• 제목/요약/키워드: Folksonomic Interaction

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정보채집으로의 접근 - 폭소노미 이해를 위한 개념적 틀 연구 - (Information Forager's Approach to Folksonomy)

  • 박희진
    • 한국비블리아학회지
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    • 제22권3호
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    • pp.189-206
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    • 2011
  • 본 연구는 정보채집(information foraging) 이론을 적용하여 웹 정보자원을 조직, 검색, 공유하는 폭소노미 이용자의 상호작용을 체계적으로 연구, 분석하는 개념적 틀을 제시하고자 한다. 폭소노미 상호작용 이해를 위한 개념적 틀은 최종 이용자의 세 가지 정보행위간의 유기적인 관계로 구성되어 있다: (1) 태그를 활용하여 웹 정보자원을 분류하고 조직하는 태깅; (2) 폭소노미 내에서 유용한 정보 자원을 발견하고 검색하는 정보탐험; (3) 폭소노미를 통해 유사한 관심을 갖고 있는 다른 이용자를 발견하고 커뮤니티를 구성하며, 협업을 통해 새로운 정보자원을 창출해내는 지식공유. 이 틀에서 최종이용자는 정보환경에 유연적으로 적응하며 폭소노미를 통해 줄곧 관심사에 관한 정보를 수집, 모니터하며 다른 이용자와의 효율적인 공유와 검색을 위해 끊임없이 탐험하는 정보채집자(information forager)로 이해된다. 본 연구에서 제시한 개념적 틀은 이용자와 폭소노미의 역동적이고 복잡한 상호작용 현상을 포괄적으로 조망함으로써, 향후 폭소노미를 비롯한 웹 정보서비스의 유용화 연구 설계에 보다 체계적인 이론적 토대를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

폭소노미 사이트를 위한 랭킹 프레임워크 설계: 시맨틱 그래프기반 접근 (A Folksonomy Ranking Framework: A Semantic Graph-based Approach)

  • 박현정;노상규
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제21권2호
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    • pp.89-116
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    • 2011
  • In collaborative tagging systems such as Delicious.com and Flickr.com, users assign keywords or tags to their uploaded resources, such as bookmarks and pictures, for their future use or sharing purposes. The collection of resources and tags generated by a user is called a personomy, and the collection of all personomies constitutes the folksonomy. The most significant need of the folksonomy users Is to efficiently find useful resources or experts on specific topics. An excellent ranking algorithm would assign higher ranking to more useful resources or experts. What resources are considered useful In a folksonomic system? Does a standard superior to frequency or freshness exist? The resource recommended by more users with mere expertise should be worthy of attention. This ranking paradigm can be implemented through a graph-based ranking algorithm. Two well-known representatives of such a paradigm are Page Rank by Google and HITS(Hypertext Induced Topic Selection) by Kleinberg. Both Page Rank and HITS assign a higher evaluation score to pages linked to more higher-scored pages. HITS differs from PageRank in that it utilizes two kinds of scores: authority and hub scores. The ranking objects of these pages are limited to Web pages, whereas the ranking objects of a folksonomic system are somewhat heterogeneous(i.e., users, resources, and tags). Therefore, uniform application of the voting notion of PageRank and HITS based on the links to a folksonomy would be unreasonable, In a folksonomic system, each link corresponding to a property can have an opposite direction, depending on whether the property is an active or a passive voice. The current research stems from the Idea that a graph-based ranking algorithm could be applied to the folksonomic system using the concept of mutual Interactions between entitles, rather than the voting notion of PageRank or HITS. The concept of mutual interactions, proposed for ranking the Semantic Web resources, enables the calculation of importance scores of various resources unaffected by link directions. The weights of a property representing the mutual interaction between classes are assigned depending on the relative significance of the property to the resource importance of each class. This class-oriented approach is based on the fact that, in the Semantic Web, there are many heterogeneous classes; thus, applying a different appraisal standard for each class is more reasonable. This is similar to the evaluation method of humans, where different items are assigned specific weights, which are then summed up to determine the weighted average. We can check for missing properties more easily with this approach than with other predicate-oriented approaches. A user of a tagging system usually assigns more than one tags to the same resource, and there can be more than one tags with the same subjectivity and objectivity. In the case that many users assign similar tags to the same resource, grading the users differently depending on the assignment order becomes necessary. This idea comes from the studies in psychology wherein expertise involves the ability to select the most relevant information for achieving a goal. An expert should be someone who not only has a large collection of documents annotated with a particular tag, but also tends to add documents of high quality to his/her collections. Such documents are identified by the number, as well as the expertise, of users who have the same documents in their collections. In other words, there is a relationship of mutual reinforcement between the expertise of a user and the quality of a document. In addition, there is a need to rank entities related more closely to a certain entity. Considering the property of social media that ensures the popularity of a topic is temporary, recent data should have more weight than old data. We propose a comprehensive folksonomy ranking framework in which all these considerations are dealt with and that can be easily customized to each folksonomy site for ranking purposes. To examine the validity of our ranking algorithm and show the mechanism of adjusting property, time, and expertise weights, we first use a dataset designed for analyzing the effect of each ranking factor independently. We then show the ranking results of a real folksonomy site, with the ranking factors combined. Because the ground truth of a given dataset is not known when it comes to ranking, we inject simulated data whose ranking results can be predicted into the real dataset and compare the ranking results of our algorithm with that of a previous HITS-based algorithm. Our semantic ranking algorithm based on the concept of mutual interaction seems to be preferable to the HITS-based algorithm as a flexible folksonomy ranking framework. Some concrete points of difference are as follows. First, with the time concept applied to the property weights, our algorithm shows superior performance in lowering the scores of older data and raising the scores of newer data. Second, applying the time concept to the expertise weights, as well as to the property weights, our algorithm controls the conflicting influence of expertise weights and enhances overall consistency of time-valued ranking. The expertise weights of the previous study can act as an obstacle to the time-valued ranking because the number of followers increases as time goes on. Third, many new properties and classes can be included in our framework. The previous HITS-based algorithm, based on the voting notion, loses ground in the situation where the domain consists of more than two classes, or where other important properties, such as "sent through twitter" or "registered as a friend," are added to the domain. Forth, there is a big difference in the calculation time and memory use between the two kinds of algorithms. While the matrix multiplication of two matrices, has to be executed twice for the previous HITS-based algorithm, this is unnecessary with our algorithm. In our ranking framework, various folksonomy ranking policies can be expressed with the ranking factors combined and our approach can work, even if the folksonomy site is not implemented with Semantic Web languages. Above all, the time weight proposed in this paper will be applicable to various domains, including social media, where time value is considered important.