• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국철도학회 2011년도 정기총회 및 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.2653-2660
• /
• 2011

Facilities for disabled person are currently required for rolling stock and its requirements are increased. Researching and development to meet these requirements must be necessary. One of them, ramp between platform and train for wheelchair user was developed and applied in real project, the case is described as per the result. The main contents of this paper is for double leaves type wheelchair ramp development operated by manual. This ramp is fixed at floor area of interior with locking device. So operating is allowed for authorized person only. Beside of this, brief comparison with other types will be mentioned.

• 산업공학
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.73-84
• /
• 2009

In this paper, we propose a dispatching algorithm for constructing a Factory Operating System (FOS) which can operate semiconductor fabrication factories more efficiently and effectively. We first define ten dispatching criteria and propose two methods to apply the defined dispatching criteria sequentially and simultaneously (i.e. fixed dispatching architecture). However the fixed type methods cannot apply the criteria adaptively by considering changes in the semiconductor fabrication factories. To overcome this type of weakness, an adaptive dispatching architecture is proposed for applying the dispatching criteria dynamically based on the factory status. The status can be determined by combining evaluation results from the following three status criteria; target movement, workload balance, and utilization rate. Results from the shop floor in past few periods showed that the proposed methodology gives a good performance with respect to the productivity, workload balance, and machine utilization. We can expect that the proposed adaptive dispatching architecture will be used as a useful tool for operating semiconductor fabrication factories more efficiently and effectively.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제4권3호
• /
• pp.325-339
• /
• 2013

A number of structural and modal parameters are derived from the strong motion records of an instrumented G + 9 storeyed RC building during Bhuj earthquake, 26 Jan. 2001 in India. Some of the extracted parameters are peak floor accelerations, storey drift and modal characteristics. Modal parameters of the building are also compared with the values obtained from ambient vibration survey of the instrumented building after the occurrence of earthquake. These parameters are further used for calibrating the accuracy of fixed-base Finite Element (FE) models considering structural and non-structural elements. Some conclusions are drawn based on theoretical and experimental results obtained from strong motion records and time history analysis of FE models. An important outcome of the study is that strong motion peak acceleration profile in two horizontal directions is close to FE model in which masonry infill walls are modeled.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 2000년도 제15차 학술회의논문집
• /
• pp.299-299
• /
• 2000

In this paper, a determination method of number of AGVs fer introducing to the multi-path material handling systems is presented by using genetic algorithm. For serving the raw material to each work stations automatically, there needs to introduce a AGVs for transfer the raw martial. To reduce the overall production cost in the material handling systems, however, a trade off exists between the amount of inventory hold on the shop floor and the number of AGVs needed to provide adequate service. In this paper, firstly a objective function which included the net present fixed costs of each stations and each purchased AGVs, delivering cost. stock inventory cost, and safety stock inventory cost is presented. Secondly by using genetic algorithm, the optimal reorder quantity at each stations is decided, where the number of AGVs is increased step by step. From a simulation with different GA parameters, we can determine a optimal number of AGVs to reduce the overall production cost. Thus, the effectiveness of GA for determining the number of AGVs is verified in automated material handling systems.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
• /
• 제7권4호
• /
• pp.319-325
• /
• 2001

Recently. AGV systems are used to serve the raw material to each work stations automatically. There exists a trade-off between the adequate service supply and the number of purchased AGVs. Also, to reduce the overall production cost, the amount of inventory hold on the shop floor should be considered. In this paper, we present a heuristic technique for determining the number of AGVs which includes the net present fixed costs of each station, each purchased AGV, delivering cost, stock inventory cost, and safety stock inventory cost. Secondly, by using a genetic algorithm, the optimal number of AGVs and the optimal reorder quantity at each station are decided. Lastly, to verify then heuristic algorithm, we have done a computer simulation with different GA parameters.

• 한국디지털건축인테리어학회논문집
• /
• 제6권1호
• /
• pp.5-11
• /
• 2006

Korea and China have had close relations not only geographically but also ideally and culturally throughout history. Regarding their lifestyles on housing patterns, however, Koreans had a sedentary way of life, usually sitting on the floor while Chinese had a standing lifestyle, sitting on a chair. This paper tries to have a comparative analysis on similarities and distinctions of two countries' traditional furniture that had complied with each lifestyle. This paper also aims to explore the similarities and distinctions of the form and function of the traditional furniture of the two countries and then to put results of this paper in design and plan of modern furniture and housing in our times. The study can be summarized as follows. Even if, cultural and historical relationships of two countries, there is a different of traditional furniture's forms and types. The major differences are as following : Korean furniture is predominantly on the floor level with storing furniture while Chinese one is intermixed with seat-level and floor level styles. These characters seem to be derived from their own housing and life style. In Ming and Qing period China, Their developed in which intermediate people and building. But, in Korea their housing style had floating floor against wet earth, which finished woods, Ondol. Because of these finishing, the Korean traditional furniture was developed into a good form and a suitable dimension for moving. These differences in furnishing style seemed to well reflect building and housing style of each country. And Image map and positioning map can show the differences in a whole aspect.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.216-224
• /
• 2013

