• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.41-50
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• 2014

The Earth is not perfectly spherical and its rotational axis is not fixed in space, and these geophysical and kinematic irregularities work as dominant perturbations in satellite orbit propagation. The International Earth Rotation Service (IERS) provides the Conventions as guidelines for using the Earth's model and the reference time and coordinate systems defined by the International Astronomical Union (IAU). These guidelines are directly applied to model orbital dynamics of Earth satellites. In the present work, the effects of the latest conventions released in 2010 on orbit propagation are investigated by comparison with cases of applying the previous guidelines, IERS Conventions (2003). All seven major updates are tested, i.e., for the models of the precession/nutation, the geopotential, the ocean tides, the ocean pole tides, the free core nutation, the polar motion, and the solar system ephemeris. The resultant position differences for one week of orbit propagation range from tens of meters for the geopotential model change from EGM96 to EGM2008 to a few mm for the precession/nutation model change from IAU2000 to IAU2006. The along-track differences vary secularly while the cross-track components show periodic variation. However, the radial-track position differences are very small compared with the other components in all cases. These phenomena reflect the variation of the ascending node and the argument of latitude. The reason is that the changed models tested in the current study can be regarded as small fluctuations of the geopotential model from the point of view of orbital dynamics. The ascending node and the argument of latitude are more sensitive to the geopotential than the other elements. This study contributes to understanding of the relation between the Earth's geophysical properties and orbital motion of satellites as well as satellite-based observations.

• Journal of Power Electronics
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.190-201
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• 2015

This paper uses the switching function approach to present a simple state model of the Vienna-type rectifier. The approach introduces the relationship between the DC-link neutral point voltage and the AC side phase currents. A novel direct power control (DPC) strategy, which is based on the sliding mode control (SMC) for Vienna I rectifiers, is developed using the proposed power model in the stationary ${\alpha}-{\beta}$ reference frames. The SMC-based DPC methodology directly regulates instantaneous active and reactive powers without transforming to a synchronous rotating coordinate reference frame or a tracking phase angle of grid voltage. Moreover, the required rectifier control voltages are directly calculated by utilizing the non-linear SMC scheme. Theoretically, active and reactive power flows are controlled without ripple or cross coupling. Furthermore, the fixed-switching frequency is obtained by employing the simplified space vector modulation (SVM). SVM solves the complicated designing problem of the AC harmonic filter. The simplified SVM is based on the simplification of the space vector diagram of a three-level converter into that of a two-level converter. The dwelling time calculation and switching sequence selection are easily implemented like those in the conventional two-level rectifier. Replacing the current control loops with power control loops simplifies the system design and enhances the transient performance. The simulation models in MATLAB/Simulink and the digital signal processor-controlled 1.5 kW Vienna-type rectifier are used to verify the fast responses and robustness of the proposed control scheme.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.53-73
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• 2007

In this study, an effective load increment method for multi modal adaptive non-linear static (pushover) analysis (NSA) for building type structures is presented. In the method, lumped plastisicity approach is adopted and geometrical non-linearties (second-order effects) are included. Non-linear yield conditions of column elements and geometrical non-linearity effects between successive plastic sections are linearized. Thus, load increment needed for formation of plastic sections can be determined directly (without applying iteration or step-by-step techniques) by using linearized yield conditions. After formation of each plastic section, the higher mode effects are considered by utilizing the essentials of traditional response spectrum analysis at linearized regions between plastic sections. Changing dynamic properties due to plastification in the system are used on the calculation of modal lateral loads. Thus, the effects of stiffness changes and local mechanism at the system on lateral load distribution are included. By using the proposed method, solution can be obtained effectively for multi-mode whereby the properties change due to plastifications in the system. In the study, a new procedure for determination of modal lateral loads is also proposed. In order to evaluate the proposed method, a 20 story RC frame building is analyzed and compared with Non-linear Dynamic Analysis (NDA) results and FEMA 356 Non-linear Static Analysis (NSA) procedures using fixed loads distributions (first mode, SRSS and uniform distribution) in terms of different parameters. Second-order effects on response quantities and periods are also investigated. When the NDA results are taken as reference, it is seen that proposed method yield generally better results than all FEMA 356 procedures for all investigated response quantities.

