• 한국항해항만학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.413-424
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• 2003

이 논문에서 필자들은 유럽과 중국에서 거의 비슷한 시기에 나침반이 항해에 이용되었음을 역사적 기록과 최근까지의 연구성과들을 검토함으로써 밝히고자 하였다. 그 연구 결과는 다음과 같다. 첫째, 동서양 문명권에서 항해자들이 나침반을 항해에 이용하기까지 비슷한 과정을 거쳤다. 즉 표침, 축침, 콤파스 카드 순으로 항해용 나침반을 개발하여 사용하였다. 둘째, Frode의 사가(saga)를 고려해 볼 때 중국과 유럽에서는 11세기 경에 나침반을 항해에 이용하였다. 결론적으로 중국인들이 세계 최초로 나침반을 항해에 이용했다는 기존 주장과는 달리, 중국인들과 유럽인들은 거의 비슷한 시기에 서로 독자적으로 나침반을 항해에 이용하였다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제6권7호
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• pp.1980-1987
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• 1999

복원 영상은 원 영상에 비해 항상 왜곡 및 잡음 요소가 첨가되는 경향이 있다. 영상 복원에서는, 변형 요소를 포함한 영상의 잡음, 또는 왜곡 정보를 교정하여 복원 영상의 품질을 향상시키고, 원 영상에 가장 근접한 값으로 표현하여야 한다. 영상 복원을 위한 공간 필터 중에서 선형 필터는 쉽게 구현될 수 있고, 가우시안 잡음 제거율이 높다는 장점이 있지만, 얼룩이나 임펄스 잡음 제거에 대해서는 좋지 않은 성능을 보이기 때문에, 이러한 단점을 보완할 수 있는 비선형 필터 알고리즘으로 본 논문에서는 적응성 다단계 최적화 필터(OAMF : optimal adaptive multistage filter)라는 영상 복원 공간 필터를 제안하였다. 적응성 다단계 최적화 필터는 영상 복원에서 필터링 시간 감소, 잡음 제거율 증가 그리고 외곽선 정보의 보존률 증가 등을 목적으로 역전파 학습 알고리즘의 가중치 학습법을 기반으로 적응성 다단계 필터(AMF)를 최적화 한 것이다. 본 논문에서 제시한 영상 복원 공간필터가 기존의 다른 필터들에 비해 임펄스 잡음 제거와 외곽선 정보 보존 기능, 가우시안 잡음 제거 능력 등이 향상됨을 시뮬레이션 결과로 입증하였다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.552-554
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• 2011

Purpose: Though its general usage, traditional tie-over dressing using suture has a few drawbacks such as difficulty in re-fixation after its opening especially when hematoma or seroma has occurred. It is rather difficult to maintain a stable dressing on curvy parts of body like flank, buttocks and that leads to unsatisfactory results of the surgery. Authors recommend a quick and repeatedly doable method, tie-over dressing that incorporates the usage of hooks and rubber bands. Methods: Debridement was done at a recipient site to be able to do skin graft. A right size of skin graft was prepared and placed upon the defect site with suture. Enough number of hooks were attached using Blue nylon at the normal skin of the edge of grafted area. We Applied dressing with ointment and fluffy gauze then fixed the dressing by attaching a rubber band at the hook to give a certain amount of tension. One or two days after the surgery, we opened the tie-over dressing and repeated the tie-over dressing by reusing the hooks and rubber band. Results: The skin grafts were all successfully taken and by repeating tie-over dressing using hooks and rubber, we could take the advantage of shortened the dressing time and eliminate the inconvenience of the patient and the surgeon by using bandages and fixing tapes. Conclusion: The advantage of tie over dressing using hooks and rubber bsnds are its easy re-doability early detection of probable complications, preventability of reoccurence of hematoma and seroma. Therefore, authors report this as considering the tie-over dressing using hooks and rubber bands is recommendable.

