 피부염 예방, 자연스러움 등이 우수한 친환경적인 코팅제 재료이다. 특히, 현대 실내용 가구의 친환경적인 코팅제에 대한 관심이 증가하면서 주목을 받는 천연 물질이다. 본 연구에서는 천연 탄닝제를 이용하여 가죽 원단(Curst)에 옻의 주성분인 우르시올(Urushiol)을 이용하여 패딩, 스프레이, 롤코터 등의 다양한 방법으로 코팅 처리 후 가죽의 물성 및 특성을 연구하였다. 연구 결과 제조된 옻 코팅 가죽은 고기능성을 가질 뿐 만 아니라, 안락감과 고감성을 지니는 최고급 소파 소재로 다양한 표면 효과를 창출할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2006

Flesh wasters from tannery create major environmental problems. Despite their considerable fat content, these waster do not find important usage. Their disposal is also troublesome and costly. We have investigated the possible use of this fat as the production of biodiesel(fatty acid methyl esters) by transesterification using with fossil fuels. The fat released the waste by boiling water under the optimal condition (i.e., temperature, $120^{\circ}C;$ decompression, 200mbar) and used to dry without refining for the production of fatty acid methyl esters. Under the optimal condition, the experimental value of biodiesel yield was about 96%. The result of the chemical and GC analysis showed fatty acid composition and characteristics of biodiesel. Evaluation of the product indicated that it was suitable for use as a biodiesel fuel. In result of this experiment oil extract from fleshing process can be transformed into an environmentally affination fuel, to provide economical and ecological profits.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.21-39
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• 1989

This paper is to determine the clothing and footwear of urban household consumption expenditures and an analysis of historical data from relevant literature. Particularly, time-series and cross sectional analysis techniques are adopted in analysing the patterns of clothing and footwear consumption expenditures of urban households. Finally, this paper estimates consumption expenditures in the future by comparing these revealed data with the Korea and Japan. Annual Report on the family Income and Expenditure Survey and M.R.A. in S.P.S.S. were used. The results can be summarized as follows: 1. The proportion of the clothing and footwear expenditure has decreased with the increase of income in urban household during 1976-1987. 2.1) Household consumption function by Income group, the Lower group is higher than the other group. 2) Household consumption function by Occupation of household head. Income elasticity estimation in administrative managerial workers is higher than the other group. 3) Household consumption function by Family size. Income elasticity estimation in 6 Persons is higher than the other group. But 4 Persons is higher in 1986. 4) Household consumption function by Age of household head. Income elasticity estimation in 50 Years and over is higher than the other group. 3. Comparison of characteristics of clothing and footwear consumption expenditures in Korea and Japan were M.R.A. Generally, the priority correlation order for Korea is Outwear, Sweaters and Shirt, Other clothing. For Japan, the order is Sweaters and Shirts, Underwear, Services.

• Clean Technology
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.51-56
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• 2005

In this paper we prepared dextrin dialdehyde (DAS) of a different oxidation ratio (aldehyde content) and examined their properties and discussed their tanning mechanism. DAS was produced by reacting dextrin in aqueous medium with periodate ion used in a molar ratio between periodate and glucose of 0.3 to 1.0 at a temperature of 20 to $45^{\circ}C$. Since DAS reacts with amino group, DAS may have tanning property of aldehyde tanning agent (formaldehyde, glutaraldehyde).

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.347-353
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• 2007

Fleshing scrap is a kind of wastes produced during leather making process and used in the test of manufacturing biodiesel. The early step of manufacturing biodiesel is fat recovery from fleshing scrap. Hence, we investigated the influence of the way of fat recovery on the fatty acid composition. We used three different recovery ways, that is chemical method by protein decomposition with acid/fat recovering, physical method by protein denaturalization with heat and vacuum/fat pressing, and biodiesel method by protein decomposition/fat recovering. The biological method yielded the best results in terms of appearance transparency. It was most effective to lower acid value. Also the recovered fat by biological method would be favorable methyl-ester reaction raw material for biodiesel because it contains more than 5% of oleic acid among unsaturated fatty acid.

• Archives of design research
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.211-220
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• 2001

The general characteristics of the elder gait are to show a tendency that stride length and cycle decrease compared with those of adult, then walk velocity decreases. Despite differences by age in design of elder footwear, the study on characteristics of elderly gait is few. This study aims to compare pressure distributions of elderly foot with those of young students by using EMED. The ground contact time on foot was longer than that of university students in Result. Elderly males and females have 1.12 times and 1.20 times greater maximum force over the whole areas on the foot during walking than that of younger males and females, respectively. The elderly have long ground contact time at the middle foot. The guidelines which should be considered in designing shoes for the elderly are proposed. The results can be applied to design of the elder footwear on the basis of ergonomics.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.18 no.6 s.91
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• pp.31-36
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• 2006

Study has been made for producing anionic surfactant using waste fleshing scraps from the leather making process through refining, esterification, sulfonation and blending processes. As a most optimum lard oil refining method, refining was carried out for 4 hours under temperature of $120^{\circ}C$ and approximately 200 mbar vacuum, which gave a recovery of more than 80% lard oil. Refined lard oil obtained thus was undergone methlyl-esterification, then sulfonated to make a degreasing agent. By methyl-esterification using lard oil, more than 85% of fatty acid and $12{\sim}13%$ of glycerine were extracted from the oil. Sulfonation of the extracted fatty acid ester lard oil has shown most optimum at $15{\sim}20%$ chlorosulfonic acid content, and the content of bonding sulfate at this time was higher than 3.5%. Finally the followed anionic surfactant having degreasing force of 80% and higher could be made by blending process.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.159-165
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• 2017

In this study, we synthesized UV-curable urethane acrylates with different contents of BA, reactive diluent and characterized their physical properties such as thermal, mechanical properties, adhesive strength and flexibility resistance. From a result of DSC, Tg of polyol and acrylate resin were separated as the BA content increased more than 40%. Also, tensile strength, elongation and adhesive strength decreased with increasing the BA content. The UV-curable urethane acrylate with 40% BA has shown good flexibility resistance compared to other resin due to poor hardness and Tm of acrylate resin.

• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.8
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• pp.61-86
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• 2002

This study is focused on how to effectively support Busan regional footwear companies in partnership with parent company, in particular how to lead a mutual supplementary relationship with the minor firms while improving the efficiency in strategic outsourcing. Recently, The Korean Footwear Industries and companies are making a lot of efforts to enhance the structure of high expenditure and low efficiency as a means of recovering their competitiveness. As a domestic companies have a tendency to almost all the tasks on bloc, it is true that their competitiveness is on the rapid decline for they prefer self-reliance on the premise that all the production should be dealt with for themselves. It is strategic outsourcing that is taken into account as a strategic vehicle for converting such self-reliance into the system of low expenditure and high efficiency. This study also conducted questionnaire researches, designed to find out the difference between the parent company and minor firms in the recognition and contentment on the purchasing and supplying activities. The result of the questionnaire researches went through further analysis and study to give a reasonable alternatives.