• Title/Summary/Keyword: Follicular thyroid carcinoma

Search Result 98, Processing Time 0.018 seconds

Prognostic Scores for Predicting Recurrence in Patients with Differentiated Thyroid Cancer

  • Somboonporn, Charoonsak
    • Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
    • /
    • v.17 no.5
    • /
    • pp.2369-2374
    • /
    • 2016
  • Background: Differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) is a cancer group that shares molecular and cellular origin but shows different clinical courses and prognoses. Several prognostic factors have been reported for predicting recurrence for individual patients. This literature review aimed to evaluate prognostic scores for predicting recurrence of DTC. Materials and Methods: A search of the MEDLINE database for articles published until December 2015 was carried out using the terms "thyroid neoplasms AND (recurrent OR persistent) AND (score OR model OR nomogram)". Studies were eligible for review if they indicated the development of prognostic scoring models, derived from a group of independent prognostic factors, in predicting disease recurrence in DTC patients. Results: Of the 308 articles obtained, five were eligible for evaluation. Two scoring models were developed for DTC including both papillary and follicular carcinoma, one for papillary carcinoma, and the other two for papillary microcarcinoma. The number of patients included in the score development cohort ranged from 59 to 1,669. The number of evaluated potential prognostic factors ranged from 4 to 25. Tumor-related factors were the most common factors included in the final scores, with cervical lymph node metastases being the most common. Only two studies showed internal validation of the derived score. Conclusions: There is a paucity of prognostic scores for predicting disease recurrence in patients with DTC, in particular for follicular thyroid carcinoma. Several limitations of the created scores were found. Performance of the scores has not been adequately studied. Comprehensive validation in multiple cohorts is recommended before widespread use.

The Diagnostic Accuracy of Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology and the Diagnostic Usefulness of Galectin-3 Immunostaining for the Follicular Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (소포성 갑상샘 유두암종의 세침흡인 세포검사의 정확도와 Galectin-3 면역염색의 유용성)

  • Jung, Chan-Kwon;Shin, Jung-Ha;Lee, Hyun-Seung;Lee, Ah-Won;Jung, Eun-Sun;Choi, Yeong-Jin;Lee, Kyo-Young
    • The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
    • /
    • v.19 no.2
    • /
    • pp.160-163
    • /
    • 2008
  • The cytologic diagnosis of the follicular variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (FVPTC) has become one of the common causes of false negative diagnoses when performing fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) of the thyroid gland. We retrospectively reviewed all the aspirates for which a diagnosis of FVPTC had been made based on the surgically excised specimens, regardless of the cytologic diagnosis. 145 FNACs was performed in 135 patients. The cytologic diagnoses were categorized as 2 unsatisfactory specimens (1.4%), 16 benign (11.0%), 49 atypical (33.8%) and 78 malignant lesions (53.8%). The tumor cells consistently showed significant nuclear overlapping, irregular nuclei and fine chromatin in all cases; however, nuclear grooves and inclusions were scarce. Galectin-3 immunostaining was performed on the cell blocks of 65 cases and this was positive for 45 cases (69.2%). The results of our study demonstrate that the determination of minimal cytologic criteria is needed to raise the sensitivity of detecting FVPTC by FNAC, and galectin-3 immunostaining is useful to make decisions on the surgical treatment of cytologically atypical thyroid nodules.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology of Follicular Neoplasm of the Thyroid (갑상선의 여포상 종양의 흡인세포학적 소견)

  • Cho, Kyung-Ja;Jang, Ja-June
    • The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
    • /
    • v.4 no.2
    • /
    • pp.105-110
    • /
    • 1993
  • The major limitation of fine needle aspiration of the thyroid is in the evaluation of follicular tumors. it may be difficult or occasionally, impossible to distinguish on a cytologic basis, between hyperplastic nodular getter, follicular adenoma and well differentiated follicular carcinoma. We reviewed cytologic presentations of 15 histologically confirmed follicular neoplasms of the thyroid. Aspiration smears of 6 follicular adenomas were cell-rich with ball-like or syncytial aggregates of monotonous follicular cells, in contrast to honeycomb-like flat sheets of adenomatous goiter Mild nuclear pleomorphism and a small visible nucleolus were noted in 2 cases, respectively. Nine cases of follicular carcinoma showed very high cellularity, irregularly shaped cell clusters, and numerous isolated tumor cells. Nuclear pleomorphism and visible nucleoli were noted in 6 and 5 cases, respectively. Another characteristic finding, entrapped endothelial cells within the ceil clusters, was noted in 7 carcinomas and 1 adenoma. The background of the smears of all follicular neoplasms was hemorrhagic, with no or scanty colloid. We confirmed that the cytologic features of follicular adenoma and carcinoma were similar in general, with subtle differences in cell morphology, but the presence of isolated tumor cells and entrapped endothelial cells was suggestive of malignancy.

