• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.114-121
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• 1994

St. Jude Medical cardiac valve replacement was performed in 135 consecutive patients from Aug.1986 to Dec. 1991.72 had mitral, 28 had aortic, 1 had tricuspid and 34 had double valve replacement. The hospital mortality rate was 4.4% & the late mortality rate was 3.7 %. Follow-up was done on 115 surviving patients:mean follow-up period was 29.78 $\pm$ 18.32 months. Paravalvular leakage was observed in two patients, possible prosthetic valvular endocarditis wasobserved in one patient and other specific valve-related complications were none. The overall actuarial survival rate at 6 years were 91.6% in total, 96.4% in aortic, 95.5 % in mitral and 81.9 % in double valve replacement.We concluded, therefore that good clinical results and a low complication rate could be achieved with St. Jude Medical valve in short-term follow-up & long-term follow-up was also necessary.

• The korean journal of orthodontics
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• v.27 no.5 s.64
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• pp.733-741
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• 1997

As a result of surgical orthodontic treatment of mandibular prognathism, changes take place in the skeletal and soft orofacial components. Although some investigators had stated that permanent reduction of airway space was observed after mandibular setback surgery, it was not clear that this permanent reduction was sustained during long-term follow-up. The purpose of this study was to assess the changes in oropharyngeal airway space and soft tissue orofacial component following the mandibular setback surgery and during the follow-up period. The correlation between the changes of the oropharyngeal airway space and the changes of other soft tissue orofacial component was also assessed. The findings of this study were as follows ; 1. The oropharyngeal airway space area decreased following mandibular setback surgery for mandibular prognathism and continued to decrease during the follow-up period(p<0.05). 2. The pharyngeal depth at Xi point level and the 2nd cervical vertebra point level decreased after the surgery and remained during the follow-up period(p<0.05). The decrease of these pharyngeal depth was correlated with the decrease of oropharyngeal airway space area(p<0.01). 3. The decrease of pharyngeal depth at the 3rd and 4th cervical vertebra point level was not significant after the surgery and during the follow up period. 4. The hyoid bone moved downward after the surgery(p<0.05), but returned to its original position during the follow-up period. 5. The length & height of tongue and the Position of epiglottis base did not change significantly(p>0.05). 6. The soft palate was displaced posteriorly after the surgery and remained to its changed position during the follow-up period(p<0.05) due to posterior displacement of tongue. The changes of soft palate were significantly correlated with the decrease of oropharyngeal airway space area(p<0.01). 7. The narrowing of oropharyngeal airway space was due to the posterior displacement of tongue above the level of epiglottis tip. The posterior displacement of tongue following mandibular setback osteotomy remained during the follow-up period.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1033-1036
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• 2001

With improvements in diagnostic imaging techniques for the brain, pituitary tumors without neurological signs or symptoms have occasionally been found. To evaluate therapeutic strategy for incidentally found pituitary tumors ("pituitary incidentaloma"), we analyzed the result of magnetic resonance imaging findings and of ophthalmological and endocrinological studies in 3 cases with follow up. Incidentally found functioning tumors were excluded. All of 3 cases is greater than 10mm in tumor size("pituitary macroincidentaloma"). The follow-up period was 49 months, 16 months and 6 months(mean, 25.3 months) in each case. There was no evidence of tumor enlargement, endocrinological problems and visual field defect during follow-up period. Patients with pituitary incidentalomas usually follow a benign course and neurosurgical intervention is not initially required in the management even those greater than 10mm in diameter. Observation over time may be good approach to the patient with a pituitary macroincidentaloma to avoid the unnecessary risk for surgery in a patients with a stable mass.

