• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.421-431
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• 2008

Purpose: Using comprehensive and valid instrument, MDS-HC 2.0, this study aimed to analyze the functional status and to evaluate the care needs of the community-dwelling disabled with cerebral impairment. Method: With a convenient sample of 88 disabled with cerebral impairment, the data were collected at a community health center located in rural area in Choongchung providence in August 2005. Subject's functional status and care needs were evaluated using Minimum Data Set-Home Care version 2.0. Result: Significant proportion of subjects were totally dependent for locomotion-outdoor (26.1%), personal hygiene (24.1%), bathing (24.1%). For IADLs, over 40% of subjects were totally dependent for ordinary house work, managing finances, or shopping. Top five ranked care needs were preventive health care measures (100%), communication disorders (71.6%), visual function (55.7%), health promotion (52.3%), and pressure ulcers (48.9%). The proportion of triggered clinical assessment protocols were significantly higher in disability level I group for the risk of institutionalization (p=<.001), communication disorders (p=.004), cognitive problems (p=.001), pressure ulcers (p=<.001), skin and foot conditions (p=.010), and urinary incontinence and indwelling catheters (p=<.001). Conclusions: It is necessary to provide community based rehabilitation services that are individualized for their service needs thus enhance optimal level of functioning.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.171-181
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• 2009

This study was carried out to evaluate a musculoskeletal symptom and the work posture of the nurses in an operating room who have worked in the present department for more than one year. The job analysis of operating room nurses for ergonomic work posture analysis is divided into 14 tasks. On the basis of that, a survey research and ergonomic work posture analysis are also carried out. Among 41 operating room nurses of a cancer center in Kyonggi province who responded to the self-administered questionnaire, 20 nurses were observed and videorecorded to apply Rapid Entire Body Assessment(REBA) to ergonomic work posture analysis from April 16, 2007 to May 18, 2007. The results of analysis are as follows. The prevalence rate of musculoskeletal symptoms was 75.6% and its prevalence rates by part of the body are these followings; lower back and leg/foot 43.9%, shoulder 36.6%, neck 34.1%, hand/wrist/ finger 22.0%, arm/elbow 14.6%. In accordance with the results of ergonomic work posture analysis, 4 tasks that have a REBA score of 8 have high-risk levels and require an immediate management. It shows there is a significant correlation with overall musculoskeletal symptoms and objective workloads that are estimated by REBA. In conclusion, the work conditions of operating room nurses should be improved. It is also necessary that inappropriate work postures and ergonomic work conditions are improved to prevent musculoskeletal disorders of operating room nurses.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.69-79
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• 2012

Importance of the work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) has been increasing in the hospital industry such as health care industry and financial industry. This study investigated in order to identify the factors like general, occupational and ergonomically characteristics of the subjects related to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) of physical therapists (PTs). Ergonomic tools of rapid upper limb assessment (RULA) were used for evaluation workload of the tasks. Prevalence of MSDs were 13 PTs (26.0%) for neck, 31 PTs (62.0%) for shoulder, 9 PTs (18.0%) for arm/elbow, 27 PTs (54.0%) for hand/wrist, 28 PTs (56.0%) for back, 14 PTs (28.0%) for leg/foot. The analysis of the rate of the pain intensity showed that 53.5% subjects experience moderate pain and 14.0% subjects experience severe pain. Factors which were general characteristics, for example, height, ergonomically characteristics such as 'Posture Score A' were related musculoskeletal subjective symptoms in logistic analysis (p<.05). Among physical therapists, action level of RULA were action level 2 (6.0%), action level 3 (52.0%), action level 4 (42.0%). Physical therapists were estimated one of the highest risk factor in this study. This study suggested that the need of preventive education and program for PTs (physical therapists). Comprehensive and systematic management plans should be established to include both ergonomic and sociopsychological aspects.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.143-150
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• 1992

The purpose of this study is to obtain the effective concentration of capsaicin to relieve pain with no change in the number of C-fibers and its effective duration for pain relief. Capsaicin has been used extremely as a experimental tool and as topical medications for acute or chronic tissue injuries and partial nerve injury is the main cause of causalgiform pain disorders in humans. Here, the left sciatic nerve was ligated unilaterally at the high level of the thigh to prepare an animal model of this pain condition. The rat developed guarding behavior of the ipsilateral hind paw within a few hours after the operation and this behavior was maintained for several months thereafter, suggesting the possibility of spontaneous pain. These animals were divided into two groups(4-week & 8-week) and each group was subdivided into five groups by different concentration (0.05, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0 & 2.0%). Each capsaicin concentration was treated locally on the spinal cord-side of the ligated nerve and the foot withdrawal latency was measured. Thereafter, the dorsal roots of L5 were removed from both sides immediately after in tracardial perfusion for the counting of C-fibers by the histological procedure. There were no significant differences in the foot-withdrawal latency and the number of C-fibers between the left side treated with 0.05% capsaicin and the right side treated with the vehicle. However, latencies of the left sides treated with 0.1, 0.5, and 1.0% capsaicin increased significantly throughout 4-6 weeks with almost no change in the number of C-fibers, and the latencies showed the trends to approach slowly to those of the conditions after operation. The latency of subgroup treated with 2.0% increased by approximate 10% more than that of the right side throughout 8 weeks, and the number of C-fibers decreased by about 30% or more These results suggest that the elevated latency with capsaicin(0.1-1.0%) treatment is due to the inhibition of impulse transmission throughout the primary afferent fiber and the data from 2.0% are due to partial destruction of C-fibers. Therefore, capsaicin concentrations from 0.1% to 1.0% are probably very effective for the treatment of causalgiform pain with almost no destruction of C-fibers.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.135-143
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• 2015