• 한국지능시스템학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.225-231
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• 2012

본 논문에서는 접근 각도 개념을 이용하여 과소작동기 형태의 무인 수중 잠수정의 경로 추적 제어기 설계 방법을 제안한 다. 과소 작동기 형태를 가지는 무인 수중 잠수정은 종 방향 추진력과 회전력에 의해 속도와 방향을 조절하나, 횡 방향 추 진기가 없기 때문에 횡 방향에 대한 움직임을 제어 할 수 없다. 이러한 무인 수중 잠수정의 과소 작동기 문제를 해결하기 위하여 본 논문에서는 기준 경로에 대한 접근 각도 개념을 제안하고, 제안한 접근 각도를 이용하여 경로 추적 제어기를 설 계한다. 이를 위해 동체 고정 좌표계에서 새로운 오차 방정식을 구하고, 리아푸노프 방법을 기반으로 경로 추적 제어기를 설계한다. 본 논문에서는 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션 통해 제안한 방법에 의해 설계된 제어기의 성능을 검증한다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제74권3호
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• pp.395-406
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• 2020

Many prefabricated concrete frame joints have been proposed, and most of them showed good seismic performance. However, there are still some limitations in the proposed fabricated joints. For example, for prefabricated prestressed concrete joints, prefabricated beams and prefabricated columns are assembled as a whole by the pre-stressed steel bar and steel strand in the beams, which brings some troubles to the construction, and the reinforcement in the core area of the joints is complex, and the mechanical mechanism is not clear. Based on the current research results, a new type of fabricated joint of prestressed concrete beams and confined concrete columns is proposed. To study the seismic performance of the joint, the quasi-static test is carried out. The test results show that the nodes exhibit good ductility and energy dissipation. According to the experimental fitting method and the "fixed point pointing" law, the resilience model of this kind of nodes is established, and compared with the experimental results, the two agree well, which can provides a certain reference for elasto-plastic seismic response analysis of this type of structure. Besides, based on the analysis of the factors affecting the shear capacity of the node core area, the formula of shear capacity of the core area of the node is proposed, and the theoretical values of the formula are consistent with the experimental value.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.143-152
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to predict the failure or success of the Snatch-lifting trial as a consequence of the stand-up phase simulated in Kane's equation of motion that was effective for the dynamic analysis of multi-segment. This experiment was a case study in which one male athlete (age: 23yrs, height: 154.4cm, weight: 64.5kg) from K University was selected The system of a simulation included a multi-segment system that had one degree of freedom and one generalized coordinate for the shank segment angle. The reference frame was fixed by the Nonlinear Trans formation (NLT) method in order to set up a fixed Cartesian coordinate system in space. A weightlifter lifted a 90kg-barbell that was 75% of subject's maximum lifting capability (120kg). For this study, six cameras (Qualisys Proreflex MCU240s) and two force-plates (Kistler 9286AAs) were used for collecting data. The motion tracks of 11 land markers were attached on the major joints of the body and barbell. The sampling rates of cameras and force-plates were set up 100Hz and 1000Hz, respectively. Data were processed via the Qualisys Track manager (QTM) software. Landmark positions and force-plate amplitudes were simultaneously integrated by Qualisys system The coordinate data were filtered using a fourth-order Butterworth low pass filtering with an estimated optimum cut-off frequency of 9Hz calculated with Andrew & Yu's formula. The input data of the model were derived from experimental data processed in Matlab6.5 and the solution of a model made in Kane's method was solved in Matematica5.0. The conclusions were as follows; 1. The torque motor of the shank with 246Nm from this experiment could lift a maximum barbell weight (158.98kg) which was about 246 times as much as subject's body weight (64.5kg). 2. The torque motor with 166.5 Nm, simulated by angular displacement of the shank matched to the experimental result, could lift a maximum barbell weight (90kg) which was about 1.4 times as much as subject's body weight (64.5kg). 3. Comparing subject's maximum barbell weight (120kg) with a modeling maximum barbell weight (155.51kg) and with an experimental maximum barbell weight (90kg), the differences between these were about +35.7kg and -30kg. These results strongly suggest that if the maximum barbell weight is decided, coaches will be able to provide further knowledge and information to weightlifters for the performance improvement and then prevent injuries from training of weightlifters. It hopes to apply Kane's method to other sports skill as well as weightlifting to simulate its motion in the future study.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.128-136
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• 2007

사용자에게 보다 실감나는 입체감을 제공하기 위해 개발되고 있는 다시점 비디오는 두 대 이상의 카메라를 이용하여 촬영한 영상들을 기하학적으로 교정하고 공간적으로 처리하여 여러 방향의 다양한 시점 영상을 사용자에게 제공하는 3차원 영상처리 기술의 새로운 분야이다. 다시점 비디오는 사용자에게 시청 시점을 자유롭게 선택할 수 있는 기회를 주고 넓은 화면을 통한 3차원 입체감을 느낄 수 있는 장점을 가진다. 그러나 다시점 비디오는 시점 수가 증가하는 만큼 데이터 양도 증가하므로 효율적인 데이터 처리 방법이 요구된다. 최근 인접한 시점의 영상을 이용하여 중간시점의 영상을 합성하고 이를 부호화에 적용하는 방법이 연구되고 있다. 다시점 비디오 부호화 효율을 높이기 위해 제안되었던 기존의 영상보간법은 최대변위 설정과 고정된 블록을 이용한 블록정합 방법을 이용한다. 이때, 변위 종류가 다양한 영상이거나 변위차가 큰 영역에 대해서 변위 오류가 많이 발생한다. 이 논문에서는 이러한 문제점을 보완하고 개선된 화질의 중간시점의 영상을 얻기 위한 방법과 이 영상을 이용하여 부호화에 적용하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안한 영상보간법은 변위의 검색 범위를 초기에 설정하지 않고 블록 단위부터 화소 단위까지 변위를 측정하여 중간영상을 합성한다. 또한 이렇게 합성한 영상을 부호화 과정에서 참조 영상으로 추가하여 부호화한다. 이 논문에서 제안한 방법을 이용한 결과, 기존의 영상 보간법보다 약 $1{\sim}4dB$ 정도 개선된 화질의 중간시점 영상을 얻었고, 이 영상들을 이용하여 제안한 부호화 방법으로 부호화한 결과 참조 모델에 비해 최대 0.5 dB의 부호화 효율이 개선됨을 확인했다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.41-47
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• 2017