• The Journal of Korea Assosiation for Disability and Oral Health
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.50-54
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• 2016

Regular dental visit of disabled patients is an important strategy for maintenance of oral health because of the lack of awareness of oral care. But there is limited information about follow up period in disabled patients after dental treatment. The aim of this study was to investigate the pattern of dental visit and dental management of special care needs patients according to the types of disabilities. A total of 140 patients who received dental treatment at Seoul National University Dental Hospital from 2010 to 2012 were reviewed. Patients were divided 3 groups according to the types of disabilities (disorder of external physical function, disorder of internal organ, psychic disability). Patient's characteristic, dental treatment performed, follow up period and frequency were investigated. The mean follow up period was 28.2 months and average frequency of visit was 3.69 times per year. There was no difference in period and annual visit between 3 groups, but significantly difference in cooperation with medical hospital in affiliation. Regular check-up was the most common dental treatment in all groups. In psychic disorder group, the proportion of sedative treatment was significantly higher than other groups. The results of this study provide information necessary for treatment planning and dental management of disabled patients.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.687-695
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• 2017

This study tried to confirm the effective intervention to reduce drinking frequency and problem behaviors among the three interventions; school based, feedback, and behavior change. Meta-analysis was conducted targeting at 16 studies of randomized controlled trial in which alcohol intervention has been applied to adolescent. The drinking frequency and problem behaviors were analyzed by follow up period. There was a significant difference in the feedback intervention to reduce the frequency of drinking under 3 months of follow up period. Also, there was a significant difference in the feedback intervention to reduce the problematic behaviors of drinking between 4 and 12 months of follow up period(p<.05). The study confirmed that feedback intervention is effective in reducing the frequency of drinking during the follow up period under 3 months, and it is effective in reducing the problem behaviors of drinking during the 4~12 months of follow up period. Also, the study confirmed that school-based intervention and feedback intervention were useful in reducing and preventing harmful effects of drinking by adolescents.

• The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.59-64
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• 1988

Because carcinoma of breast is known to readily metastasize to the bone, early detection of metastasis spread is very important. Two hundred thirty four consecutive patients who had $^{99m}Tc-MDP$ bone scans prior to treatment and during the follow up period were studied retrospectively to determine the contribution of the scans to staging, treatment and follow up examination between Jan. 1980 and Apr. 1987 in Seoul National University Hospital. 1) Positive bone scan rates in initial clinical stage I, II, III and IV were 0%, 4%, 14% and 53%, respectively. 2) The higher clinical stage is, the more cumulative risk of conversion to positive bone scan is during the same follow up period. 3) Conversion rate to positive bone scan in patients with lymph node metastasis is higher (50%) than those without metastasis (18%) (P < 0.001). We concluded that the bone scan in primary breast cancer was very useful to evaluate initial clinical stage and to perform the follow up examination.

• Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.75-83
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• 2000

Cyclic vomiting syndrome(CVS) is a disorder of unknown etiology that is characterized by its clinical pattern of intermittent episodes of severe vomiting, similar in time of onset and duration, with no symptoms during the intervening period. By definition, CVS is an idiopathic disorder that requires exclusionary laboratory testing. Not only can it be mimicked by many specific disorders, eg, surgical, neurologic, endocrine, metabolic, renal, but within idiopathic CVS there may be specific subgroups that have different mechanisms. It has been reported that CVS usually begins in toddlers and resolves during adolescence. Migraine is also self-limiting episodic condition of children and the clinical features of migraine and CVS show considerable similarity. It is proposed that CVS is a condition related to migraine. This paper reports clinical courses of long term follow-up and reversible EEG changes in three patients whose history included CVS. Clinical situations of attack interval, duration and associated symptoms had changed variablely in each patients through long term follow-up period. Cyclic vomiting subsided in two cases. Abnormal delta activity was seen during episodes and resolved at follow-up, when the patient asymptomatic. The brain wave changes support the interpretation of CVS as a migraine variant.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.54 no.3
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• pp.161-176
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• 2024

