• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제17권1호
• /
• pp.62-72
• /
• 2023

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Many studies have revealed an association between fat mass and the obesity-related gene (FTO) and obesity. On the other hand, no meta-analysis was conducted with data from only Koreans. Therefore, this study performed a meta-analysis using Korean data to provide evidence for the association between FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the risk of obesity among Korean adults. SUBJECT/METHODS: Meta-analysis was finally conducted with data extracted from seven datasets of four studies performed on Korean adults after the screening passed. Five kinds of FTO SNPs (rs9939609, rs7193144, rs9940128, rs8050136, and rs9926289) were included, and the relationship between FTO SNPs and body mass index (BMI) was investigated using linear regression with an additive model adjusted for covariants, such as age, sex, and area. RESULTS: The minor alleles of FTO SNPs were associated with increased BMI (odds ratio [OR], 1.31; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.21-1.42). In sub-group analysis, FTO rs9939609 T>A was significantly associated with BMI (OR, 1.23; 95% CI, 1.06-1.42). The other FTO SNPs together were significantly associated with BMI (OR, 1.37; 95% CI, 1.25-1.49). The publication bias was not observed based on Egger's test. CONCLUSIONS: This meta-analysis showed that minor alleles in the FTO SNPs were significantly associated with an increased BMI among Korean adults. This meta-analysis is the first to demonstrate that minor alleles in the FTO SNPs contribute significantly to the increased risk of obesity among Korean adults using data from a Korean population.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
• /
• 제16권sup1호
• /
• pp.21-36
• /
• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The long-term health impacts of dietary sugar have begun to be reported. The committee on the 2020 Dietary Reference Intakes for Koreans for sugar intended to update the scientific evidence on the association of added sugar intake with health outcomes, including mortality. This study evaluated the evidence on the association of dietary sugar with the all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality from cohort studies. SUBJECTS/METHODS: The PubMed and ScienceDirect databases were searched until July 2021. The search terms were based on multiple combinations of keywords, such as added sugar, beverage, and mortality, included in the title or abstract. Two authors independently assessed the eligibility criteria of study selection and extracted the information from each selected article for this systematic review. RESULTS: The literature search identified 276 articles. Seventeen cohort studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. This study extracted information on the cohort and participants, dietary assessment methods, exposure and its comparison groups, health outcomes, and risk measures. Five articles reported added sugar intake, and 15 articles reported the food sources of the added sugar in the association with mortality. Increased mortality was observed in higher added sugar intake and a lower intake of less than 5% of energy, while higher discrepancies between gender, age groups, and countries were noted. In addition, nutritious sugary foods and beverages did not increase mortality. CONCLUSIONS: A 'U' or 'J' shaped relationship between the added sugar intake and mortality was estimated. The observed discrepancy indicated the need for more evidence to establish the dose-response relationship for Koreans.

• Annals of Occupational and Environmental Medicine
• /
• 제35권
• /
• pp.3.1-3.11
• /
• 2023

Background: Studies on the risk of mercury (Hg) in Korean fishery products focus primarily on total Hg levels as opposed to methylmercury (MeHg) levels. None of the few studies on MeHg in tuna investigated tuna from Japanese restaurants. Few have evaluated lead (Pb), cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in tuna. Thus, this study aimed to conduct a risk assessment by evaluating heavy metal concentrations in tuna from Japanese restaurants. Methods: Thirty-one tuna samples were collected from Japanese restaurants in the Republic of Korea. They were classified according to region and species. The concentration of heavy metals in the samples was analyzed using the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety Food Code method. The rate of exceedance of maximum residue levels (MRLs) and the risk compared to the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI) set by the Joint Food and Agriculture Organization/World Health Organization Expert Committee on Food Additives (%PTWI) were evaluated for risk assessment. Results: The mean of MeHg, Pb, Cd and As concentrations were 0.56 ± 1.47 mg/kg, 33.95 ± 3.74 ㎍/kg, 14.25 ± 2.19 ㎍/kg and 1.46 ± 1.89 mg/kg, respectively. No sample exceeded the MRLs of Pb and Cd, but 9.7% of the samples exceeded the MRL of MeHg. The %PTWIs of MeHg, Pb, Cd and As were 4.2037, 0.0162, 0.0244 and 1.1627, respectively. The %PTWI of MeHg by age group and sex was highest among men aged 19-29 years (10.6494), followed by men aged 30-49 years (7.2458) and women aged 19-29 years (4.8307). Conclusions: We found that 3 out of 31 samples exceeded the MRL of MeHg. The %PTWI of MeHg showed significant differences based on age and sex, and the value was likely to exceed a safe level depending on individuals' eating behaviors. Therefore, improved risk management for MeHg is required.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
• /
• 제10권3호
• /
• pp.331-340
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to provide basic data to improve college food service satisfaction with sanitary, environment and service by comparing 2 contract-managed and 2 self-operated college food services in Daejeon and Chungnam area. According to the results, sanitation and environment satisfaction degrees of contract-managed college food services were higher than those of self-operated food services. The satisfaction degrees with service were also higher in contract-managed food services than self-operated food services except the category of quick food delivery. In all categories comprising the food service satisfaction, the satisfaction degrees were lower in female students than in male students. There were more negative self-perceived clinical symptoms in female students than male students. The higher the negative self-perceived clinical symptoms scores were, the lower the satisfaction degrees with food service were, which suggests that かe health state of students was one of the factors that influenced college food service satisfaction. There was no difference between contract-managed and self-operated food services in terms of satisfaction with overall food taste and overall satisfaction degree. The average satisfaction degree for the contractmanaged food services in terms of price relative to food quality was lower than that for self-operated food services. According to stepwise multiple regression analysis, 'overall food taste', 'price relative to quality', 'kindness of employees', 'coping with proposed opinions' and 'quicknless of food delivery' in decreasing order, were the most relatively important attributes for overall satisfaction. There should be further studies on important management factors to improve satisfaction with sanitary, environment and service by self-operated college food service.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제34권5호
• /
• pp.1101-1108
• /
• 2024

