• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.280-287
• /
• 2016

Foot and mouth disease (FMD) has a long history in Sri Lanka and was found to be endemic in various parts of the country and constitutes a constant threat to farmers. In Sri Lanka, currently there is no regular, nationwide vaccination programme devised to control FMD. Therefore, improving farmers' knowledge regarding distinguishing FMD from other diseases and ensuring prompt reporting of any suspicion of FMD as well as restricting movement of animals are critical activities for an effective FMD response effort. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to clarify the relationship between farmers' knowledge levels and their behaviors to establish a strategy to control FMD. In our study, item count technique was applied to estimate the number of farmers that under-report and sell FMD-infected animals, although to do so is prohibited by law. The following findings were observed: about 63% of farmers have very poor knowledge of routes of FMD transmission; 'under-reporting' was found to be a sensitive behavior and nearly 23% of the farmers were reluctant to report FMD-infected animals; and 'selling FMD-infected animals' is a sensitive behavior among high-level knowledge group while it is a non-sensitive behavior among the low-level knowledge group. If farmers would understand the importance of prompt reporting, they may report any suspected cases of FMD to veterinary officials. However, even if farmers report honestly, they do not want to cull FMD-infected animals. Thus, education programs should be conducted not only on FMD introduction and transmission, but also its impact. Furthermore, consumers may criticize the farmers for culling their infected animals. Hence, not only farmers, but also consumers need to be educated on the economic impact of FMD and the importance of controlling an outbreak. If farmers have a high knowledge of FMD transmission, they consider selling FMD-infected animals as a sensitive behavior. Therefore, severe punishment should be levied for selling FMD-infected animals.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
• /
• 제32권6호
• /
• pp.792-799
• /
• 2019

Objective: This study was conducted to evaluate whether the co-injection of antioxidants together with foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) vaccination has the potential to attenuate the negative effects caused by vaccination in Holstein finishing steers. Methods: A total of 36 finishing Holstein steers (body weight [BW]: $608{\pm}45.6kg$, 17 months old) were randomly allocated to one of three treatments: i) control (CON, only FMD vaccination without any co-injection), ii) co-injection of commercial non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) with FMD vaccination at a ratio of 10:1 (NSAID vol/FMD vaccine vol) as a positive control (PCON), iii) co-injection of commercial mixture of vitamin E and selenium with FMD vaccination (VITESEL) (1 mL of FMD vaccine+1 mL of antioxidants per 90 kg of BW). Changes in growth performance and blood parameters because of treatments were determined. Results: No significant difference in BW, average daily gain, and dry matter intake of the steers was observed among the treatments. The FMD vaccination significantly increased white blood cells (WBC), neutrophils, platelets, and mean platelet volume (p<0.01) in blood analysis. The count of lymphocyte tended to increase after vaccination (p = 0.08). In blood analysis, steers in VITESEL tended to have higher numbers of WBC, neutrophils, and platelets compared to that of other treatments (p = 0.09, 0.06, and 0.09, respectively). Eosinophils in VITESEL were higher than those in PCON (p<0.01). Among blood metabolites, blood urea nitrogen and aspartate transaminase were significantly increased, but cholesterol, alanine transferase, inorganic phosphorus, Mg, and albumin were decreased after FMD vaccination (p<0.01). Conclusion: The use of antioxidants in FMD vaccination did not attenuate growth disturbance because of FMD vaccination. The metabolic changes induced by vaccination were not controlled by the administration of antioxidants. The protective function of antioxidants was effective mainly on the cell counts of leukocytes.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제20권10호
• /
• pp.425-432
• /
• 2019

