• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.11-20
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• 2011

The present age demands a change in attitude based on a differentiated life value from city. It will provide to a fundamental solution for the gap of living level in the farming and fishing communities and recreate distinguishing comfortable communities. The purpose of this study was to deduct the formation characteristics of the townscape of Korean slow city according to analyze resources and structure of landscape. Planning of slow city's townscape is a process of imagification of filtrate unique meaning. The glob share synchronic unique values by slow city's network. Therefore instead of putting emphasis on promoting tourist business for short-term revenue, it will be under control to raise the standard of living and to be not forfeited and diluted the rights for sustainable slow city's status. Participation of resident needs in this process. Accordingly it need a strategy of landscape formation design and a interdepartmental practice system for a continuous slow city's image by renewal of disharmonious townscape in the built-up area.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2001.05a
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• pp.580-582
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• 2001

The Manila clam, Ruditapes philippinaMm (Pelecypoda: Veneridae) is present along the coasts of Korea, China and Japan. In particular, Recently, due to reclamation of tidal areas along the west coast, marine pollution, and reckless overharvesting of this clam, its standing stock has reduced for a decade. Therefore, it is necessary to manage the population of the clam with a proper fishing regime that will maintain an optimal population size in aqua farm. (omitted)

• Women's Health Nursing
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.105-115
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• 2018

Purpose: To investigate the subjective health and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in Haenyo. Methods: Subjects were 100 elderly Haenyo in Jeju island who belonged to a fishing-village society. Main variables were activities of daily living (ADL), instrumental ADL (IADL), the HRQoL, subjective health, and depression. Subjective health and differences of HRQoL by variables were analyzed by t-test or ANOVA using IBM SPSS Statistics 23. Hierarchical multiple regression was executed to examine the effects of the major factors on the quality of life. Results: The mean age was 69.9 years, the mean period for diving career was 51.5 years, and work hours per month were 37.8. Comorbidity of diseases was 2.74, and the common health problems were osteoporosis and headache/dizziness. HRQoL was significantly different by age (F=4.52, p=.013), education (F=6.10, p=.003), muljil work years (F=3.93, p=.050), depression (t=-3.04, p=.030), subjective health state (F=30.62, p<.01), and degenerative arthritis (F=-2.38, p=.019). In the final model by hierarchical multiple regression, ADL/IADL (${\beta}=.41$, p<.001), depression (${\beta}=-.29$, p<.001), and subjective health (${\beta}=.43{\sim}.51$, p<.001) were significant and explained 63.5% of the total variance of HRQoL. Conclusion: Haenyo have specific health problems different from those of elderly women in general. ADL/IADL, depression and subjective health affected their HRQoL. It is clear that Haenyos' health problems need further study to improve their health.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2007

Differentially expressed genes(DEG) were identified in a rice variety, Sathi, an indica type showing high allelopathic potential against barnyardgrass(Echinochloa crus-galli(L.) Beauv. var. frumentaceae). Rice plants were grown with and without barnyardgrass and total RNA was extracted from rice leaves at 45 days after seeding. DEG full-screening was performed by $GeneFishing^{TM}$ method. The differentially expressed bands were re-amplified and sequenced, then analyzed by Basic Local Alignment Search Tool(BLAST) searching for homology sequence identification. Gel electrophoresis showed nine possible genes associated with allelopathic potential in Sathi, six genes(namely DEG-1, 4, 5, 7, 8, and 9) showed higher expression, and three genes(DEG-2, 3 and 6) showed lower expression as compared to the control. cDNA sequence analysis showed that DEG-7 and DEG-9 had the same sequence. From RT PCR results, DEG-6 and DEG-7 were considered as true DEG, whereas DEG-1, 2, 3, 4, 5, and 8 were considered as putative DEG. Results from blast-n and blast-x search suggested that DEG-1 is homologous to a gene for S-adenosylmethionine synthetase, DEG-2 is homologous to a chloroplast gene for ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large subunit, DEG-8 is homologous to oxysterol-binding protein with an 85.7% sequence similarity, DEG-5 is homologous to histone 2B protein with a 47.9% sequence similarity, DEG-6 is homologous to nicotineamine aminotransferase with a 33.1% sequence similarity, DEG-3 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence that has 33.1% similarity with oxygen evolving complex protein in photosystem II, DEG-7 is homologous to nucleotides sequence that may relate with putative serin/threonine protein kinase and putative transposable element, and DEG-4 has 98.8% similarity with nucleotides sequence for an unknown protein.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.57-68
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• 2010

