• Journal of the Korean Society for Aeronautical & Space Sciences
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• v.47 no.8
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• pp.549-557
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• 2019

In this paper, we focus on the real-time detection method of a seismic ionospheric disturbance using Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) signal. First, the monitor for the detection of the seismic ionospheric disturbance is studied based on the estimated ionospheric delay using the GNSS signals. And then, the threshold for the automatic detection is computed. Moreover, to discriminate the seismic ionospheric disturbance against the other ionospheric anomalies due to other error sources such as cycle slips, the signatures of the ionospheric perturbation caused by the seismic wave is investigated. Based on the observation, the detection strategy is proposed. Using GPS observations collected from the 47 permanent stations in South Korea and Japan, the proposed real-time detection method is evaluated.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.375-384
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• 2019

In a rapidly changing society with the Fourth Industrial Revolution, future students should have the skills to utilize and organize high-quality knowledge, not the amount of knowledge. With the launch of the revised curriculum in 2015, the curriculum has been reorganized based on competency and the software education has been seeking capabilities such as 'Cultural computing knowledge', 'Computational thinking', and 'Collaborative problem solving skills'. Therefore, practical collaboration tools and education programs that can be used in the field of education are developed based on Pair Programming, which is a specific collaborative learning strategy to develop cooperative problem solving skill. The educational program using this collaboration tool was developed with a focus on developing computational thinking and collaborative problem solving skills through Pair Programming rather than focusing on learning grammar of programming language and programming techniques. In a educational program, students will be able to use collaborative tools for pair programming and foster collaborative problem-solving skills.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.399-406
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to examine the relationship between corporate reputation and the profitability. In this study, Big Data Analysis was conducted for Hyundai Motor, Shinsegae Department Store, SK Telecom, and Amorepacific to solve research problems. The results of this study show that the effect of each corporate reputation on the profitability is different according to the company. For products such as Hyundai Motor and Amorepacific that are used directly by consumers, the corporate reputation formed by the comments was more influential. In addition, distribution Service company such as Shinsegae Department Store showed more influence by online news. On the other hand, SK Telecom did not have a significant effect on profitability. Based on the results, this study emphasizes the importance of online news and comments on corporate reputation management, and aims to contribute to establishing an efficient reputation management strategy by examining the relationship between corporate reputation and profitability.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.865-889
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• 2019

The need for cyber resilience is increasingly important in our technology-dependent society where computing devices and data have been, and will continue to be, the target of cyber-attackers, particularly advanced persistent threat (APT) and nation-state/sponsored actors. APT and nation-state/sponsored actors tend to be more sophisticated, having access to significantly more resources and time to facilitate their attacks, which in most cases are not financially driven (unlike typical cyber-criminals). For example, such threat actors often utilize a broad range of attack vectors, cyber and/or physical, and constantly evolve their attack tactics. Thus, having up-to-date and detailed information of APT's tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) facilitates the design of effective defense strategies as the focus of this paper. Specifically, we posit the importance of taxonomies in categorizing cyber-attacks. Note, however, that existing information about APT attack campaigns is fragmented across practitioner, government (including intelligence/classified), and academic publications, and existing taxonomies generally have a narrow scope (e.g., to a limited number of APT campaigns). Therefore, in this paper, we leverage the Cyber Kill Chain (CKC) model to "decompose" any complex attack and identify the relevant characteristics of such attacks. We then comprehensively analyze more than 40 APT campaigns disclosed before 2018 to build our taxonomy. Such taxonomy can facilitate incident response and cyber threat hunting by aiding in understanding of the potential attacks to organizations as well as which attacks may surface. In addition, the taxonomy can allow national security and intelligence agencies and businesses to share their analysis of ongoing, sensitive APT campaigns without the need to disclose detailed information about the campaigns. It can also notify future security policies and mitigation strategy formulation.

• Communications of Mathematical Education
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.377-394
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to scrutinize the characteristics of a teacher's discursive competence on the basis of mathematical competencies. For this purpose, we observed all semester-long classes of a middle school teacher, who changed her own teaching methods for the last 20 years, collected video clips on them, and analyzed classroom discourse. Data analysis shows that in problem solving competency, she helped students focus on mathematically important components for problem understanding, and in reasoning competency, there was a discursive competence which articulated thinking processes for understanding the needs of mathematical justification. And in creativity and confluence competency, there was a discursive competence which developed class discussions by sharing peers' problem solving methods and encouraging students to apply alternative problem solving methods, whereas in communication competency, there was a discursive competency which explored mathematical relationships through the need for multiple mathematical representations and discussions about their differences. These results can provide concrete directions to developing curricula for future teacher education by suggesting ideas about how to combine practices with PCK needed for mathematics teaching.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.62-69
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• 2019

