• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.774-777
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• 2005

Dengue Fever(DF) and Dengue haemorrhagic fever(DHF) has become a major international public health concern. Dengue Fever(DF) and Dengue haemorrhagic Fever (DHF) is also still the major health problem of Thailand, although many campaigns against it have been conducted throughout the country. GIS and Remotely Sensed data are used to evaluate the relationships between socio-spatial, environmental factors/indicators and the incidences of viral diseases. The aim of the study is to identify the spatial risk factors in Dengue and Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever in Sukhothai province, Thailand using statistical, spatial and GIS Modelling. Preliminary results demonstrated that physical factors derived from remotely sensed data could indicate variation in physical risk factors affecting DF and DHF. The present study emphasizes the potential of remotely sensed data and GIS in spatial factors affecting Dengue Risk Zone analysis. The relationship between land cover and the cases of incidence of DF and DHF by information value method revaluated that highest information value is obtained for Built-up area. A negative relationship was observed for the forest area. The relations between climate data and cases of incidence have shown high correlation with rainfall factors in rainy season but poor correlation with temperature and relative humidity. The present study explores the potential of remotely sensed data and GIS in spatial analysis of factors affecting Dengue epidemic, strong spatial analysis tools of GIS. The capabilities of GIS for analyst spatial factors influencing risk zone has made it possible to apply spatial statistical analysis in Disease risk zone.

• Journal of The Institute of Information and Telecommunication Facilities Engineering
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.5-16
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• 2003

We have analyzed the performance of optical matched filters in the fiber-optic code division multiple access (FO-CDMA) system based on optical parallel coupler access encoder (PCAE) and parallel coupler access decoder (PCAD) by experiment. In previous studies, the performance evaluation of the FO-CDMA system using SCAE and SCAD was not sufficiently accurate because they analyzed system performance only considering the first order signals. Since optical SCAE and SCAD intrinsically have high order signals of various patterns as the number of coupler increases, they change auto- and cross-correlation intensities. Thus, it is necessary to investigate properties of the PCAE and PCAD so that we may analyze the exact performance of system. In this paper, it is found that the peak to sidelobe ratio using the PCAE and PCAD increases as $\alpha$ (coupling coefficient) value increases. Also, we found that the proposed PCAE and PCAD are superior to SCAE and SCAD in performance improvement.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.315-321
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• 2015

The aim of the present work was to investigate the effect of NaCl concentration on the emulsifying and rheological properties of porcine myofibrillar protein (MF)-stabilized soybean oil and fish oil emulsion (SO-EMs and FO-EMs). Emulsions (EMs) were prepared from 1% MF with 10% SO or FO at various NaCl concentration (0-0.5 M). The emulsifying ability index (EAI) of the EMs increased with increasing NaCl concentration for both oil types. Conversely, increasing NaCl manifested decrease in the emulsion stability index (ESI). In addition, creaming index (CI) also increased with NaCl concentration. From the microscopic observation, droplets of the EMs were more aggregated at relatively higher NaCl concentrations, especially for FO-EMs. All EMs had a gel-like structure owing to G' > G" from the rheological analysis. Comparing the oil types, the emulsifying capacity of SO-EMs was more stable than that of FO-EMs at all NaCl concentrations as determined from the CI value and microscopic observation. Therefore, it can be concluded that SO-EMs and FO-EMs are more stable at relatively lower concentrations of NaCl. In addition, the dispersed stability of SO-EMs was better than that of FO-EMs at the same concentration of NaCl.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.173-184
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of manipulating loudness and pitch in terms of speech intelligibility and voice of a patient with Parkinson's Disease. The subject, who was diagnosed as a patient with Parkinson's disease 11 years ago, demonstrated a severely breath voice with low intensity. The accuracy of articulation in consonants was intelligible only at the single word level, and the overall intelligibility in continuous speech was low. The results showed that the subject's articulation accuracy and speech intelligibility was significantly improved after having loudness and pitch training. Habitual Fo, Jitter, Shimmer, Fo tremor, Amp tremor were decreased after training. In addition, the value of HNR also increased after training. It was shown that the changes of these acoustic parameters were closely related to the decrease of breathiness in Parkinson's voice, and this decrease of breathiness affected speech intelligibility considerably. Based on the experimental results, it was claimed that the vocal training by manipulating the loudness and pitch could be highly effective in improving the voice quality and speech intelligibility in Parkinson's Disease.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 1995

