• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.442-450
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• 2001

The purpose of this study was to analyze the satisfaction level on hospital foods in elderly and middle aged patients. The subjects were selected among the patients treated in the Inha University hospital during July of 1999. One hundred thirty five elderly patients aged over sixty(68 men, 67 women) and sixty five patients aged in forties(35 men, 30 women) were surveyed through questionnaires in terms of satisfaction level on hospital foods and the food preferences. Satisfaction on general taste, saltiness, serving temperature, appearance, texture and variety of hospital foods was not significantly different according to age. However, elderly men showed significantly higher satisfaction level than elderly women in terms of general taste of hospital foods(p<0.01). The preferences of cooking method for meat, fish, vegetable and the preferred kinds of kimchi and milk & milk products were not significantly different between the two age groups. However, elderly women significantly preferred sauted meat to broiled meat compared to elderly men(p<0.05).

• 보존과학연구
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• s.33
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• pp.57-67
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• 2012

The Uiseong Tapriri Five-Storied stone pagoda has occurred exfoliation, granular disintegration and discoloration by physical and chemical weathering factors with the major deterioration occurring due to efflorescence by salt. According to the results of SEM-EDS and X-ray diffraction analysis, salts consists of gypsum, taranakite. Artificial salt weathering tests were carried out using the same type of rocks as those in the stone pagoda. The test results showed that efflorescence occurred on the surface of the rock, and that exfoliation and granular disintegration occurred inside the rock due to salt crystallization.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.57-74
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• 2016

This study examines the level of work-life balance for Nonprofit organization(NPO) workers and their turnover intentions, to identify how work-life balance affects workers' turnover intention. From October 10 to November 10, 2013, a survey was conducted among workers at NPOs located in Busan, South Korea, through interviews, emails, and mail, and 286 responses were used for this analysis. The results showed that the NPO workers' level of work-life balance was 3.12 for work-family life, 3.07 for work-leisure life, and 3.02 for work-personal life on a five-point scale; the median value was 3.0. Turnover intention was 2.71, which was slightly lower than the median value of 3.0, again on a five-point scale, but it was relatively higher for younger workers, single workers, workers who indicated a lower level of work-personal life balance, and workers whose education included two-years or less of college. These findings suggest that it is important to determine factors that lower turnover intention among these workers and develop programs and support that enhances work-life balance, particularly work-personal life balance.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.218-223
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• 2021

The five elements of big data are said to be Volume, Variety, Velocity, Veracity, and Value. Among them, data lacking the Veracity of the data or fake data not only makes an error in decision making, but also hinders the creation of value. This study analyzed YouTube's revenue structure to focus the effect of data integrity on data valuation among these five factors. YouTube is one of the OTT service platforms, and due to COVID-19 in 2020, YouTube creators have emerged as a new profession. Among the revenue-generating models provided by YouTube, the process of generating advertising revenue based on click-based playback was analyzed. And, analyzed the process of subtracting the profits generated from invalid activities that not the clicks due to viewers' pure interests, then paying the final revenue. The invalid activity in YouTube's revenue structure is Raw Data, not pure viewing activity of viewers, and it was confirmed a direct impact on revenue generation. Through the analysis of this process, the new Data Value Chain was proposed.

• Journal of Climate Change Research
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.367-377
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• 2015

This study analyzed the effectiveness of China's policy to reduce of sulfur dioxide. China's $12^{th}$ Five-year plan on national economic and social development emphasized environmental protection and low-carbon economic development. Sulfur dioxide was one of the major gases to affect air pollution and climate change and its control became a key policy agenda in the environment and energy sector. As the absolute amount of sulfur dioxide emissions in China came from the industrial sector, the control of the coal-based energy was especially urgent. This study analyzed the factors that influenced the sulfur dioxide emissions and the policy effects to reduce sulfur dioxide in China from 2003 to 2012 based on regional data. The air pollution treatment investments showed the biggest impact together with energy conservation policy in reducing sulfur dioxide emissions. However, pollutant emissions charge did not show a relevant policy effectiveness in all regions as the amount of charge would be smaller than economic benefit from non-compliance. Rationalizing pollutant emissions charge is, therefore, a key policy task for further reduction of sulfur dioxide emissions.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

