• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.141-147
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• 1998

Under high temperature and high pressure, cyanogen disinter gration distruction mechanism brought followings results through continuous plug flow reactor system. 1. The temperature was a important reacting factor in cyanogen disintegration. Over $612.8^{\cird}K$ high disintegration rate or 99.99% was shown even under $2000{\;}mg/{\ell}$ cyanogen density. 2. The conditions of cyanogen disintegration was gained through experimenting the supercrietical condition of water in basic. To gain 99.99% disintegration rate under $1000{\;}mg/{\ell}$ early cyanogen density, the pressure showed 52.8 seconds at $523^{\cird}K$ and 84.2 atm and gained $0.56{\;}mg/{\ell}$ operating density. 3. Here is the reaction velocity formula of cyanogen disintegration by hydrolysis: This formula indicates the high possibility of cyanogen disintegration within a short time. And it also implys the potential possibility on treating NBDICOD and the technology in developing the environment cleaning progress as small size automatic controlling equipment.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.423-440
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• 2003

Arbitrary Lagrangian Eulerian finite element methods gain interest for the capability to control mesh geometry independently from material geometry, the ALE methods are used to create a new undistorted mesh for the fluid domain. In this paper we use the ALE technique to solve fuel slosh problem. Fuel slosh is an important design consideration not only for the fuel tank, but also for the structure supporting the fuel tank. "Fuel slosh" can be generated by many ways: abrupt changes in acceleration (braking), as well as abrupt changes in direction (highway exit-ramp). Repetitive motion can also be involved if a "sloshing resonance" is generated. These sloshing events can in turn affect the overall performance of the parent structure. A finite element analysis method has been developed to analyze this complex event. A new ALE formulation for the fluid mesh has been developed to keep the fluid mesh integrity during the motion of the tank. This paper explains the analysis capabilities on a technical level. Following the explanation, the analysis capabilities are validated against theoretical using potential flow for calculating fuel slosh frequency.

• Journal of Integrative Natural Science
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.47-53
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• 2008

In a previous study, we showed that Cecropin A (1-8)-Magainin 2 (1-12) hybrid peptide (CA-MA)'s analogue, Anal P5, exhibit broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity. Anal P5, designed by flexible region (positions 9, 10)-substitution, Lys- (positions 4, 8, 14, 15) and Leu- (positions 5, 6, 12, 13, 16, 17, 20) substitutions, showed an enhanced antimicrobial and antitumor activity without hemolysis. The primary objective of the present study was to gain insight into the relevant mechanisms of antimicrobial activities of Anal P5 by using flow cytometric analysis. Anal P5 exhibits strong antifungal activity in a salt concentration independent manner. In addition, Anal P5 causes significant morphological alterations of the bacterial surfaces as shown by scanning electron microscopy, supporting its antibacterial activity. Its potent antibiotic activity suggests that Anal P5 is an excellent candidate as a lead compound for the development of novel antibiotic agents.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.27 no.6
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• pp.725-732
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• 2005

The reconfiguration management scheme changes a logical topology in response to changing traffic patterns in the higher layer of a network or the congestion level on the logical topology. In this paper, we formulate a reconfiguration scheme with a shared buffer-constrained cost model based on required quality-of-service (QoS) constraints, reconfiguration penalty cost, and buffer gain cost through traffic aggregation. The proposed scheme maximizes the derived expected reward-cost function as well as guarantees the required flow's QoS. Simulation results show that our reconfiguration scheme significantly outperforms the conventional one, while the required physical resources are limited.