  • PDF

Comparison of $Na^+/I^-$ Symporter Expression Rate in Malignant and Benign Thyroid Diseases: Immunohistochemical Study (악성 및 양성 갑상선 질환의 조직에서 면역조직학적 검사법에 의한 $Na^+/I^-$ symporter의 발현율 비교)

  • Kang, Do-Young;Jeong, Young-Jin;Lee, Kyung-Eun;Park, Heon-Soo;Yoo, Young-Hyun;Roh, Mee-Sook
    • Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging
    • /
    • v.40 no.1
    • /
    • pp.9-15
    • /
    • 2006
  • Purpose: Previous studies have not showed consistent results for the level of expression of sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) in thyroid diseases, especially malignant tumor. We undertook this study to evaluate the distribution of NIS expression in malignant thyroid diseases and compare with that in benign thyroid disease. Materials and Methods: Total patients were 119 cases (Men 15, $48{\pm}13$ yrs). Total number of samples were 205 pieces. In malignant thyroid disease, there were 153 samples: 90 in papillary carcinoma, 4 in follicular carcinoma, 2 in medullary carcinoma and 57 in metastatic lymph node. In benign thyroid disease, there were 52 samples: 36 in goiter/cyst, 11 in thyroiditis and 5 in follicular adenoma. Using immunohistochemical methods, we probed 205 samples with monoclonal anti-NIS Ab. Grading of staining was stored as 0 (negative or absent), 1 (weakly positive), 2 (moderately positive) or 3 (strongly positive). Expression rate (ER) of NIS positivity in individual disease entity was expressed as percentage of total number divided by number in 2 plus 3 grade. Results: ERs of malignant thyroid diseases were 63% in papillary carcinoma, 81% in metastatic lymph node, 71% in follicular carcinoma and 100% in medullary carcinoma. ERs of benign thyroid disease were 53% in goiter/cyst, 64% in thyroiditis and 40% in follicular adenoma. ER of malignant thyroid diseases was higher than benign thyroid diseases (71% vs 54%). Grading of NIS expression in papillary carcinoma or goiter/cyst was heterogeneously distributed in considerable cases. Normal tissue also showed heterogeneous distribution of NIS expression, which was not correlated with that of primary lesion. Conclusion: In papillary thyroid carcinoma, distribution of NIS expression was heterogeneous and increased, and not different compared with that of benign thyroid disease.

Metastatic thyroid follicular carcinoma of masticator space (저작근극에서 발생한 전이된 갑상선 여포상암)

  • Gang Tae-In;Heo Min-Suk;An Chang-Hyeon;Choi Mi;Lee Sam-Sun;Choi Soon-Chul;Park Tae-Won
    • Imaging Science in Dentistry
    • /
    • v.32 no.3
    • /
    • pp.175-179
    • /
    • 2002
  • Follicular carcinomas are the second most common form of thyroid cancer, accounting for 10 to 20% of all thyroid cancers. Follicular carcinomas have a propensity to metastasize via the bloodstream, spreading to bone, lungs, liver, and elsewhere. We described the case of a 48-year-old woman who presented with swelling of the left preauricular area, which was a consequence of a metastatic follicular carcinoma of the masticator space. Plain films showed illdefined erosive bony changes from the left condylar head to the mandibular notch. Contrast-enhanced CT images showed a well circumscribed round mass with well enhancement within left masticator space. On MR images, the mass was heterogenously hyperintense to the muscle on T2-weighted images and isointense or hyperintense to the muscle on Tl-weighted images, and showed good enhancement on contrast-enhanced Tl-weighted images. Upon microscopic examination, the metastatic mass was found to be composed of fairly uniform cells forming small follicles containing colloid, showing capsular and vascular invasion.

  • PDF

Cytologic Features of Follicular Adenoma and Follicular Carcinoma of the Thyroid: A Study on the Likelihood of Cytologic Diagnosis by Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (갑상샘의 소포샘종과 소포암종의 세포 소견: 세침흡인 세포 진단의 가능성에 대한 연구)

  • Park, Hee-Dae;Park, Woon-Sun;Kim, Sun-Hee;Choi, Seock-Hyun;Cho, Young-Hye;Kang, Sung-Hee;Lee, Kyung-Bun;Kim, Min-Gyeong;Kim, Dong-Hoon;Chae, Seoung-Wan;Shon, Jin-Hee
    • The Korean Journal of Cytopathology
    • /
    • v.19 no.2
    • /
    • pp.152-159
    • /
    • 2008
  • Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) cannot differentiate follicular adenoma from follicular carcinoma since this distinction can only be based on the presence of capsular or vascular invasion, and this can¬not be detected on a cytologic smear. The goal of this study was to define the diagnostic cytologic findings of follicular neoplasm and the possibility of diagnosing follicular neoplasm by performing FNAC. The cases of histologically diagnosed follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma on the thyroidectomy specimens were retrieved. Among them, the cases with preoperative FNAC that was done within 3 months of the operation were finally selected. Then we reviewed the FNAC and histologic slides of 19 cases: 9 follicular adenomas and 10 follicular carcinomas. Our results suggest that for cases of follicular neoplasm, the aspirates show high or abundant cellularity, frequent follicle formation and occasional cellular atypism of the follicular cells. However, the atypism is more pronounced and more frequently noticed in the cases of follicular carcinoma, which reveals more higher anisocytosis (7/10, 70%), nuclear pleomorphism (9/10, 90%), coarse clumping of chromatin (8/10, 80%) and cellular overlapping (8/10, 80%).

