• Korean Journal of Poultry Science
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• v.51 no.2
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• pp.39-45
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• 2024

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of adding black soldier fly larvae powder (BSFP) in the manufacturing of processed chicken products for dogs using poultry by-products. Chicken breast and Mechanically Deboned Chicken Meat (MDCM) were used for chicken products. To evaluate the effect of the addition of BSFP, the chicken products without BSFP were compared with the chicken products with 1%, 1.5%, and 2% BSFP added. As the amount of BSFP in processed chicken products increased, the protein content and redness increased, and the lightness decreased (P<0.05). Therefore, BSFP showed potential to be used as an additive to improve protein content in the production of processed dog food using poultry by-products.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.805-816
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• 2024

The aim of this study was to evaluate a new Bacillus amyloliquefaciens B-1895 probiotic as a feed additive for farmed trout. Final weight, absolute and average daily gain of fish, and average daily growth rate were higher in the group that received the probiotic than in the control group (p<0.05). Moreover, the probiotic-fed trout had more intense growth rates than the control group (higher by 15.7%; p<0.05). A decrease in feed ratio was also observed in the group that received probiotic (25% decrease; p<0.05), indicating more efficient digestion and assimilation of feed. In general, the introduction of probiotic in the feed did not adversely affect the functional status of the fish. In young trout of the control group, when assessing the general chemical composition of the organism in the muscle tissue revealed significantly (p≤0.001) higher level of moisture content by 5.1% and lower by 11.0% dry matter content. In muscle, the protein content was higher by 1.33% (p≤0.001) and fat content by 2.1% (p≤0.001) in experimental fish. Generally, Lactobacilli, Enterococcus, Vibrio, Bacillus, and coliform bacteria were found in the intestinal samples of rainbow trout. Significant reliable difference (p≤0.05) between the samples of experimental and control groups was noted in the content of Bacillus bacteria. In the control group, 5.0±0.4×10³ CFU/g was detected, while in the experimental group 8.4±0.8×10⁴ CFU/g. Overall, the data indicate that probiotic bacteria B. amyloliquefaciens B-1895 has no adverse effect on selected microorganisms in the study fish.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.554-566
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• 2024

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Urban-rural inequities in health and mortality exist in Korea, a highly centralized developed country. The potential impact of multiple health-related lifestyle behaviors on mortality and difference between urban and rural areas is not fully understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of high-risk health behaviors on all-cause mortality among residents living in urban and rural in Korea. SUBJECTS/METHODS: Cross-sectional analyses were conducted on 8,298 adults aged 40 yrs and older from the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2013-2015. High-risk behaviors were defined as having poor diet quality, current smoking, high-risk drinking, or insufficient physical activity. Mortality status was linked to the Cause of Death data followed up to December 31, 2019. The associations between all-cause mortality and high-risk behaviors were evaluated using Cox proportional hazard regression models adjusted for age, sex, education, income, and survey year. Population attributable fractions (PAFs) were calculated, and effect modification analysis was conducted. Participants were stratified by residential area (urban or rural). RESULTS: During the follow-up (median: 5.4 yrs), 313 deaths occurred. A higher proportion of rural residents than urban residents engaged in multiple high-risk behaviors (28.9% vs. 22.6%; P < 0.0001). As individual factors, a greater risk of mortality was associated with poor diet quality, current smoking, and inadequate physical activity, and these tendencies persisted in rural residents, especially for diet quality. Multiple high-risk behaviors were positively associated with a higher risk of mortality in Koreans living in urban and rural areas. PAF (95% confidence interval) was 18.5% (7.35-27.9%) and 29.8% (16.1-40.2%) in urban and rural residents, respectively. No additive or multiplicative effect of the region was observed. CONCLUSION: The higher prevalence of multiple high-risk lifestyle behaviors in rural residents may explain the higher mortality in rural areas compared to urban areas. Comprehensive public health policies to improve health-related behaviors in rural populations may be needed.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.602-611
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• 2015

Aronia melanocarpa (Rosaceae family), black chokeberry, has significantly higher anthocyanin, phenolic compounds, and antioxidant activity than other berries. The aim of this study is to characterize the content of aronia makgeolli prepared with the additive method such as fresh-type and crushed-type and to investigate the effect of aronia on the quality of makgeolli at $25^{\circ}C$ for 8 days. The changes in pH, total acidity, ethanol content, color, antioxidant activity, total polyphenol content, and sensory testing were determined. The pH values were 3.9~4.2 in fresh aronia makgeolli (the fresh group), and 3.6~3.9 in crushed aronia makgeolli (the crushed group). The total acidity of all samples gradually increased during the fermentation period. The ethanol content was 10~15% after the second stage of fermentation, and was reduced followed by an increase in the addition rate of aronia, showing the lowest values in 50% crushed aronia makgeolli. As the aronia content increased, both the antioxidant activity and the total polyphenol content significantly increased. In the fresh group, low values were seen in early fermentation, which significantly increased according to the progress of fermentation, while the crushed group showed high values for 6 days. In the sensory evaluation, the color, flavor, bitterness, and overall acceptance of the makgeolli with 30% fresh aronia showed higher values than the control and other samples. In conclusion, the present study suggests that fresh aronia without undergoing the breaking process is a more suitable additive method than the crushed type for antioxidant activity and palatability of aronia makgeolli.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.10
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• pp.1459-1464
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• 2004

