• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.97-107
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• 2020

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of squat exercise using a ball on the gap between knees and Q angle of a subject with a genu-varum, and to prove the effect, to provide a clinical basis for developing into a knee correction exercise program. Methods : As a result of posture measurement through GPS, 26 female with genu-varum with a knee length of 5 cm or more were studied. The group was randomly assigned to 13 squat exercise group using ball (experimental group) and 13 general squat exercise groups (control group). The experimental group placed the ball between both knees in a position where the distance between both feet was slightly wider than the shoulder width on a flat support surface, and fixed the ball, and then squat with the start signal. The control group squats without a ball. Each group performed three sets of exercise three times a week for six weeks. Before their exercise, after three and six weeks, EMG, GPS, digital goniometer measurement, the vastus medialis (VM), the vastus lateralis (VL), and the Q-angle were measured in the squat exercise posture. EMG was measured in squat exercise posture. Results : The distance between the knees was reduced. EMG is activated in group A, the group B experimental results showed the high activity of the VL. Q-angle had increased. But the experimental group increased more than the control group. Conclusion : We have confirmed through our experiments that the distance interval between the knees during squat exercises using a ball can be reduced. Furthermore, it would also be helpful to ensure the treatment of genu-varum.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제29권6호
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• pp.779-794
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• 2021

In this study, the sales status of female ball-jointed dolls and their parts were investi- gated and analyzed. Baseline data from 194 products and 54 brands on domestic and international Internet sites was gathered for the manufacture of ball-jointed dolls and the development of prototype costumes for them. The results are as follows. First, the sizes used for ball-jointed dolls are SD, USD, MSD, 13SD, and 70SD together with height. This study analyzed 39 sizes (15~70cm) by classifying them into numbered groups: 1 (15~22cm), 2 (23~33cm), 3 (35~51cm), 4 (53~62cm), and 5 (63~70cm). The price varied depending on the size; for example, 50cm dolls were approximately 45,000 won, while limited editions were sold at high prices, regardless of their size. They were classified into designs according to their body proportions and facial features as follows: 7- or 8-head-figure, 5-head figure, and 3-head figure, and were presented proportionally as images of women, adolescents, and infants. Second, the head was incised so that the top could be removed horizontally or the facial region vertically, allowing attachment of the eyeballs (which were either glass, resin, or acrylic) to the inside. More than 30 different colors were sold. Various wig styles were provided, including cut, short hair, and perm. These were made from human hair, heat-resistant fiber, and artificial hair. For the hands, there was a design expressing human hand gestures. For the feet, heels were in the form of wearing either high-heels or flat soles.

• 복식문화연구
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.306-317
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• 2002

본 연구는 발 불편감에 영향을 주는 변인을 추출하여, 불편감을 최소화시킬 수 있으며 발의 불편감에 영향을 주는 변인을 찾기 위하여 수도권에 거주하는 성인 여성 216명을 대상으로 일반적인 사항(연령, 체중, 신장, 직업), 구두특성(굽 높이, 토우모양, 착용시간), 보행습관, 발 불편감은 설문조사를 실시 하고, 족자압을 측정 분석하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1. 발 불편부위는 엄지발가락, 2·3 중족골두, 그리고 새끼발가락 순으로 불편을 많이 느끼는 것으로 나타났다. 발의 불편감에서 요인분석 결과 전신 불편감(요인 1.), 발바닥 불편감(요인 2), 그리고 발가락 불편감(요인 3)의 세 요인으로 분류되었다. 2. 연령이 많아질수록 발바닥에 불편감이 많이 나타났으며, 직업에 따라서 전신과 발바닥에 분편감에 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 학생과 회사원의 경우는 전신, 판매직과 주부의 경우는 발바닥 부위에 불편감이 많다고 하였다. 굽 높이가 높을수록 발바닥 부위에 불편감, 토우모양은 발가락부위에 불편감, 그리고 착용시간이 길수록 발바닥 부위에 불편감이 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 보행특성과 관련해 분석한 결과는 체중이 앞으로 쏠린 상태에서 보행하는 습관은 전신, 발가락 그리고 발바닥 부위에 불편감과 유의한 상관관계를 보이고 있었다. 그 중에서 전신 불편감이 상대적으로 높은 상관관계를 보이고 있다. 접지시간과 발바닥 불편감은 역 상관관계가 있는 것으로, 최대압력은 발가락 불편감과 상관관계가 약하게 존재하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.25-33
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• 2023

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences in static arch height and ankle stability according to the preference for insole height and hardness in the arch area. Method: The study participants were 20 adult males (age: 22.7 ± 1.8 yrs., height: 175.3 ± 4.3 cm, body weight: 72.5 ± 7.7 kg). First, the arch heights of all subjects were measured in static postures (sitting and standing). The inversion and eversion movements of the ankle joint were analyzed during walking (1.3 m/s & 1.7 m/s) and running (2.7 m/s & 3.3 m/s). The variables (static arch height, and inversion and eversion angle of ankle joint) were compared by classifying groups according to the preference for the height and hardness of the arch of the insole. First, it was divided into a high arch insole preference group (HAG, n=8) and a low arch insole preference group (LAG, n=12) according to the preference for the arch height of the insole. Second, it was divided into a high hardness insole preference group (HHG, n=7), medium hardness insole preference group (MHG, n=7), and low hardness insole preference group (LHG, n=6), according to the preference for the arch hardness of the insole. Results: First, the range of motion (ROM) of inversion-eversion at the ankle joint during walking was statistically smaller in HAG than in LAG (p<.05). Second, the arch height change of HHG was statistically greater than that of MHG and LHG (p<.05). Conclusion: In the case of flexible flat feet with a large change in arch height, providing a high hardness arch insole that can disperse foot pressure can improve comfort. It was found that people with high medial and lateral sway of the ankle joint preferred a low arch insole, but it is necessary to differentiate and compare the insole heights of the arch part in detail. In addition, in the case of fast motion such as running, the preference for the arch height and hardness of the insole was not related to the static arch height and ankle stability.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제28권1호
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• pp.21-26
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• 2024