Earlier studies have validated the isolation of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Salmonella (ESBL-Sal) strains from food. While poultry is recognized as a reservoir for Salmonella contamination, pertinent data regarding ESBL-Sal remains limited. Consequently, the Ministry of Food and Drug Safety has isolated Salmonella spp. from retail meat and evaluated their antibiotic susceptibility and genetic characteristics via whole-genome sequencing. To further elucidate these aspects, this study investigates the prevalence, antibiotic resistance profiles, genomic characteristics, and homology of ESBL-Sal spp. obtained from livestock-derived products in South Korean retail outlets. A total of 653 Salmonella spp. were isolated from 1,876 meat samples, including 509 beef, 503 pork, 555 chicken, and 309 duck samples. The prevalence rates of Salmonella were 0.0%, 1.4%, 17.5%, and 28.2% in the beef, pork, chicken, and duck samples, respectively. ESBL-Sal was exclusively identified in poultry meat, with a prevalence of 1.4% in the chicken samples (8/555) and 0.3% in the duck samples (1/309). All ESBL-Sal strains carried the bla_CTX-M-1 gene and exhibited resistance to ampicillin, ceftiofur, ceftazidime, nalidixic acid, and tetracycline. Eight ESBL-Sal isolates were identified as S. Enteritidis with sequence type (ST) 11. The major plasmid replicons of the Enteritidis-ST11 strains were IncFIB(S) and IncFII(S), carrying antimicrobial resistance genes (β-lactam, tetracycline, and aminoglycoside) and 166 virulence factor genes. The results of this study provide valuable insights for the surveillance and monitoring of ESBL-Sal in South Korean food chain.

• Ocean and Polar Research
• /
• 제27권2호
• /
• pp.197-203
• /
• 2005

Dimethylsulfide (DMS) is the most abundant form of volatile sulfurs in the ocean. Many biogeochemical studies have been conducted in the past several decades to unveil the processes driving the production, transformation and removal of DMS. They have shown that the Southern Ocean is an area with one of the highest levels of DMS concentrations during the austral summer in the global oceans. It has recently been observed that Antarctic krill, Euphausia superba, produces DMS and dissolved dimethyl-sulfoniopropionate (DMSP) in its gazing process. Copepods also produce DMS, and the potential production rates of DMS in the Southern Ocean by krill and copepods are estimated to be as much as $21{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$ and $0.6{\mu}mol\;m^{-2}d^{-1}$, respectively. These production rates of zooplankton and the presence of phytoplanktot which have high DMSP contents in their cells, might facilitate in situ DMS production in the Southern Ocean.

• 식품보건융합연구
• /
• 제4권4호
• /
• pp.26-30
• /
• 2018

To have more insight into the nature of plant, plant scientists carry out phytosociological studies on such plant species. The phytosociological studies on Tridax procumbens. Linn was carried out at Imo State University, Owerri, Imo State between the months of July and September, 2018. Tridax procumbens Linn grows abundantly in the areas under tropical climate and supported by a sandy-loam soil. Morphological features showed a range of variations. Phytosociological investigation showed a Tridax- Mitracarpus-Digitaria plant community. Tridax procumbens was positively associated with Digitaria horizontalis, Mitracarpus scarber and Vernonia cinera. The Inter-relationship of T. Procumbens was thus determined. This study therefore is a contribution to the general ecology of the plant. Phytosociological studies helps plant scientist to have more knowledge into the nature of plant species. This study is a contribution to the general ecology of the plant Tridax procumbens. The study also shows that it has close association with mitracarpus Scarber and Digitaria horizontalis. More work should be carried out to find out if these plant species flower and produce seeds at the same time or not.