The goals of this study were to develop indicators that are able to evaluate the accomplishment of the projects for rural traditional theme villages and make developmental suggestions for a balanced development of rural communities using the indicators. Human, economic, and social factors were selected as the evaluation indicators. The importance of the performance indictors was analyzed by AHP (Analytic Hierarchy Process). The importance of the performance indictors was in the order of satisfaction of inhabitants (150), participation of inhabitants (145), economic effectiveness (123), lodging facilities (101), leader training (96), project cognizanc e(90), etc. As these evaluation methods were applied to the six villages, haebari village came first followed by darangyi village, namsayedam village, mulrebangatteok village and Yedong Mountain fishing village. This study proposed a way of improvement for the balanced development of the rural communities in terms of human, economic and social aspects.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.24 no.12
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• pp.1330-1338
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• 2014

In Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv 16 adenylyl cyclase (AC) genes have been identified, while 10 AC genes have been found in non-pathogenic Mycobacterium smegmatis. Expression of 6 AC genes (MSMEG_0218, MSMEG_3243, MSMEG_3780, MSMEG_4279, MSMEG_4477, and MSMEG_6154) among 10 AC genes in M. smegmatis was increased when M. smegmatis was subjected to hypoxic growth conditions. On the other hand, only MSMEG_3780 and MSMEG_4279 were slightly induced in the presence of NO. The cAMP levels in cells and culture media were 450- and 9.8-fold increased, respectively, when M. smegmatis was grown under hypoxic conditions relative to those grown aerobically. Intracellular levels of cAMP were increased 5.8-fold on the exposure to NO. The DevSR two-component system is known to be involved in the induction of many genes whose expression is induced under hypoxic conditions and in the presence of NO. Expression of 6 hypoxically induced AC genes was observed to be induced in a devR deletion mutant grown under hypoxic conditions, indicating that the induction of the 6 AC genes under hypoxic conditions is independent of the DevSR two-component system. In order to identify a trans-acting regulatory element that is pertinent in the hypoxic induction of MSMEG_3780, ligand-fishing analysis was performed using the upstream DNA of MSMEG_3780 and MSMEG_5136 protein was identified.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.313-320
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• 2018

Chub mackerel Scomber japonicus is an economically important pelagic species in the western North Pacific. In the last 50 years, the annual total catch in Korean waters showed large fluctuations, ranging from 100 to $420{\times}10^3tons$. To provide a biological reference point for management of chub mackerel, we applied a simulation-based yield-per-recruit (Y/R) model that considered both temperature-dependent growth and size-dependent mortality. We estimated the fisheries yield with respect to varying biological reference points and environmental conditions, including 1) the instantaneous rate of fishing mortality (F), 2) length of fish at first capture ($L_c$), and 3) water temperature. The result of our analysis showed that the Y/R could be greatest when the $L_c$ ranges from 19-27 cm and F ranges from $1.48-2.00yr^{-1}$. Y/R increases with increased water temperature between 15 and $23^{\circ}C$. We suggest targeting an $L_c$ of 17 cm (age=0.6 years) under the assumed current of $F=0.48yr^{-1}$ for maximizing the chub mackerel harvest. Further analysis considering spawning and recruitment processes are required to provide biological reference points to ensure the sustainability of chub mackerel fisheries in Korean waters.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.380-392
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• 2023