• International Journal of Control, Automation, and Systems
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.56-69
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• 2005

In this paper, it is clearly shown that the two well-known necessary and sufficient conditions mp n as generic static output feedback pole-assignment and mp + d(m+p) n+d as generic minimum d-th order dynamic output feedback pole-assignment on complex field, unbelievably, do not match up each other in strictly proper linear systems. For the analysis, a diagram analysis is newly created (which is defined by the analysis of 'convoluted rectangular/dot diagrams' constructed via node-branch conversion of the signal flow graphs of output feedback gain loops). Under this diagram analysis, it is proved that the minimum d-th order dynamic output feedback compensator for pole-assignment in m-input, p-output, n-th order systems is quantitatively decomposed into static output feedback compensator and its associated d number of arbitrary 1st order dynamic elements in augmented (m+d)-input, (p+d)-output, (n+d)-th order systems. Total configuration of the mismatched data is presented in a Table.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2005.05b
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• pp.69-72
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• 2005

In this study, it is contents to application on AE water reducing admixture for high early strength, which reduce to construction period for cost down in construction. In experiment result on the kinds of AE water reducing admixture for concrete strength promotion, when passed 60 minutes, while it was happened on lignin and naphthalene system about $30\∼35\%$ that loss related to slump, slump flow and air, but happened about $8\∼10\%$ on polycarboxylic system. And the result of compressive strength tests, when 32 hours passed in polycarboxylic system than lignin and naphthalene system, was showing an increase of 10$\%$. Accordingly, concrete properties was measured to condition change by the addition amount and curing temperature of polycarboxylic system. The required curing temperature to gain 5MPa of compressive strength, which is capable of side form stripping, must keep more than smallest 12. 5$^{circ}C$ when polycarboxylic system is used. As a result, AE water reducing admixture of polycarboxylic system may apply effectively to high early strength concrete

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2000.07d
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• pp.2333-2335
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• 2000

The main motivation of this research is to develop an intelligent control strategy for Activated Sludge Process(ASP). ASP is a complex and nonlinear dynamic system because of the characteristic of a wastewater, the change of an influent flow rate, weather conditions, and etc. The mathematical model of ASP also includes uncertainties which are ignored or not considered by process engineer or controller designer. The ASP is generally controlled by a PID controller that consists of fixed proportional, integral, and derivative gain values. The PID gains can be adjusted by the expert in the ASP. The ASP model based on Matlab$^{(R)}$5.3/Simulink$^{(R)}$3.0 is developed in this paper. Various control methods are applied to the ASP model and the control results are disscussed. Three control methods are designed and tested: conventional PID controller, fuzzy logic control approach to modify setpoints, and fuzzy-PID control method.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.28 no.11
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• pp.1719-1726
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• 2004

Direct drive servovalve(DDV) is a kind of one-stage valve because the main spool valve is directly driven by the DC motor. Since the structure of DDV is simple, it is less expensive, more reliable and offers reduced internal leakage and reduced sensitivity to fluid contamination. However, the flow force effect on the spool motion is significant such that it induces large steady-state error in a step response. If the proportional control gain is increased to reduce the steady-state error, the system becomes unstable. In order to satisfy the system design requirements, the lead-lag controller is designed using the complex method that is one kind of constrained direct search method.

• Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.258-266
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• 2012

This paper describes a biped walking algorithm for a hydraulic humanoid robot on inclined floors. To realize stable and robust biped walking, the walking algorithm was divided into five control strategies. The first is a joint position control strategy. This strategy is for tracking desired joint position trajectories with a gain switching. The second is a multi-model based ZMP (Zero Moment Point) control strategy for dynamic balance. The third is a walking pattern flow control strategy for smooth transition from step to step. The fourth is an ankle compliance control, which increases the dynamic stability at the moment of floor contact. The last is an upright pose control strategy for robust walking on an inclined floor. All strategies are based on simple pendulum models and include practical sensory feedback in order to implement the strategies on a physical robot. Finally, the performance of the control strategies are evaluated and verified through dynamic simulations of a hydraulic humanoid on level and inclined floors.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society for Simulation Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.112-115
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• 2005

In this paper, had known weighing machine from the urine weight measuring, nonflexible net type resistant installed on uroflowmetry measures of occured uroflow from the origin voided flow vector force and detrusor action related to gain newly form's uroflowmetry embodied and than, whether clinical application took usefulness assessment.