Purpose - This study aims to analyze 7-Eleven's specific competitive advantage strategy according to changes in the Japanese convenience store industry by selecting 7-Eleven, a leading company in the Japanese convenience store industry, as a representative case study. Research design, data, and methodology - Due to the current COVID-19 situation, fact-finding such as interviews with key managers through visiting surveys was not possible, so this case study was carried out based on the literature such as official and unofficial data collected from the companies through e-mail and articles that have been published outside. Result - As a result of the analysis, the researcher found that five competing strategy factors, such as dominant strategy, innovative logistics system strategy, information system development strategy, joint product development strategy, and direct communication strategy have closely maintained the mutual relation to form a combined strategy focusing on the franchise development strategy. Conclusion - The competitive advantage of 7-Eleven is thought to have secured its competitive advantage by combining the five competitive strategies complementarily for rapid response to change, cost advantage, and differentiated advantage. The management implications specified in this study can be considered a reference for establishing a competitive strategy for sustainable growth of the convenience store industry in the fierce competition and saturated market environment of Korean convenience stores.

• Proceedings of the National Institute of Ecology of the Republic of Korea
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.274-278
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• 2021

Road structures play an important role in collisions involving vehicles and wildlife. Our study aimed to determine the effect of various types of road structures on the risk associated with roadkill. We surveyed 50 previously identified roadkill hotspots, ranked from one to five according to roadkill density. We collected nine types of road structure data on each hotspot road section. Structures with similar characteristics were grouped together, resulting in five categories, namely, median barrier, high edge barrier, low edge barrier, speed, and visibility. We examined the existence of each road structure category at each hotspot rank. The cumulative link model showed that the absence of bottom blocked median barrier increased the roadkill hotspot rank. Our study concluded that a visual obstacle in the middle of roads by the median barrier decreases wildlife road crossing attempts and roadkill risk. We suggest that future roadkill mitigation plans should be established considering these characteristics.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.103-113
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• 2024

This study aims to identify the sense of community influencing Intent to continue farming for young farmers to sustain their farming. Data were was collected from 124 young farmers during October 2023 among members of the 4-H youth organization in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. As a result of factor analysis, the sense of community was classified into three dimensions: sense of belonging, social interaction, and community bond. It was found that the intention to continue farming was classified into two dimensions: economic and social factors. Results showed that participants with less than five years of 4-H involvement had higher community awareness than those with more than five years. This study suggests that early-stage participants be more influenced by group belonging and interaction. Additionally, community awareness positively influenced both economic and social aspects of farming sustainability. Thus, higher community awareness among young farmers enhances the sustainability of their practices. This study is significant as it addresses the previously unexplored relationship between young farmers' community awareness and farming sustainability, suggesting that fostering community awareness can improve sustainable agricultural practices.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.84 no.4
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• pp.517-524
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• 1995

This study was conducted to investigate the characteristics of the road alignment, correlations among evaluation factors of the alingment, and the relationships between the evaluation factors and terrain factors for the forest road of five National Forest Offices. The results were as follows : 1. The elongation coefficients(${\eta}$) of forest road in Kangnung and Wonju National Forest Office were ranged 0.3~0.5, and those of Andong, Namwon, and Kongju National Forest Offices were ranged 0.2~0.3 in straight line of 100m, 200m, and 300m. 2. Three different types of plane alignment were identified for Kangnung and Wonju National Forest Offices, Namwon and Kongju National Forest Offices, Andong National Forest Office. However, longitudinal alignment for five National Forest Offices tended to be similar conditions. 3. Low correlation coefficients were calculated in the relation between elongation coefficients(${\eta}$) and evaluation factors of plane alignment(curve length ratio(%), sum of inverse number of each curve radius(m/km), and sum of each intersection angle($^{\circ}/km$)) for three straight lines. On the contrary, high correlation coefficients were obtained among the relations of curve length ratio(%), sum of inverse number of each curve radius(m/km), and sum of each intersection angle($^{\circ}/km$). 4. Slope(%) were closely correlated with plane alignment, and so were the relationships between frequency of valleys and streams(No./km) and elongation coefficients(${\eta}$) of forest road.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.253-261
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to explore the factors affecting purchase intention of smartphone in Chinese university students. We have identified five independent variables that affecting purchase intention of smartphone, which include price, compatibility, security, social influence and consumer innovations. We test the degree of influence of these five variables on customer satisfaction eventually and on purchase intention. To prove the hypothesis, we performed questionnaire investigation in Qingdao University. and final date of 187 samples were analyzed by using SPSS18.0 program. The result of hypothesis verification is the followings: As the independent variables of compatibility and consumer innovations are affects satisfaction; the price, security and social influence are not affects satisfaction and the satisfaction as the parameter affects the purchase intention which is the dependent variable in this study in Chinese university students. At the end of this study, the marketing implications for advancing to China market based on the results of empirical analysis were presented.