• 한국펄프종이공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국펄프종이공학회 2000년도 제26회 펄프종이기술 국제세미나
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• pp.1-10
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• 2000

The development of paper machines, increasing machine speeds with new, mostly low basis weight and/or high ash content paper grades, as well as the fact that several trends regarding process items have increased the sensitivity of papermaking. At the same time, papermakers are looking for flexibility in the production line. We can say that with all PMs the biggest benefits with the lowest capital spending can be achieved by focusing on improved wet end management. In order to manage wet end chemistry on a paper machine, our goal is to control sub-process through which we can influence the operation of the entire wet end with maximum effect. Key measurements and controls are-white water consistency control which is the most effective way to control retention - charge demand measurement and control which takes care of concentration of the anionic material entering to PM -ash measurements and controls which are deeply related to retention and paper quality This paper presents and concentrates to two of these key controls ; retention and charge. The purpose of charge control is to give the process control the tools to react to changes caused by amount of dissolved and colloida material incoming to wet end system. It is called coagulation or fixing control. Retention control is then taking care of retention aid flow to the process by responding any changes seen in white water consistency. It is called flocculation control. Each of these solutions separately , and even more effectively all together, stabilize the wet end operations and so greatly improve the produced paper quality and machine runnability. Practical results will be presented and they are referring to the latest mill cases. We have developed the first wet end measuring system in the late 1980s and control solutions based on this modern measuring technology were completely updated in 1990s. This paper introduces the principle, operation , and results of our unique wet end analyzers (retention and charge ) which are at the level of automation solutions as a part of paper machine quality control Especially our newest member of the platform , on-line charge analyzer has reached and set new standards to the on-line charge monitoring.

• 펄프종이기술
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• 제32권5호
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• pp.44-53
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• 2000

The development of paper machines, increasing machine speeds with new, mostly low basis weight and/or high ash content paper grades, as well as the fact that several trends regarding process items have increased the sensitivity of papermaking. At the same time, papermakers are looking for flexibility in the production line. We can say that with all PMs, the biggest benefits with the lowest capital spending can be achieved by focusing on improved wet end management. In order to manage wet end chemistry on a paper machine, our goal is to control subprocesses through which we can influence the operation of the entire wet end with maximum effect. Key measurements and controls are - white water consistency control which is the most effective way to control retention. - charge demand measurement and control which takes care of concentration of the anionic material entering to PM. - ash measurements and controls which are deeply related to retention and paper quality. This paper presents and concentrates to two of these key controls: retention and charge. The purpose of charge control is to give the process control the tools to react to changes caused by amount of dissolved and colloidal material incoming to wet end system. It is called coagulation or fixing control. Retention control is then taking care of retention aid flow to the process by responding any changes seen in white water consistency. It is called flocculation control. Each of these solutions separately, and even more effectively all together, stabilize the wet end operations and so greatly improve the produced paper quality and machine runnability. Practical results will be presented and they are referring to the latest mill cases. We have developed the first wet end measuring system in the late 1980s and control solutions based on this modern measuring technology were completely updated in 1990s. This paper introduces the principle, operation, and results of our unique wet end analyzers (retention and charge) which are at the level of automation solutions as a part of paper machine quality control. Especially our newest member of the platform, on-line charge analyzer has reached and set new standards to the on-line charge monitoring.

• 정보과학회 컴퓨팅의 실제 논문지
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• 제21권9호
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• pp.616-621
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• 2015

최근 개발된 소프트웨어들은 많은 수의 컴포넌트들을 가지고 있으며, 복잡성 또한 증가하고 있다. 지난 해 오픈소스 프로젝트 (Eclipse, Mozilla)에서는 하루에 약 375건의 버그 리포트가 제출되었다. 이렇게 증가된 버그 리포트들로 인해 개발자들의 시간과 노력이 불필요하게 증가하고 있다. 또 버그 심각도는 품질 보증 담당자, 프로젝트 매니저 또는 개발자에 의해 직접 판단되므로 그들에 의해 주관적으로 결정된다. 또한 많은 수의 버그 리포트 때문에 심각도 판단에서 실수할 수도 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 버그 심각도 예측 방법을 제안한다. 먼저, 새로운 버그 리포트가 제출되면, 유사한 토픽을 찾아내고 버그 리포트의 메타 필드를 이용하여 후보 버그 리포트의 범위를 줄인다. 추출된 버그 리포트를 Naive Bayes Multinomial 기법에 훈련하여 새로운 버그 리포트의 심각성을 예측한다. 오픈소스 프로젝트에 본 방법을 적용하여 본 방법이 버그 심각도 예측에 효과적이라는 것을 보인다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.180-190
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• 2009