Purpose: Foot pressure measurement devices are used widely in clinical settings for plantar pressure assessments. Despite the availability of various devices, studies evaluating the inter-device reliability are limited. This study compared plantar pressure measurements obtained from HR Mat (Tekscan Inc.) and EMED-n50 (Novel GmbH). Materials and Methods: The study involved 38 healthy male volunteers. The participants were categorized into two groups based on the Meary's angle in standing foot lateral radiographs: those with normal feet (angles ranging from -4° to 4°) and those with mild flatfeet (angles from -8° to -15°). The static and dynamic plantar pressures of the participants were measured using HR Mat and EMED-n50. The reliability of the contact area and mean force was assessed using the interclass correlation coefficient (ICC). Furthermore, the differences in measurements between the two devices were examined, considering the presence of mild flatfoot. Results: The ICC values for the contact area and mean force ranged from 0.703 to 0.947, indicating good-to-excellent reliability across all areas. EMED-n50 tended to record higher contact areas than HR Mat. The mean force was significantly higher in the forefoot region when measured with EMED-n50, whereas, in the hindfoot region, this difference was observed only during static measurements with HR Mat. Participants with mild flatfeet exhibited significantly higher contact areas in the midfoot region for both devices, with no consistent differences in the other parameters. Conclusion: The contact area and mean force measurements of the HR Mat and EMED-n50 showed high reliability. On the other hand, EMED-n50 tended to record higher contact areas than HR Mat. In cases of mild flatfoot, an increase in contact area within the midfoot region was observed, but no consistent impact on the differences between the two devices was evident.

• 한국의류산업학회지
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• 제24권6호
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• pp.667-685
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• 2022

본 원고는 소프트 로봇용 4D 프린팅 소재와 어그제틱 구조체에 대한 연구 동향을 정리한 것이다. 먼저 4D 프린팅 소재의 형상 변화 거동을 형상 변화와 형상기억 소재, 이중, 삼중, 다중 형상기억 효과, 접힘과 굽힘, 표면지형별로 구분하여 알아보았다. 형상 변화와 형상기억 소재 등 열이나 수분의 자극에 가역적/비가역적 혹은 규칙적/불규칙적 형상 변형이 가능할 수 있다. 다음으로, 차원별 형상이동 유형에 따른 특성과 물성에 대해 알아본 바, 1차원에서 다차원으로의 형상이동을 1D-1D 팽창/수축, 1D-2D 접힘/굽힘, 1D-3D 접힘 (1D-to-3D folding)으로 구분할 수 있다. 2차원에서 형상이동은 2D-2D 굽힙, 2D3D 굽힘/접힘/꼬임/표면말림/표면지형변화/굽힘과 꼬임, 3차원에서 다차원으로의 형상이동은 3D-3D 굽힙과 3D-3D 선형/비선형 거동으로 구분할 수 있다. 마지막으로 4D 프린팅 메타구조체 중 힌지 구조체를 적용한 KinetiX는 단일단위 터셀레이션과 다중단위 터셀레이션으로 모델링할 수 있고, 평면 및 공간 변환이 용이하고, 컨포머블 헬멧에 적용할 수 있다. 키리가미 구조체를 기본으로 한 공압형 어그제틱 구조체는 역설계 기반 구조체로써 굽힘각도를 제어하는 알고리즘으로 설계할 수 있다. 설계 후 3D 프린팅하여 TPU 멤브레인으로 프로토 타입을 제조하였고, 압력을 낮추면서 원하는 3차원 형상으로 완성될 수 있음을 확인하였다. 온도나 습도 등의 외부자극요소에 따라 형상이나 물성을 변화할 수 있는 재료를 사용하여 변형가능한 3차원 구조체로 성형한 4D 프린팅 소재를 이용하여 상지, 하지, 손, 발 등 소프트 로봇의 외골격(exoskeleton) 소재에 적용할 수 있을 것이다. 즉 자세제어, 상황인식, 동작신호 생성 등 다양한 환경에 대응하여 착용자의 움직임에 고하중, 고기동성, 운동지속성을 지원하는 기능을 갖는 소프트 로봇용 4D 프린팅 소재는 헬스케어 웨어러블 의류 제품화 개발로의 용도 전개가 가능할 것이다. 특히 4D 프린팅 소프트 소재 및 공정개발 분야는 일상 생할 보조용이나 재활치료용 의류를 개발하기 위한 3D 프린팅 소재 및 공정의 원천 기술에 해당하므로 이와 관련한 연구의 기초 자료로서 활용되기를 기대한다.