Purpose: Peri-implant mucositis (PIM) and peri-implantitis (PI) are multicausal conditions with several risk factors contributing to their pathogenesis. In this study, we retrospectively investigated risk variables potentially associated with these peri-implant diseases (PIDs) over a follow-up period of 1 to 18 years. Methods: The study sample consisted of 379 implants placed in 155 patients. Single-visit clinical and radiographic evaluations were employed to determine the presence or absence of PIDs. Parameters related to the patient, site, surgery, implant, and prosthetic restoration were documented. The relationships between risk variables and the occurrence of PIDs were individually examined and adjusted for confounders using multivariate binary logistic regression models. Results: The prevalence rates of PIM and PI were 28.4% and 36.8% at the patient level and 33.5% and 24.5% at the implant level, respectively. Poor oral hygiene, active gingivitis/periodontitis, preoperative alveolar ridge deficiency, early or delayed implant placement, implant length of 11.0 mm or less, and poor restoration quality were strong and independent risk indicators for both PIDs. Furthermore, a follow-up period of more than 5 years and a loading time of more than 4 years were important indicators for PI. Simultaneously, age and smoking status acted as modifiers of the effect of mesiodistal (MD) and buccolingual (BL) widths of restoration on PI. Conclusions: In this study population, oral hygiene, periodontal status, preoperative alveolar ridge status, implant placement protocol, implant length, and the quality of coronal restoration appear to be robust risk indicators for both PIM and PI. Additionally, the length of follow-up and functional loading time are robust indicators of PI. Furthermore, the potential modifying relationships of age and smoking status with the MD and BL widths of restoration may be crucial for the development of PI.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.120-126
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• 2014

Background: To compare the treatment of the proximal humerus fracture using a Polarus nail or Philos plate, we aimed to analyze the functional recovery and the factors affecting the selection between the two types of surgery. Methods: The study included 107 patients with proximal humerus fracture who underwent surgery at our institution. Of these patients, 67 underwent surgery with Polarus nails (G1) and 40 with Philos plates (G2). In G1, the cases of two- and three-part fractures were 60 and 7 cases, in G2, the cases of two-, three-, and four-part fractures were 28, 10, and 2 cases, respectively. The average age was 61 years old, and the average follow-up period was 32.5 months. We compared radiological results, the functional recovery retrospectively. Results: The radiological union time was 6.8 weeks and 8.7 weeks on average in G1 and G2 (p < 0.05). At the one-year follow-up period, these were visual analogue scale (VAS) 1.355, forward flexion (FF) 130.968, external rotation (ER) 50.161, internal rotation (IR) L2 in G1, and VAS 0.781, FF 135.806 ER 51.25, IR L1 in G2, respectively, showing no significant differences between the two groups (p > 0.05). Similar observations were made at the final follow-up. In terms of functional recovery, no significant differences were seen at the one-year or at the final follow-up period (p > 0.05). Conclusions: For the surgical treatment of proximal humeral fracture, the selection of the type of surgery is affected by the fracture pattern. However, both methods give satisfactory outcomes and do not show significant differences in the functional outcome after the surgery.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.342-345
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• 2006

Objective : Gamma Knife Surgery[GKS] for the management of pineal region tumors is challengeable strategy as direct access to this area is not easy. The experiences of pineal region tumor patients treated with GKS were analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness. Methods : Seven patients with tumors in the pineal region were treated with GKS between September 1998 and May 2005. The histological diagnosis were pineal parenchymal tumor [2 patients], low-grade astrocytoma [2 patients], immature teratoma [1 patient], and choriocarninoma [1 patient]. One patient was diagnosed as metastatic brain tumor based on histological diagnosis for primary site and brain imaging study. The median marginal dose was 15Gy [range; $11{\sim}20$] at the 50% isodose line. The median target volume was $2.5cm^3$ [range; $0.8{\sim}12.5$]. The median clinical follow up period was 29 months [range; $13{\sim}93$] and the median radiological follow up period was 18 months [range; $6{\sim}73$]. Results : Tumor volume measured in follow-up images showed reduction in six patients, disappearance in one. No adverse effect due to GKS was found during the follow-up period. The performance status was preserved in all patients except one who died due to progression of primary cancer in spite of controlled metastatic brain lesion. Conclusion : Gamma Knife Surgery can be applied to pineal region tumors irrespective of their histology whenever surgery is not indicated.