본 연구는 한국언론진흥재단 BIGKinds를 통해 수집한 구제역 등의 축산 질병 관련 보도가 소비자의 육류소비에 미치는 영향요인들을 알아보기 위하여 생존 분석을 이용하여 분석하였다. 소비자 구매자료는 농촌진흥청의 농식품 소비자 패널조사 자료를 이용하였으며, 생존시간에 대한 분석결과 국내산 소고기와 돼지고기, 수입산 소고기와 돼지고기 모두에서 FMD(구제역) 보도가 유의한 영향을 미치며, FMD(구제역) 관련 보도로 인해 첫 구매율이 감소한 것으로 나타났다. 시간 의존 Cox 비례 해저드 모형을 이용하여 세부적으로 분석한 결과 모든 모형은 5% 유의수준에서 유의한 것으로 분석되었다. 각 모형에서 공통적으로 유의한 것으로 분석된 것은 FMD 관련 보도 건수로 나타났다. 2010년 국내산과 수입산 돼지고기의 Haz. Ratio는 5% 유의수준에서 0.999로 나타나 FMD 관련 보도가 1건 증가할 때마다 첫 구매율은 0.999배 감소한 것으로 분석되었다. 반면 2015년 돼지고기의 Haz. Ratio는 2010년과는 다르게 1.001로 나타나 오히려 첫 구매율이 증가한 것으로 분석되었다. 소고기의 경우에도 돼지고기와 비슷한 결과가 나타났다. 본 연구는 소비자의 육류소비에 질병 관련 보도가 첫 구매에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지에 대해 원산지별, 육류별로 추정하여 보다 합리적인 생산 및 소비 활동에 필요한 정보를 제공하는 데 의의를 가지고 있다. 또한, 축산 질병 관련 보도가 지속되는 시간을 추정하여 제시함으로써 소비 판촉 등의 홍보에도 반영할 수 있을 것으로 여겨진다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.543-550
• /
• 2007

Purpose: Diabetic foot ulcer is a representative disease of chronic would with multiple defects of wound healing factors. Many nutrition factors have been known to be essential for wound healing, but objective data are lacking. The purpose of this study is to determine those factors essential for wound healing, and to find out which of those factors are lacking in diabetic foot ulcer patients through this pilot study. Methods: We studied 100 patients who visited our clinic from March 2005 to February 2006 for treatment of diabetic foot ulcers with a duration of more than 6 weeks. We checked serum levels of protein, albumin, vitamin A, C, E, iron, magnesium, zinc, copper and hemoglobin by drawing 23cc blood after 8 hours of fasting. Protein, albumin, iron, magnesium levels were measured by colorimetry; hemoglobin levels were measured by auto analysis. Vitamin levels were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), copper and zinc levels were measured by Inductively coupled plasma (ICP). They were compared with normal values. The patients were divided by transcutaneous oxygen pressure levels, age and sex to study the effects of these parameters. Results: 76% and 61% of patients had within-normal range serum protein and albumin levels, respectively. Among vitamins, only the level of vitamin C was low in 55% of the patients. Levels of vitamin A, E were normal or high in 93% and 100% of patients. As for trace elements, levels of iron and zinc were low in 63% and 60% of patients, but levels of magnesium and copper were usually normal or high. Levels of vitamin C, iron and zinc were lower in the low-transcutaneous oxygen pressure group. There were no definite differences according to age and sex. Conclusion: Serum levels of Hb, vitamin C, iron, zinc were low in most diabetic foot ulcer patients. The deficit was very severe in the low-transcutaneous oxygen pressure group.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
• /
• pp.380.1-380.1
• /
• 2002

Polygoni Radix. the root of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae) has been used as treatments of dermatitis. gonorrhrea. favus athlete's foot. inflammation in traditional medicine. Oxygen free radical injury and lipid peroxidation have been suggested as major causes of atherosclerosis. cancer. liver disease. and the aging process. In order to evaluate antHipid peroxidative effect. Polygoni Radix was fractionated and then its fractions were examined by liver homogenate MDA by TBARS assay and DPPH (1.1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity. (omitted)

• 대한수의학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.99-108
• /
• 1989

In order to observe the pathological changes of kidney in rabbits infected with the viral haemorrhagic disease, the kidney tissues from the 91 rabbits infected with the viral haemorrhagic disease were examined by light and electron microscopy. The results observed were as follows: 1. On light microscopic observation, the kidney lesions were identified as haemorrhagic glomerular necrosis(33.0%), membranous glomerulonephritis(20.9%), thrombotic glomerulopathy(19.8%), membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis(8.8%), mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis(8.8%) ischemic acute tubular necrosis(7.7%), and acute serous glomerulitis(6.6%). 2. On electron microscopic observation, cytoplasmic degeneration of mesangial cells, and irregular thickening of basement membranes with electron dense granular materials were observed. In podocytes swelling of mitochondria, dilatation of endoplasmic reticulum and extensive fusion of foot processes were also observed. Nonenveloped round icosahedral picornaviral particles with a diameter of 28~33nm were detected in the cytoplasm of degenerative endothelial cells, polymorphonuclear leucoytes, and monocytes.