• 국제교류와 융합교육
• /
• 제2권2호
• /
• pp.9-33
• /
• 2022

This paper mainly studies the national impression of college students on South Korea, selects students from some key universities as the target population, and conducts an in-depth investigation from the overall impression of South Korea, diplomatic image, food culture, language culture, tourism, entertainment circle and other aspects. Through a questionnaire survey of Chinese college students, this paper studies the image of South Korea in the eyes of contemporary Chinese college students, including the following aspects: First, Research the current Chinese college students' perception of the overall image of South Korea; Second, it studies the current Chinese college students' perception of the image of South Korea in the diplomatic, language, food, tourism and entertainment circles, and analyzes the internal dimensions of the image of South Korea in the minds of Chinese college students; Third, it studies the current Chinese college students' cognition of the overall image of South Koreans, and analyzes the internal dimensions of the image of South Koreans in the minds of Chinese college students; Fourth, to investigate the evaluation of Chinese college students on the image of South Korea. The survey results are analyzed from the perspectives of all subjects and gender differences, combined with the theories of communication and intercultural communication, and suggestions and prospects for the future development of the national image are made.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.391-396
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the biosafety of Vibrio parahaemolyticus in raw salad vegetables at wet markets and supermarkets in Malaysia. A combination of the most probable number-polymerase chain reaction (MPN-PCR) method was applied to detect the presence of V. parahaemolyticus and to enumerate their density in the food samples. The study analyzed 276 samples of common vegetables eaten raw in Malaysia (Wild cosmos=8; Japanese parsley=21; Cabbage=30; Lettuce=16; Indian pennywort=17; Carrot=31; Sweet potato=29; Tomato=38; Cucumber=28; Four-winged bean=26; Long bean=32). The samples were purchased from two supermarkets (A and B) and two wet markets (C and D). The occurrence of V. parahaemolyticus detected was 20.65%, with a higher frequency of V. parahaemolyticus in vegetables obtained from wet markets (Wet market C=27.27%; Wet Market D=32.05%) compared with supermarkets (Supermarket A=1.64%; Supermarket B=16.67%). V. parahaemolyticus was most prevalent in Indian pennywort (41.18%). The density of V. parahaemolyticus in all the samples ranged from <3 up to >2,400 MPN/g, mostly <3 MPN/g concentration. Raw vegetables from wet markets contained higher levels of V. parahaemolyticus compared with supermarkets. Although V. parahaemolyticus was present in raw vegetables, its numbers were low. The results suggest that raw vegetables act as a transmission route for V. parahaemolyticus. This study will be the first biosafety assessment of V. parahaemolyticus in raw vegetables in Malaysia.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
• /
• 제39권1호
• /
• pp.14-24
• /
• 2014

식품 알레르기에 대한 유병률과 알레르기를 일으키는 식품의 종류를 알아내기 위해, 설문지 조사와 피부단자시험을 실시하였고, 또한 최근 국내외 식품 알레르기에 대한 자료 고찰을 하였다. 본 연구결과 설문지에 의한 성별 식품 알레르기 증상 유병률은 남자에서는 25.6%, 여자는 25.8%로 남녀 간에 별 차이가 없었으며, 연령별로는 남자는 40-49세가 31.8%, 여자에서는 30-39세가 32.6%로 가장 높았다. 성별과 식품 항목에 의한 식품 알레르기의 유병률은 남자는 고등어가 6.6%로 가장 높았고, 여자는 복숭아가 7.4%로 가장 높았다. 성별에 의한 식품 알레르기 증상 유병자 중 피부단자시험 양성률을 보면 남자에서 21.4%의 양성률을, 여자에 있어서는 14.7%의 양성률을 나타내 남녀간의 유의한 차이(p=0.018)가 있었다. 식품 항목별 양성률을 보면 남자에서는 호프가 58.9%로 가장 높았고, 여자에서는 계란이 36.4%로 가장 높은 양성률을 나타냈으며, 돼지고기, 새우 가재, 호프, 그리고 토마토에서 통계적으로 남녀 간 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 피부단자시험을 통하여 우리나라 식품 알레르기 증상 추정 유병률은 남자 5.0%, 여자 3.6%였으며, 알레르기를 일으키는 흔한 식품으로는 호프, 고등어, 새우, 가재, 게, 돼지고기, 우유, 계란 등이 포함된다고 생각한다. 최근 국내외 식품 알레르기에 관한 자료 분석에서 식품 알레르기 유병률은 1-35% 범위로 나타났으며, 알레르기를 일으키는 주요 식품은 우유, 계란, 견과류, 생선, 조개, 갑각류 그리고 과일 채소 등으로 확인 하였다. 따라서 본 연구는 지역사회 전 연령층을 대상으로 그리고 최근 국내외 식품 알레르기에 관한 자료를 분석한 첫 시도로써 향후 우리나라 식품 알레르기 질환을 예방하고 치료하는데 근거자료의 토대가 될 것이다. 또한 식품 알레르기 교육프로그램을 계획할 때는 식품 알레르기의 유병률과 알레르겐을 포함한 대처방안이 필요하다고 본다.