The purpose of this research was to investigate the potential use of cheese whey protein (CWP), a cheese by-product. The physiological activity of calcium-binding peptides in CWP may be used as a food additive that prevents bone disorders. This research also examined the characteristics of calcium-binding peptides. After the CWP was heat treated, it was hydrolyzed by trypsin. Then calcium-binding peptides were separated and purified by ion-exchange chromatography and reverse phase HPLC, respectively. To examine the characteristics of the purified calcium-binding peptides, amino acid composition and amino acid sequence were analyzed. Calcium-binding peptides with a small molecular weight of about 1.4 to 3.4 kDa were identified in the fraction that was flowed out from 0.25 M NaCl step gradient by ion-exchange chromatography of tryptic hydrolysates. The results of the amino acid analysis revealed that glutamic acid in a calcium-binding site took up most part of the amino acids including a quantity of proline, leucine and lysine. The amino acid sequence of calcium-binding peptides showed Phe-Leu-Asp-Asp-Asp-Leu-Thr-Asp and Ile-Leu-Asp-Lys from $\alpha$-LA and Ile-Pro-Ala-Val-Phe-Lys and Val-Tyr-Val-Glu-Glu-Leu-Lys from ${\beta}$-LG.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.401-405
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• 2010

The Schiff base 1,2-bis(E-2-hydroxy benzylidene amino)anthracene-9,10-dione has been synthesized and explored as ionophore for preparing PVC-based membrane sensors selective to the copper ($Cu^{2+}$) ion. Potentiometric investigations indicate high affinity of these receptors for copper ion. The best performance was shown by the membrane of composition (w/w) of ionophore: 1 mg, PVC: 33 mg, DOP: 66 mg and KTpClPB as additive were added 50 mol % relative to the ionophore in 1 ml THF. The proposed sensor's detection limit is $2.8{\times}10^{-7}$ M over pH 5 at room temperature (Nernstian slope 31.76 mV/dec.) with a response time of 15 seconds and showed good selectivity to copper ion over a number of interfering cations.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Pharmacy
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.97-105
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• 2013

Background: This study was aimed to establish the systematic management methods of tar color additives used in Korea for drugs and quasi-drugs. Although tar color additives have been used in various areas, safety problems are continuously being reported by several studies. For that reason, major countries like US, Japan, Europe are trying to update the safety information of tar color additives and the related management methods, and Korea also need to complement them based on the updated information for their safer use. Method: This report includes the compared information of all legally used tar color additives of each country, such as color additive name, compound name and chemical abstracts service registry number. Conclusion: It is expected that these investigated results will be useful as the basic materials for proper management guidelines of tar color additives in Korea.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• v.36 no.3
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• pp.133-145
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• 2018

Breastfeeding is highly recommended due to its benefits for both the infant and mother; however, most mothers predominantly use formula feed. Breastfeeding affords protection against a wide variety of medical conditions that may emerge at different time points over the lifespan, including hospital admissions for respiratory infections and neonatal fever, offspring childhood obesity, and cancer as well as cardiovascular disease, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes. Moreover, breastfeeding is expected to decrease the risk of adolescent depression and other psychopathologies. It is also important for the development of the gut, gut-brain axis, and immune system, and night-time breast milk is likely to have higher antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and immune regulatory effects due to the impact of breast milk melatonin on the infant's developing microbiome and gut permeability. Melatonin can be added to a night-time-specific formula feed; however, it is not included in the Korean Food Additive Codex.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.112-118
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• 2017

Objectives: The Toxoplasma gondii (T. gondii) is an intracellular opportunistic protozoan parasite that infects approximately one-third of the human population worldwide. Honey has long been used for treatment of many diseases in folk medicine. Honey has exhibited significant anthelmintic, nematicidal and anti-protozoal activities. This study was conducted to investigate the immunological patterns in rats infected with T. gondii who were treated orally with supplemented 15% Capparis spinosa honey (Saudi Arabia) for a period of 28 days. Methods: Immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin G, and cytokines were detected by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). In addition, the mortality and the morbidity rates were assessed. Results: Oral administration of Capparis spinosa honey as a natural food additive was experimentally shown to increase the antibody titer; furthermore, compared with the rats in the control group, the levels of the sera cytokines ($IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-1 and IL-6) were consistently higher at day 7 post-infection in the infected rats treated with oral supplements of Capparis spinosa honey. Conclusion: Orally administered supplements of Capparis spinosa honey increased both the antibody titer and the cytokines ($IFN-{\gamma}$, IL-1 and IL-6) levels in rats infected with T. gondii.

• Proceedings of the Safety Management and Science Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.301-310
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• 2001

A study for the dangerous properties measurment of dust explosion was attended by the various dust concentration on Anthraquinone, Sodiumbenzoic acid, Corn starch, soy sauce powder, and cheese powder. As the result, maximum explosion pressure, the maximum rate of pressure rise, autoigntion temperature, and the water content of dust on lower limit explosion concentration was obtained as follows 1. The lower limit explosion concentration on soy sauce powder with the humidity of 65 to 90% increased by increasing the con tent of moisture, and the effect of dry air and moisture air decreased better in make of dry air. 2. The effect of a various dust concentration on autoigntion temperatures is investigated, If the vessel of dust explosion is small size and the easiness of autoignition was controled by air within the vessel, because it was better decreased air with increasing of dust concentration 3. The maximum explosion pressures of Anthraguinone, sodiumbenzoic acid, com starch, soy sauce powder, and cheese powder were 1.0g/$\ell$, 1.0g/$\ell$, 1.5g/$\ell$, 1.5g/$\ell$, and 1.5g/$\ell$, respectively, and the maximum rate of pressure rise were 0.5g/$\ell$, 0.5g/$\ell$, 1.0g/$\ell$, 1.0g/$\ell$, and 1.0g/$\ell$, respectively.