• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.6
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• pp.472-477
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• 2011

The Forsythiae Fructus is an oriental medicine containing various lignans. In this study, the Forsythiae Fructus were extracted by hot water (Sample 1), hot water after bio-conversion using Lactobacillus strain (Sample 2-LP2, 2-LA, 2-LC, 2-LL, 2-BL and 2-LM) and 70% ethanol (Sample 3). Total polyphenol and flavonoid contents were improved by bio-conversion process using Lactobacillus strain, compared to water extract. Especially, sample 2-LL and 2-LA which had shown the high total polyphenol and flavonoid content in antioxidant activity. Also, sample 2-LL and 2-LA showed higher melanin generation inhibitory activity as of 55%, 53% in maximum extract concentration of $100{\mu}g/m{\ell}$. In the anti-inflammation test of the Forsythiae Fructus extracts, nitric oxide (NO) synthesis was inhibited. Specially, both 70% Forsythiae Fructus ethanol extract and sample 2-BL which have shown the relatively higher 1,1-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging and superoxide dismutase (SOD) like activities. In conclusion, the Forsythiae Fructus extracts with bio-conversion process has effect of skin whitening and anti-inflammation activity than other extracts. It could be used as a valuable materials for functional cosmetics.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.245-254
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• 2012

This study was performed to determine the component analysis and measurements of antioxidant activities from natural seasoning containing Lentinus edodes powder (NSLP) in order to detect the biological activities and develop novel functional resources. It was extracted with 70% ethanol and then further fractionated to hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, butanol and water. Methods used in this experiment were measured to examine total polyphenol contents and total flavonoid contents, reducing power and Superoxide dismutase-like activity. Composition analysis were highly composed of carbohydrate as 44.1%. The minerals of different organics were highly composed of sodium as 5,073 mg/100g. There were seventeen total amino acids in NSLP. The glutamic acid content was high up to 16.9 mg/g and aspartic acid, lysine, leucine, alanine were followed. Predominant fatty acid was linoleic acid (62.7%) in NSLP. Contents of total polyphenols in butanol fraction from NSLP were 16.38 mg/100mL. While overall butanol fraction have higher reducing power than ethanol extract, after the addition of 400 ${\mu}g/mL$ butanol fraction, auto oxidation of pyrogallol decreased to 83.62% as a result of superoxide dismutase-like activity. A positive correlation was observed between total polyphenol, flavonoid and antioxidant activities.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Community Living Science Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.91-91
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• 2009

Pulses are an annual leguminous crop yielding from one to twelve grains or seeds. This study was used eight pulses except for green beans. We evaluated the chemical characteristics of these raw pulses produced in Korea. The nutritional and functional contents such as moisture, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid, ash, dietary fiber, minerals(Ca, P, Fe, Na, and K), vitamins (A, E, C, B groups, folic acid, and niacin), total polyphenol, carotenoid, and flavonoid containing isoflavone were investigated. As a results, all raw samples were shown the high levels of almost nutritional contents (especially, protein, fats, and fat-soluble vitamins). In addition, yellow soybeans, red bean, and kidney bean were high the contents of total polyphenol. Of the functional contents, three lands of the yellow soybeans were shown the high flavonoid. This study represent much to provide the fundamental nutrition and function data in pulses because they have significant nutritional and health advantages for humans.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Community Living Science Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.90-90
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• 2009

Cereals or cereal grains, are grasses cultivated for the edible components of their fruit seeds. In this study we evaluated the chemical characteristics of 12 raw cereals produced in Korea. The nutritional and functional contents such as moisture, carbohydrate, crude protein, crude lipid, ash, dietary fiber, minerals(Ca, P, Fe, Na, and K), vitamins (A, E, C, B groups, folic acid, and niacin), total polyphenol, carotenoid, and flavonoid containing isoflavone were investigated. Especially, the dietary fiber were determined and divided into three contents such as total, soluble, and insoluble fibers. As a results, the black rice was shown the high total polyphenol and flavonoid contents. They were included the rich vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, fats and protein. The other chemical compositions were not shown the remarkable differences among cereal cultivar. This result can be used as basic data for specific cooking or functional study.