To produce ethanol from Jerusalem artichoke powder efficiently, Kluyveromyces marxianus FO43 cells were encapsulated in 2% sodium alginate and were cultured in batch reactor to investigate the fermentation properties. Batch culture of immobilized cells left for 4 days in 15% Jerusalem artichoke medium showed ethanol concentration of 3.38%(w/v) and ethanol yield to theoretical value of 54.20%, lower than 3.76%(w/v) and 71.13% for the culture of free cells. Addition of cellulase to $15{\sim}20%$ Jerusalem artichoke media increased the production of ethanol, owing to remarkable reduction in consistency of the suspension. So it was possible to achieve an ethanol concentration of 5.57%(w/v) arid an ethanol yield to theoretical value of 68.86% in even 20% Jerusalem artichoke medium by cultivation of immobilized cells for 4 days. The alginate beads showed constant ethanol productivity after recycling 11 times (22 days) in repeated batch fermentation.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.820-832
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• 2012

This study was investigated to obtain basic data which can be applied to processing of canned seasoned sea mussel. Shell was washed and steamed for 10 min before shucking. Sea mussel meat was seasoned with mixed seasoning sauce(soy sauce 23%, monosodiun glutamate 2%, sorbitol 2%, sesame oil 1%, vinegar 2%, starch syrup 15%, water 55%) for 30 min The seasoned sea mussel 60 g was vacuum packed in RR-90 can and fill with seasoning sauce 30 mL and grape seed oil 30 mL respectively, and then there was sterilized for various Fo values(Fo 8~12 min) in a steam system retort at $121^{\circ}C$. pH, VBN, amino-N, total amino acid, free amino acid, color value, texture profile, TBA value, mineral content, sensory evaluation and viable cells count of the canned seasoned sea mussels sterilized with various conditions(Fo 8~12 min) were measured. The same experimental items were also measured during storage. There was no remarkable difference between sterilized conditions and sensual characteristics. The results showed that the product of filled with grape seed oil sterilized at Fo 8 min was the most desirable.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.709-722
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• 2011

This study was investigated to obtain basic data which can be applied to processing of retort pouched seasoned sea mussel. Shell was washed and steamed before shucking. Sea mussel meat was seasoned in boiled and mixed seasoning sauce(soy sauce 23%, monosodiun glutamate 2%, sorbitol 2%, sesame oil 1%, vinegar 2%, starch syrup 15%, water 55%) for 30 min. The seasoned sea mussel was vacuum packed in plastic film bag and sterilized for various Fo values(Fo 7~13 min.) in a hot water circulation system retort at $121^{\circ}C$. The chemical composition such as pH, VBN, amino-N, total amino acid, free amino acid, color value (L, a, b), texture profile, TBA value, mineral, sensory evaluation and viable cells count of the retort pouched seasoned sea mussels sterilized with various conditions(Fo 7~13 min.) were measured. The same experimental items were also measured during storage. There was no remarkable difference between sterilization conditions and sensual characteristics. The results showed that the product sterilized at Fo 7 min. was the most desirable because this condition is most economical.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.44-48
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• 1997