새로운 기술의 도입과 정교함이 더해진 최근의 지상무기가 지능형 포탄의 발달로 이어졌으며 주요 선진국의 관심을 이끌었다. 본 연구에서는 회전운동을 하는 비행체에 대한 공력 데이터를 확보하기 위해 BLU-103 모델을 통한 전산유체역학해석을 수행하였다. 먼저 회전하는 비행체의 정상해석 기법을 모사하기 위해 동체는 고정시키고 주변의 공기를 회전시켜 동체가 회전 하는 것과 같은 원리를 이용하였다. 회전운동 하는 비행체의 공력 타당성을 검토하기 위해 단순형상에 대해 받음각 0도에서 90도, 옆 미끄럼각 0도에서 90도까지 각각 30도 간격으로 고려하여 해석을 수행하였다. Drag book에 제시되어 있는 항력 값을 통해 단순모델에 대한 항력계수가 1.0 ~ 1.2의 정량적 결과를 만족한다는 사실을 확인하였다. 단순형상에서의 해석조건을 통해 검증 된 유효한 입력 값을 동일하게 실제형상에 적용하여 회전 유무에 따른 공력데이터베이스를 구축하였고 경향성을 분석하였다. 분석 결과 단순모델 뿐 아니라 실제 모델의 회전 시 축력계수, 수직력 계수, 측력 계수가 증가한다는 사실을 확인 하였고 특히 수직력 계수의 영향이 크게 작용되어 비행에 유리할 것이라 판단하였다.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.93-109
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• 1984

The purpose of this study is to investigate the direction and strategy of education for sex role concepts of children on the basis of factor analysis of the present situation in sex role concepts and their formation. Although some maintain that sex role concept of our society has been changing slowly, the traditional sex role concept still dominates and is potentially immanent. the analysis of present condition of our society indicates that the formal as well as informal education are facing with various crucial problems in providing the direction of behavior demanded for carrying out the role. The close analysis of the three theories, psychoanalytic theory , social learning theory, cognitive development theory, lends a support to the laim of the study that cognitive development theory provide an integrated frame of reference for us to see the sex role education analytically Furthermore, the factors which are found to have influences on the formation of sex role have been analyzed in three areas: Family, School and society. 1)The factors in family such as parental behavior of upbringing and their concepts of sex role have a direct relationship with the nature of sex tole concept of children. Therefore, the first step to make children to habe a new type of sex-role conception appropriate for modern societies is to change that of parental conception and attitudes. 2)the quantitative as well as the qualitative aspects of school education showed no exceptional trend from the dominant conception of the society, although school are expected to lead the society as formal education institution rather than just reflect the society. The educational activities and contents such as the conceived goal of education for eoch sex, textbook constitation, teaching behavior and sex-role concepts of teacher are found to be still dominated by the traditional sex-role assumption. 3) The social factors that have direct relationship with children's sex-role formation are social and cultural, which include social milieu, condition of employment, family structure and mass-media. Since family and school do not educate the young in a social vacuum. their educational function of sex-role formation are doomed to be limited and determined by these social factors. Unfortunately, the analysis of present conditions showed the dominance of traditional types of sex-role concepts in all these social factors. The education of sex-role concept for children should be treated as one of the most crucial value problems related with many other important problems, such as direction and patterns of behaviors of each sex, the degree of self-development and capabilities, and consequently human right, equality, humanization and the quality of happiness. Neverthless, the analysis of researches on sex-role education which have been surveyed in this study lead to a conclusion that concerted effort to change the education, formal as well as informal should be provided in every aspect of social life. If the sex role education of the past has aimed at the "feminization"of girls which indoctrinate girls into a limited and fixed role of house wives, the new education in the future should be directed foward "humanization" of both sexes which opens the diversity of roles for both boys and girl on equal levels and provide future possibilities in accordance to their individual capabilities and interests.