Korean shipbuilding companies have taken many efforts for safety over the years by developing Health, Safety & Environment (HSE) Management Systems, Procedures, Training, and studying Programs for prevention of incidents. As a result, the shipbuilding industry has succeeded in reducing overall injury rates. Nevertheless, the industry also noticed that incident rates are still not at zero and more importantly, serious injuries and fatalities are still occurring. One factor that may be attributing to this is the lack of managing potential severity during incident investigations, most incident investigations are implemented based on the actual result. Generally, each shipbuilding company develops their customized incident investigation programs and these are also commonly being focused on actual result. This study aimed to develop a shift in strategy toward safety to classify the criteria of potential severity from any incidents and manage that to prevent any recurrence or causing any serious injuries or fatalities in the shipbuilding industry. Several global energy companies have already developed potential severity management tools and applied them in their incident investigations. In order to verify the necessity of improvement for current systems, a case study and comparative analysis between a domestic shipbuilding company and several global energy companies from foreign countries was implemented and comparison of two incident investigation cases from specific offshore projects was conducted to measure the value of a potential severity system. Also, a checklist was established from the data of fatalities and serious injuries in recent 5 years that occurred in Korea shipbuilding industry and a proposal to verify high potential incidents in the incident investigation process and comparative analysis between the assessment by appling proposed checklist and the assessment from a global energy company by using their own system was implemented. As a measure to prevent any incidents, it is required to focus on potential severity assessment during the incident investigation rather than to only control actual result. Hence, this study aims to propose a realistic plan which enables to improve the existing practices of incident investigation and control in the shipbuilding industry.

• Child Health Nursing Research
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.154-164
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• 2019

Purpose: The study aimed to develop a play toolkit to facilitate infants' and toddlers' symbolic thought and fine motor development. Methods: This study used a methodological study design including two phases of development and evaluation. After reviewing the play culture and developmental health issues in Kyrgyzstan through a literature review and interviews with local experts and parents, the toolkit was developed and evaluated using content validity and utilization tests. Results: The toolkit was based on Westby's symbolic play and the fine motor milestones in the Bright Futures Guidelines. The Toolkits were composed of an overall suggested play schedule according to the child's age, four kinds of play props, and a utilization guidebook for parents. The play props were a felt book, sorting and assembling blocks, cup blocks, and a tangram. The guidebook contained age-appropriate operating methods and alternative ways to use the materials. Conclusion: A play toolkit was developed to enhance nurturing practices among parents of infants and toddlers. The findings may help facilitate effective interactions between parents and their children. Considering that nurturing care is critical for achieving better child health outcomes, enhancing parenting resources and parent-child relations could function as an effective strategy for promoting child health.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.161-168
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• 2021

The corporate environment is undergoing many changes as the transition to a knowledge-based economy accelerates. Many changes are taking place in China, including the strategy of Chinese manufacturer 2025. It has no role in the manufacturing plant and is striving to lead the industry based on advanced technology. Therefore, the purpose of this research is to understand one's own mechanism as a result of technological innovation of Chinese companies. Therefore, in this study, based on the previous study, in the Delphi survey, eight factors were finally derived, and the eight factors were surveyed by practitioners of Chinese companies about their own mechanism. As a result of analysis, the importance of one's mechanism based on the industry as a whole is patent, design registration, lead time, confidentiality, complementary manufacturing, complementary sales and services, design complexity, learning curve effect / economies of scale. In turn, its importance appeared. The results of this study may help corporate practitioners develop their intellectual property strategic plans through their own mechanisms that are tailored to their company.

• Journal of the Microelectronics and Packaging Society
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.13-28
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• 2021

Since transient electronic devices can operate under harsh conditions such as electrolytic solutions or inside the body, and be removed by hydrolysis after operation, they can replace conventional electronic devices in various research areas like biomedical implantable devices. Moreover, transient electronic devices that can dissolve in water and enzymes are the focus of the new concept of green technology, which can solve electrical waste issues. However, the surroundings of transient electronic devices can deteriorate internal device components. Thus, an encapsulation strategy is introduced for stable operation in solution by shielding the outside of a device with a passive barrier. This article summarizes recent research trends in transient electronic devices, including their background, dissolution behavior, and encapsulation strategies to enhance reliability by blocking water permeation.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.31 no.2
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• pp.173-179
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• 2021

Background: In Korea, the length of stay and medical expenses incurred by medical aid patients are increasing at a rate faster than the national health insurance. Therefore, there is a need to create a management strategy for each type of hospitalization to manage the length of stay of medical aid patients. Methods: The study used data from the 2019 National Health Insurance Claims. We analyzed the factors that affect the length of stay for 186,576 medical aid patients who were hospitalized for more than 31 days, with a focus on the type of hospitalization in long-term care hospitals. Results: The study found a significant correlation between gender, age, medical aid type, chronic disease ratio, long-term care hospital patient classification, and hospitalization type variables as factors that affect the length of hospital stay. The analysis of the differences in the length of stay for each type of hospitalization showed that the average length of stay is 291.4 days for type 1, 192.9 days for type 2, and 157.0 days for type 3, and that the difference is significant (p<0.0001). When type 3 was 0, type 1 significantly increased by 99.4 days, and type 2 by 36.6 days (p<0.0001). Conclusion: A model that can comprehensively view factors, such as provider factors and institutional factors, needs to be designed. In addition, to reduce long stays for medical aid patients, a mechanism to establish an early discharge plan should be prepared and concerns about underutilization should be simultaneously addressed.