본 연구는 '일본의 공영방송인 NHK가 '아침드라마' 등 드라마 콘텐츠를 통해 어떻게 방송의 공공성을 실현해가고 있는가'에 대해 주목하고 있다. 연구결과 NHK의 드라마 콘텐츠는 일본의 방송법이 정하고 있는 프로그램 편성의 규정에 따라 공공성을 최대한 유지하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. NHK는 드라마 콘텐츠를 통해 과거의 전통문화를 보존하고 새로운 문화를 육성 및 보급하기 위한 정책을 취하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. NHK의 드라마는 일본 사람들이 간직해온 가치관은 물론 전통문화와 직업정신까지 고스란히 담아냄으로써 방송을 통해 전통문화를 수호하겠다는 의지를 보였다. NHK는 또 드라마 콘텐츠를 통해 지역발전이라는 공공성에 충실하고자 한다는 사실도 밝혀졌다. 공영방송인 NHK는 아침드라마의 공익성 실현을 위해 드라마의 방송시기, 방송기간, 방송시간 등을 미리 정해놓고 이를 철저하게 준수하는 등 시청자와의 공적 약속을 중시하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

소프트웨어의 테스트노력 곡선으로서 현재까지는 로지스틱 곡선이 가장 이상적인 것으로 연구되고 있다. 테스트 단계중에 소요되는 테스트노력의 양에 대한 결함 검출비를 현재의 결함 내용에 비례하는 것으로 가정하여 소프트웨어 신뢰도 성장 모델을 비동차 포아송 프로세스(NHPP)로 공식화하되, 이 모델을 이용하여 소프트웨어 신뢰도 척도에 대한 데이터 분석기법을 개발한다. 모든 소프트웨어 개발 환경에서 지금까지 제시된 여러 곡선 중 하나에 의해서 테스트노력 소요 곡선을 표현하는 것은 적절하지 못하다는 것이 밝혀지고 있다. 그러므로, 본 논문에서는 로지스틱 테스트노력 곡선이 소프트웨어의 개발/테스트 노력곡선으로 적절하게 표현될 수 있다는 것과 실제 데이터를 근거로 하여 적용하여서 예측성이 매우 좋은 능력을 가지고 있다는 것을 보이고자 한다.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.253-258
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• 2021

This study aims to expose the potential dangers of K-pop through the past and present of K-pop choreography copyrights and to suggest the need to secure digital choreography copyrights for the sustainability of K-pop considering national responsibility. As the content industry quickly sought countermeasures to digital transformation, such as the launch of K-pop platforms and the evolution of OMO (Online Merges with Offline) media commerce in response to changes in the industrial environment due to COVID-19, the annual export of the domestic content industry increased by 6.3% compared to the previous year. Accordingly, our copyright does not require that works be fixed in tangibles, as in Japan and Germany, on the basis of entrusting each country's legislation to determine whether to require fixation on choreographed works. On the other hand, the United States, France and the United Kingdom are demanding that it be fixed. Although choreography is at the center of K-pop and the value and influence of K-pop videos including cover dance through new media are discussed from various perspectives, copyright on choreography that needs to be resolved in business platforms for K-pop scalability The fact that there is such a big difference in problem perception is an area where we must not lose our vigilance. As the development of today's technology, the method of fixing a choreography looks very easy as an image, but at the same time can be stolen very quickly. Therefore, compared to overseas cases, it is urgent to improve the difference in perception of copyright registration for K-pop choreography and to supplement the system include the NFT.

• 보존과학회지
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• 제34권6호
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• pp.569-580
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• 2018

The possibility of applying poulticing was studied for removing Paraloid B72, a resin used for fixing an earthen mural painting. Five types of poultices were selected from clay and gel types, and acetone, ethanol, and methyl ethyl ketone(MEK) were used as mixed solvents. The possibility of mixing between the poultice and solvent was investigated, and then the spreadability, fluidity, acidity, drying properties, and solubility of the poultices were examined to confirm the characteristics. A poultice agent, which is suitable for applying to a mural painting, was selected and applied to a painting layer sample coated with Paraloid B72. As a result, all painting layers were good condition at under 50% of the solvent. The removal efficiency of Paraloid B72 was more effective when most of the solvents were used at 50%, rather than at 25%. However, it is difficult to mix 50% of MEK and ethanol with the gel-type poultices. When used at 25%, the removal performance was poorer than that at 50%, but the mixing with all the poultices was successful. In addition, the adsorption and removal power of the gel-type poultice were better than those of the clay-type, but the latter was expected to be more suitable in short-time cases due to its high drying speed. The results of this study show that the dissolution performance varies depending on the poultices and solvents. Hence, the poultice and solvent should be selectively applied, considering the fixative of the mural to be removed.