Groupers (Family Epinephelidae) are commonly caught in data-poor small-scale multi-species fisheries for sale on both export and domestic markets. This study presents data on the species composition and size/life-stage structure of Epinephelus spp. groupers caught by small-scale fishers and sold locally in the Indonesian province of South Sulawesi. Data were collected from fishing ports and local markets at 12 sites representing the three seaways around South Sulawesi (Makassar Strait, Flores Sea, Gulf of Bone). Each specimen (n = 3,398) was photographed alongside an object of known length, and total length (TL) was obtained using the Rapid Scaling on Object (RASIO). Of the 23 species identified, four (Epinephelus areolatus, Epinephelus ongus, Epinephelus quoyanus, and Epinephelus fasciatus) collectively comprised 69% of the catch, while the 13 least abundant species contributed less than 5%. The catch was dominated (67%) by the subadult life-stage, with just under 20% in the adult class. Juveniles dominated the catch of Epinephelus fuscoguttatus, a valuable export commodity. Observations of early maturity as well as the sizeable gap between length at first capture (Lc) and length at first maturity (Lm) indicate recruitment overfishing of most species, with the notable exception of Epinephelus rivulatus. The proportion of adult fish was low (≈5%-30%) for the twelve most abundant species (E. areolatus, E. ongus, Epinephelus quoyanus, E. fasciatus, Epinephelus coioides, Epinephelus faveatus, Epinephelus sexfasciatus, Epinephelus maculatus, Epinephelus bleekeri, Epinephelus corallicola, E. fuscoguttatus, Epinephelus polyphekadion). For two moderately abundant species (E. faveatus and E. malabaricus), TL < Lm for all specimens. The limited data available indicate spawning ratio is lower than reported from deep-water fisheries of E. areolatus and E. coioides. The results call for targeted research to fill knowledge gaps regarding the biology and ecology of groupers exploited mainly for domestic markets; highlight the need for species-level data to inform management policies such as minimum legal size regulations; and can contribute towards species-level status assessments.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.395-408
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• 2013

Environmental condition can induce changes in early life-history traits in order to maximise the ecological fitness. Here I investigated how temperature change and variation in human aquatic activity/behaviour affect early life-history consequences in fish using a dynamic-state-dependent model. In this study, I developed a general fish's life-history model including three life-history states depend-ing on foraging activity, such as body mass, mass of reproductive tissue (i.e., gonadal development) and accumulated stress (i.e., cellular or physiological damage). I assumed the level of foraging activity maximises reproductive success-ultimately, fitness. The model predicts that growth rate, development of reproductive tissues and damage accumulation are greater in higher temperature whereas higher human aquatic activity rapidly reduced the growth rate and development of reproductive tissue and increased damage accumulation. While higher foraging activity in higher temperature is less affected by human aquatic activity, the foraging activity in lower temperature rapidly declined with human aquatic activity. Moreover, lower survival rate in higher temperature or human aquatic activity was independent on mortality rate due to human aquatic activity or mortality rate when foraging activity, respectively. However, the survival rate in lower temperature or human aquatic activity was dependent on these mortality rates. My findings suggest that including of early life-history traits in relation to climate-change and human aquatic activity on the analysis may improve conservation plan and health assessment in aquatic ecosystem.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.258-265
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• 2009

To develop environmentally friendly constructed wetlands(CWs) for treating domestic sewage which was produced in farming and fishing village, the efficiency of water treatment at different ventilation systems in the vertical bed, depths of horizontal bed, and sewage loads was investigated. In the vertical bed, BOD and COD by duplex ventilation system were lower than those by single ventilation system. But T-N and T-P concentrations by both ventilation systems in the vertical bed were little different. In the horizontal bed, BOD, COD, T-N and T-P in 1.0 m and 1.3 m depths were little different. To reduce the CWs' area and to improve the pollutant removal efficiencies, the optimum depth of horizontal bed was 1.3 m. In single and duplex ventilation CWs, the removal rate of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P decreased slightly with the sewage load increases. In same sewage load conditions, the removal rates of BOD, COD, SS, T-N and T-P by duplex ventilation CWs were higher than those by single ventilation CWs. In summary, to effectively treat domestic sewage from farming and fishing village, the optimum constructed wetlands would be the duplex ventilation CWs.