The Expression of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor in Thyroid Diseases (갑상선 질환에서 표피성장인자 수용체 발현)

  • Min Byoung-Chul;Lee Yong-Jin;Cha Seong-Jae;Park Yong-Kum;Chi Kyung-Chun;Lim Hyun-Muck;Park Sung-Il;Park Sung-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
    • /
    • v.15 no.2
    • /
    • pp.156-161
    • /
    • 1999
  • Objectives: The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR) family has been increasingly recognized as an important component in the control of normal cell proliferation and the pathogenesis of cancer. To confirm the usefulness of epidermal growth factor receptor as a tumor marker, we initiated this study. Materials and Methods: EGFR was measured by immunohistochemical staining using EGFR antibody. It was performed on section from paraffin blocks of 65 thyroid tissue including 33 paillary carcinoma, 11 follicular carcinoma, 11 nodular hyperplasia, 5 follicular adenoma and 5 normal thyroid tissue. We evaluated morphologic characteristic of various thyroid neoplasms, and the relationship between EGFR and other prognostic factors in papillary thyroid carcinomas. Results: The expression of EGFR was commonly found in neoplasms of thyroid, with trend for stronger staining in the more malignant tumor(p=0.000). Also the expression of EGFR in papillary thyroid cancer related to tumor characters including tumor size(p=0.042), extent(p=0.024) and prognostic features including AMES scores(p=0.019). The strong EGFR staining in papillary carcinoma was significantly associated with tumor recurrence(p=0.003). Conclusions: EGFR may have a role in the regulation of normal and neoplastic thyroid cell growth. EGFR status may help predict the clinical course of patients with malignant thyroid neoplasms. However, the study of more cases will be needed for significance of the information about the EGFR as an independent prognostic factor.

  • PDF

A Case of Primary Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Thyroid Gland (갑상선에 발생한 원발성 편평세포암 1예)

  • Seol, Jeong-Hun;Kim, Hong-Jun;Hong, Jae-Min;Rho, Kyung-Jin;Hong, Hyun-Jun
    • Korean Journal of Head & Neck Oncology
    • /
    • v.26 no.2
    • /
    • pp.240-242
    • /
    • 2010
  • Primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland is a very rare event, representing much less than 1% of all malignant tumors of the thyroid gland. The cancer is characterized by rapidly progressive clinical course in spite of its differentiated morphologic features. In most cases, a squamous epithelium is believed to be a result of metaplasia of a follicular epithelium, although in rare exceptions, it can originate from a remnant of the thyroglossal duct or ultimobranchial body. Squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland can occur in a pure form or mixed with adenocarcinoma. Because their clinical behavior is more aggressive than that of other malignant neoplasm of thyroid gland, the tumor should be treated more vigorously at its initial stage. Recently, authors experienced one case of primary squamous cell carcinoma of the thyroid gland. We report our case with a brief review of literature.

Pinhole Bone Scintigraphic Demonstration of Septation in Metastatic Thyroid Carcinoma in Bone (바늘구멍 골스캔에 의한 갑상선암 골전이 병소내 중격의 묘출)

  • Kim, Sung-Hoon;Chung, Soo-Kyo;Shinn, Kyung-Sub;Bahk, Yong-Whee
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    • /
    • v.27 no.2
    • /
    • pp.305-308
    • /
    • 1993
  • Metastatic thyroid carcinoma in bone shows characteristic expansile, trabeculated lysis on radio-gram. The ordinary scintigraphy manifests with a simple photopenic defect. We were able to portray trabeculation within photopenic defects. We present papillary thyroid carcinoma and follicular thyroid carcinoma, one each, pinhole bone scintigraphic findings of which are cold area with septated increased uptake at the iliae bone. These findings correspond very well with their X-ray pictures.

  • PDF

Thyroid Carcinoma Presenting as Hot nodule on Technetium-99m Pertechnetate Thyroid Scintigraphy (Technetium-99m Pertechnetate 갑상선 스캔에서 열결절로 나타난 갑상선암)

  • Shong, Young-Kee;Lee, Mun-Ho;Ryu, Jin-Sook;Moon, Dae-Hyuk;Lee, Myung-Hae
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine
    • /
    • v.26 no.1
    • /
    • pp.147-150
    • /
    • 1992
  • In general, hot nodules on techetium scan are regarded as benign tumors, and usually no further work up for malignancy is indicated, if they are truly autonomous. The authors experienced two cases of thyroid carcinoma presenting as hot nodule on technetium-99m pertechnetate thyroid scintigraphy. One case with papillary carcinoma, and other case with follicular carcinoma are presented in addition to a review of the literature.

  • PDF