• Food Engineering Progress
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.256-266
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• 2017

This study was designed to optimize ethanol extraction process of unfertilized corn silk (UCS) to maximize phytochemical contents and bioactivities. The response surface methodology (RSM) with central composite design (CCD) was employed to obtain the optimal extraction conditions. The influence of ethanol concentration, extraction temperature and extraction time on total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, maysin contents, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activities and tyrosinase inhibition were analyzed. For all dependable variables, the most significant factor was ethanol concentration followed by extraction temperature and extraction time. The following optimum conditions were determined by simultaneous optimization of several responses with the Derringer's desirability function using the numerical optimization function of the Design-Expert program: ethanol concentration 80.45%, extraction temperature $53.49^{\circ}C$, and extraction time 4.95 h. Under these conditions, the predicted values of total polyphenol contents, total flavonoid contents, maysin contents, DPPH radical scavenging activity and tyrosinase inhibition were $2758.74{\mu}g\;GAE/g$ dried sample, $1520.81{\mu}g\;QUE/g$ dried sample, 810.26 mg/100g dried sample, 56.86% and 43.49%, respectively, and the overall desirability (D) was 0.74.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• v.42 no.2
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• pp.25-32
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• 2021

Mulberry fruit (Morus alba L.) contains phytochemicals, including 1-deoxynojirimycin, quercetin-glucoside, kaempferol-glucoside, and anthocyanins, which have antioxidant effects. In this study, mulberry fruit extract was prepared at various temperatures (25-100℃) and water/ethanol solvent concentrations (0%-100% ethanol). Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and circular dichroism (CD) data indicated that the content of bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids was lower in 100% ethanolic extracts than in 30%-50% ethanolic extracts. Radical scavenging activity determined using 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azino-di-3-ethylbenzthiazoline sulfonic acid (ABTS) assays was highly correlated with polyphenol and flavonoid content. In conclusion, 30%-50% ethanolic extracts contained the highest contents of bioactive compounds and exhibited high levels of radical scavenging activity. These findings may inform the use of mulberry fruit extract as a functional food.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.33 no.2
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• pp.104-111
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• 2018

This study aims to compare and analyze a willow tree (Salix Koreensis andersson) extract's antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity by investigating its: total polyphenol, flavonoid content, SOD-like activity, DPPH vitality. the willow tree was induced with LPS to determine its active anti-inflammatory effects. as a result, the willow methanol extract showed a higher total polyphenol and flavonoid content than those of willow distilled water extract, but the willow distilled water extract showed a higher SOD than that of willow methanol extract. in its DPPH scavenging ability, the willow methanol extract's antioxidant activity was higher than that of the willow distilled water extract. the willow extract's measurements such as the production of NO, inflammatory cytokine ($TNF-{\alpha}$, IL-6 measurement) were significantly reduced as its concentration level went down. according to the research outcomes, when induced, he will extract's macrophage produces mediator-like substances such as NO and inflammatory cytokine that can be used to alleviate the inflammatory response. therefore, the willow tree proved to be a useful raw plant material for the products designed to combat inflammatory activities due to its natural antioxidant and anti-inflammatory response substances such as NO and cytokine.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.28 no.5
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• pp.488-494
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• 2013

This study assessed the quality characteristics of Yanggaeng prepared with different ratios of Citrus mandarin powder: 0, 2, 4, and 6%. The moisture content was lowest in the controls, while there were no significant differences among the groups supplemented with Citrus mandarin powder. The pH significantly decreased as the amount of Citrus mandarin powder increased. The lightness (L), redness (a), and yellowness (b) were lower in control groups compared to Citrus mandarin powder groups. Texture profile analysis showed that the hardness of the Citrus mandarin powder groups were lower than the control (which was the highest). The total polyphenol and flavonoid content and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) radical scavenging activity increased as the amount of Citrus mandarin powder increased. The result of a sensory evaluation test revealed no significant differences between the controls and groups with 2% Citrus mandarin powder added in color, smell, taste, texture, and overall acceptability.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.1004-1010
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• 2015

This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the physicochemical characteristics and antioxidant activity of cheonggukjang with the addition of walnuts. The pH of cheonggukjang did not change significantly with the addition of walnut. But the water content decreased significantly. Walnut addition to the soybean was expected to have a positive effect because the number of Bacillus subtilis was not reduced. The viscous substance content was significantly decreased when more than 20% of walnut was added to cheonggukjang. The addition of walnut made the color darker. The flavonoid and polyphenol content was sharply increased in proportion to the walnut addition and the DPPH radical scavenging activity of cheonggukjang also increased. Altogether, it was found that the addition of walnut had a positive influence on the cheonggukjang by increasing the antioxidant activity.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.63 no.4
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• pp.439-442
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• 2020

In vitro antioxidant and anticoagulant activities of 50% ethanolic extract from Ganghwa medicinal mugwort (Artemisia princeps Pampanini) were investigated. The polyphenol and flavonoid contents of the mugwort extract were 106.9±3.3 and 34.1±0.4 mg/g-extract, respectively. The mugwort extract possessed a potent scavenging activity against radicals and nitrite, reducing power, and lipid peroxidation inhibition activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Also the mugwort extract delayed the plasma coagulation time through the inhibition of common coagulation pathway in a dose-dependent manner.