• 한국운동역학회지
• /
• 제30권1호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2020

Objective: The study aimed to develop a functional performance index that evaluates the functional performance of Parkinson's patients, i.e., to integrate biomechanical measurements of walking, balance, muscle strength and tremor, and to use multiple linear regression with stepwise methods to identify the most suitable predictors for the progression of disease. Method: A total of 60 subjects were tested for sub-variables of four factors: walking, balance, isometric strength and hand tremors. Potential independet variables were extracted through correlation analysis of the sub-variables and dependent variables, Hoehn & Yahr scale. And then, a stepwise multiple regression analysis using the potential independent variables was performed to identify predictor of Hoehn & Yahr scale. Results: First, the results of the study showed that physical composition and gait had a relatively more correlated with the progression of the disease, compared to balance and hand tremor. Second, Parkinson's functional performance is characterized by dynamic pattern of walking, such as foot clearance and turning angle (TA) of walking, and a high-explained regression model is completed. Conclusion: The study emphasized the importance of walking variables and body composition in minor pathological features compared to Parkinson's patient's balancing ability and hand tremor. Specifically, it revealed that dynamic walking patterns functionally characterize patients. The results are worth considering when assessing functional performance related to the progression of the disease at the site.

• 한국환경농학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국환경농학회 2009년도 정기총회 및 국제심포지엄
• /
• pp.240-272
• /
• 2009

Recently, as Foot and Mouth disease(FMD) outbreaks in South-East Asia, Taiwan, China, we cannot loose our tense to sustain our FMD free country status. And we have increasing possibility of disease inflow because of continual outbreaks of FMD type A, O and Asia 1 in neighbored countries, foreign visitor and foreign workers. So we have to be urgently ready for strengthen surveillance, early-report and early-diagnosis. So the most important things in epidemic control of livestock are co-work between central and local epidemic control office and field epidemic control. However, potential risk for FMD recurrence and sporadic occurrence of epidemic disease still threaten our livestock farmhouse, so we have to be ready for bio-security against these threatening. For these reasons, I will introduce the concept, etiology and epidemiology of disease and investment/ analysis of health management standard of main animals like cattle and pig which is applied to the inside and outside of country. With these references, we have to manage livestock health management thoroughly by establishing livestock health management standard and notifying special veterinarian and livestock farmer of these standard. Later on, prevention and quarantine of epidemic outbreak and establishing livestock health management standard should be undertaken primarily for sustainable growth and stability of livestock farm industry.

• 사상체질의학회지
• /
• 제16권3호
• /
• pp.129-132
• /
• 2004

1. Objectives Besides Diabetes Mellitus, its complications are matter of concerns as well. Its following complications are cardiovascular disease, glomerulopathy, retinopathy, neuropathy and diabetic gangrene. These complications can cause overall damage in major organs. In traditional oriental medicine it has been perceived that gangrene is mainly caused by "hwa(火)" but under sasang constitutional medicine its has been diagnosed as Taeumin superficial-disease(太陰人 表病) and Taeumin Jowiseungchung-tang(調胃升淸湯) was prescribed. As a result, significal improvments was noted and thefore we report the outcome. 2. Methods We have given Taeumin Jowiseungchung-tang(太陰人 調胃升淸湯) to a patient for treating diabetes complications. 3. Results This patient was treated with Sasang Constitional Medicine and acupuncture for about three weeks. After treatment, ulcer and whole body edema were improved considerbly. 4. Conclusions We have dianosed the patient as Taeumin superficial-disease(太陰人 表病) by undergoing several diagnostic method used in sasang constutional medicine. Therefore we have given Taeumin Jowiseungchung-tang(太陰人 調胃升淸湯) to the patient and has obtained satisfactory results in curing several diabetic complications especially ulcer due to diabetes.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제26권8호
• /
• pp.1404-1408
• /
• 2016

In recent years, foot-and-mouth disease has occurred in all parts of the world. The animals with the disease are buried in the ground; therefore, their concentration could affect ground or groundwater. Moreover, the complete degradation of carcasses is not a certainty, and their disposal is important to prevent humans, livestock, and the environment from being affected with the disease. The treatment of Corynebacterium glutamicum is a feasible method to reduce the risk of carcass decomposition affecting humans or the environment. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of C. glutamicum on the soil environment with a carcass. The composition of amino acids in the soil treated with C. glutamicum was generally higher than those in the untreated soil. Moreover, the plant root in the soil samples treated with C. glutamicum had 84.0% amino acids relative to the standard value and was similar to that of the control. The results of this study suggest the possibility to reduce the toxicity of a grave land containing animals with this disease.