There are the relevant provisions that apply to building regulations about the Building codes, Fire Protection laws, and more Multi-using interior finish materials businesses etc. The differences between these regulations are as follows: The Building codes is defined the main use of the building according to facilities to used to set the scale by the use of the floor space, On the other hand, Fire Protection laws are the basic purpose and the act of using the architectural space(or sales) by separating object by fire. And Multiple-using Businesses Facilities consist of two regulations engaged in the kind of law and the size of the floor area. One building can not be based on operating facilities and together in Multiple use businesses Law. As such, the Buildings are applied to the Building codes, Fire Protection laws, such as Multi-using Businesses Facilities interior construction industry due to the structural differences in the position of the designer feeling a lot of difficulties and confusion. The Multi-use businesses Facilities engage in the kind of law, the size of the floor area and seating capacity. These can not be based on operating facilities, and consists of two regulations together in one building. This study is purposed to help improving the finish of the interior architecture that is related to the Building code regulations, Fire Protection laws, Multi-using Facilities interior finishing material relevant with the provisions from the law through analyze the case of developed countries, and the current Multiple use Businesses Facilities research range from the law of multiple-using facilities, interior finishing, interior architecture for supervision reasonably and compensation for the interior design. So, Result is as follows: First, interior decorations can be separated the fixed material and the moveable things. second, It should be included multi-using Business though small size business space at the basement floor. third, It should be established statute law that design and construction responsibility. forth, re-testing fire resist performance after some period. and finally, it need to mitigate regulation where be installed sprinkler.

• Imaging Science in Dentistry
• /
• 제32권3호
• /
• pp.159-165
• /
• 2002

Purpose: The aim of this study was to introduce a method of obtaining the oscillation graphs of the dental x-ray tube heads relative to time using an accelerometer. Materials and Methods: An Accelerometer, Piezotron type 8704B25 (Kistler Instrument Co., Amherst, NY, USA) was utilized to measure the horizontal oscillation of the x-ray tube head immediately after positioning the tube head for an intraoral radiograph. The signal from the sensor was transferred to a dynamic signal analyzer, which displayed the magnitude of the acceleration on the Y-axis and time lapse on the X -axis. The horizontal oscillation of the tube head was measured relative to time, and the settling time was also determined on the basis of the acceleration graphs for 6 wall type, 5 floor-fixed type, and 4 mobile type dental x-ray machines. Results : The oscillation graphs showed that tube head movement decreased rapidly over time. The settling time varied with x-ray machine types. Wall-type x-ray machines had a settling time of up to 6 seconds, 5 seconds for fixed floor-types, and 1 I seconds for the mobile-types. Conclusion: Using an accelerometer, we obtained the oscillation graphs of the dental x-ray tube head relative to time. The oscillation graph with time can guide the operator to decide upon the optimum exposure moment after x-ray tube head positioning for better radiographic resolution.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제8권4호
• /
• pp.1368-1389
• /
• 2014

Three-dimensional multiple-input multiple-output (3D MIMO) and large-scale MIMO are two promising technologies for upcoming high data rate wireless communications, since the inter-user interference can be reduced by exploiting antenna vertical gain and degree of freedom, respectively. In this paper, we derive the achievable sum rate of 3D MIMO systems employing zero-forcing (ZF) receivers, accounting for log-normal shadowing fading, path-loss and antenna gain. In particular, we consider the prevalent log-normal model and propose a novel closed-form lower bound on the achievable sum rate exploiting elevation features. Using the lower bound as a starting point, we pursue the "large-system" analysis and derive a closed-form expression when the number of antennas grows large for fixed average transmit power and fixed total transmit power schemes. We further model a high-building with several floors. Due to the floor height, different floors correspond to different elevation angles. Therefore, the asymptotic achievable sum rate performances for each floor and the whole building considering the elevation features are analyzed and the effects of tilt angle and user distribution for both horizontal and vertical dimensions are discussed. Finally, the relationship between the achievable sum rate and the number of users is investigated and the optimal number of users to maximize the sum rate performance is determined.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.73-85
• /
• 2014

초고령사회에 근접함에 따라 교통약자의 수는 더불어 증가하고 있는 추세로 여러 국가들은 교통약자의 이동편의를 위해 저상버스를 도입을 적극 추진 중이다. 우리나라 저상버스는 도입은 시내버스 중 30%를 도입하려 하고 있지만 저상버스 노선 운영에 대한 계획은 부재한 상황이다. 실제 저상버스 이용 실태조사에서는 이용효율이 높지 않게 나타나고 있어 저상버스 노선선정 방안이 필요한 실정이다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 국내 교통약자의 통행특성을 분석하고 저상버스 도입에 따른 노선선정 방안을 검토하였다. 전라북도를 대상으로 설문조사를 한 결과 교통약자의 통행목적은 복지와 의료가 주를 이루며, 일주일에 6회 이상 통행하는 비율이 적은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 이동을 위한 주 교통수단은 37.6%가 버스로 분석되어 교통약자의 편의증진을 위해서는 버스의 개선이 우선적으로 필요한 것으로 나타났다. 수집한 설문조사를 기반으로 교통약자 O-D를 구축하고 저상버스가 우선적으로 도입해야 하는 노선을 선정한 결과 교통약자 밀집지역을 시종점으로 하는 버스노선이 가장 우선적으로 도입되어야 하며, 다음은 시내를 순환하는 노선, 마지막으로 그 외노선 순서로 저상버스를 도입하는 것이 교통약자의 저상버스 이용효율을 최대화 할 수 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 더불어, 인구 200,000명을 기준으로 이상일 경우 고정된 노선을, 이하일 경우 수요응답형 노선을 제공하는 것이 효율과 경제적 측면에서 가장 적절한 저상버스의 도입방안으로 분석되었다. 향후 본 연구에서 도출한 결과는 교통약자의 편의증진을 위한 교통계획 수립의 기반 연구 및 자료로 활용 될 수 있을 것으로 기대된다.