Objective: The purposes of this study are to investigate ergonomic problems and to propose their improving measures in office environment of big general hospitals. Background: Office tasks have varying risk factors of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs). The first symptom resulted from the office work was recognized as an occupational disease in Korea in 1986. Although the symptoms have increased since its first recognition, there has been few study on the effect of office work environment settings. Method: First, the author took pictures of working scenes performed in three big university hospitals. Next, the pictures were analyzed in view point of ergonomics. Based on the analysis, their improving measures were proposed for reducing work stress. Results: The results showed that most physical office environment settings such as dimensions of tables/desks and chairs, leg room, thigh, knee and foot clearances, and chairs used did not satisfy the ergonomically recommended design guidelines. In addition, some clerks placed personal belongings under their desks, put monitors in high position and did not lean against the backrest of chairs in seated tasks, which resulted in poor working postures of leg, back, neck etc. It is recommended that the hospital management should provide their clerks with ergonomically designed office furniture and continuously perform ergonomics training program for raising clerks' recognition for office ergonomics. Conclusion: Most office environment settings investigated in this study were not in good condition in view point of ergonomic design for the settings. Application: It would be useful as basic data for establishing ergonomically good office environment in hospitals.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.51 no.1
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• pp.1-29
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• 2020

Diabetes mellitus, commonly known as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders characterized by high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period. Diabetes has been found to show many acute complications such as cardiovascular disease, stroke, chronic kidney disease, foot ulcer and damage to eyes. Korean ginseng (Panax ginseng) has been traditionally known to normalize the functional deficiencies of the lung, spleen and stomach, and thus improve the secretion of body fluids, thereby quenching thirst, suggesting it to be effective in the treatment of diabetes. Experimental studies (in vitro and in vivo) have recently shown that Korean ginseng and its extracts exhibit antidiabetic effects, and also insulin secretion and sensitizing effects related to blood glucose control. Moreover, clinical trials on antidiabetic effects of Korean ginseng have been reported to show blood glucose control, improvement of insulin resistance, reduction of postprandial blood glucose level and improvement of serum lipids (TG, TC, LDL-C). These will be critically examined by means of in vitro studies, cell experiment, animal models and human trials with a focus on understanding of molecular mechanisms.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.131-143
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to compare the ground reaction forces and plantar pressure variables among three different safety shoes (Type 1: ergonomically designed and high quality shoes, 2: curved and cushioned safety hoes, and 3: regular safety shoes) and to find the effect of insole during walking. Ten healthy subjects were recruited for this study. The ground reaction force was measured using a 3 dimensional motion analysis system. Plantar pressures were measured Pedar Mobile foot pressure scan system. The ground reaction force variables were not significantly different among three different shoe types and insole conditions. After insertion insole, plantar pressure distributions were improved. These results suggest that the type 1 safety shoes was superior than other safety shoes in the statistics, and applying insole could be a possible method to prevent fatigue of lower extremity and musculoskeletal disorders. Further studies are needed to find the effect of ergonomically designed safety shoes design and insole on practical value prevention of musculoskeletal disorder, fatigue and satisfaction of workers.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.93-99
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• 2011

Background: Rocker bottom shoes (RBS) are popular among patients with different foot, leg, or back problems in Korea. Patients with knee osteoarthritis concurrent weakness in the quadriceps femoris muscle, who wear these shoes, are often assumed to develop piriformis syndrome (PS). This study was performed to improve the understanding about the effect of wearing such shoes on duration of the syndrome in knee osteoarthritis. Methods: We randomly assigned 150 patients with PS, who had used RBS daily for at least 6 months, to 2 groups, the S (stopped wearing) and K (kept wearing) groups. Both the groups were subdivided into the O and N groups, comprising patients with and without knee osteoarthritis, respectively. The effects of the treatment, including piriformis muscle injections and a home exercise program, were compared between the 2 groups by using a flexion-adduction-internal rotation (FAIR) test, a numeric rating scale (NRS), and the revised Oswestry disability index (ODI) during the 12-week follow-up. Results: The positive FAIR test ratios, mean NRS scores, and revised ODIs were higher in the KO group than the SN group from 4-12 weeks after treatment. Conclusions: RBS may extend duration of the PS in osteoarthritis patients.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.17 no.3_4
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• pp.51-58
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• 2010

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine changes of postural sway between the normal group and treatment group of same people through COP movements. Methods: Fifty men with no history of sensory, neurological and orthopedic disorders were participated in this study. Participants were tested on single limb balance during 30 seconds on EMED system with bared foot. Each of them performed two methods and 5 trials totally each method: (1) non-treated group (2) treated group(with big toe flexion limitation). Data on the moving length, average velocity, instantaneous maximum velocity, mediolateral(x axis) maximum velocity, and anteroposterior(y axis) maximum velocity of COP were measured in single limb standing position. Results: The moving length and average velocity of COP were significant difference between normal and treatment group(p<0.05). On correlation of parameters, the faster average velocity of COP, the higher moving length, instantaneous maximum velocity, mediolateral maximum velocity, and anteroposterior maximum velocity of COP increase. The more Instantaneous maximum velocity of COP, the faster is anteroposterior maximum velocity of COP. Conclusions: Limitation of big toe flexors function affected single limb balance of the normal.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.151-158
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• 1999

Neuropathy is a common and often debilitating complication of diabetes, Diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DN) includes a variety of different disorders that affect the peripheral nervous system. The most common type of DN is the predominantly sensory distal polyneuropathy. Typically, symptoms begin in the foot and proximally during the course of the discease, reflecting the fact that longer fibres are involved earlier that shorter ones. Reviewed the pathogenesis, the diagnosis of DN, the gait pattern and the excercise, the treatment of pain in DN patient.