Anatomic and physiological changes of the larynx with advancing age result in morphologic changes of the vocal fold and reduced control of the phonatory mechanism in elderly individuals and are reflected in increased unstability of fundamental frequency (Fo). The purpose of this study is to increase current understanding of acoustic and stroboscopic characteristics of normal elderly persons voices. First, phonated /a/ vowel productions by 40 normal adults (20 to 40 years, 20 men and 20 women) and 40 normal elderly persons (60 to 80 years,20 men and 20 women) were analyzed, using CSL (model 4300B) acoustic analysis software, to obtain acoustic measures related to fundamental frequency stability nd vocal resonance characteristics. Second, stroboscopic images of the vocal fold behavior in all subjects were analyzed by experienced specialists. In the men, fundamental frequency variation (vFe) (p＜0.01), jitter. (p＜0.05), and shimmer (p＜0.05) for the older group were significantly higher than the value for the adult group. In the stroboscopic findings, edema of vocal fold had a significant finding in aged men (15%). In the women, vFo (p＜0.05), jitter (p＜0.05), and noise to harmonic ratio (NHR) (p＜0.05) for the older group were significantly higher than the value for e adult group and first formant frequency (F1) (p＜0.01) and second formant frequency (F2) (p＜0.01) for. the older group were significantly lower than the value for the adult group. In the stroboscopic findings, vocal fold atrophy had a significant finding in aged women (25%). Frequency stability, as reflected by vFo, jitter, shimmer, and NHR, decreases with advancing age in men and women and spectral analysis of phonated /a/ vowel productions reveals the lowering of the frequency of F1 and second F2 with advancing age, especially in aged women. Change in the mass of vocal folds, due to atrophy or edema, is considered to be the greatest factor in these acoustic changes.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.391-400
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• 2016

In this work, novel thin film composite (TFC) forward osmosis (FO) membranes are developed via interfacial polymerization on the polysulfone (PS) substrate, using TEOS as the a sol-gel reagent to form hydrophilic interlayer polymer between PS and polyamide (PA). The PS substrate was cast on a very thin polyester nonwoven to reduce membrane resistance. With the incorporation of TEOS (tetraethoxy silane) polymer in the interface between PS and PA, the formed TFC FO membrane exhibits better hydrophilicity and improved water flux, and therefore superior membrane performance. By changing the polymerization sequence of PA interfacial polymerization and TEOS sol-gel condensation, the surface properties and performance of FO membranes are changed significantly. The permeability of FO membranes were estimated using the bench-scale FO test equipment. The distribution of the polysiloxane on composite membrane and morphology are also studied with FE-SEM and EDAX. The PS_PA_TEOS membrane showed highly enhanced water flux (79.2 LMH) but reverse salt flux (RSF) value (7.10 GMH) also increased. However, the flux of PS_TEOS_PA membrane increased moderately (54.1 LMH) without increasing RSF value (1.60 GMH) compare with PS_PA membrane.

• Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.1231-1244
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• 2014

Oysters, especially are excellent source of several mineral including iron, zinc and selenium, which are often low in the mordern diet. They are also an excellent source of glycogen, vitamin B12 and considered the healthiest when eaten raw on the half shell in good tasted season from November to March. This study was investigated for the purpose of obtaining basic data which can be applied to processing of two kinds of canned boiled oyster (canned boiled oyster, canned boiled oyster in bamboo salt). Shucked oyster meat was cooked in steam (15min) after washing with water, filled 90g into can (301-3), added with salt solution and then precooked for 10 min. at $100^{\circ}C$. Canned boiled oyster was added 1.5% salt solution 60mL. Canned boiled oyster in bamboo salt was added 0.5% salt solution 30mL and 0.7% bamboo salt solution 30mL. The cans were seamed using a vacuum seamer, and then sterilized for various Fo values (Fo 8~12 min.) in a steam system retort at $116^{\circ}C$, $118^{\circ}C$. Viable bacterial count, proximate composition, pH, salinity, yield, VBN, amino-N, TBA, mineral, color value, free amino acid, hardness and sensory evaluation of two kinds of canned boiled oyster produced at various sterilization condition (Fo 8~12 min.) were measured after divide to meat and juice. The results showed that canned boiled oyster in bamboo salt sterilized at Fo 8 min. was the most desirable because this condition is the most economical and tasty.