• The Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.522-532
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• 2012

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to develop an elderly care nursing education program and evaluate its effect on knowledge, attitudes and nursing performance of nurses toward older adults. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants were recruited from two geriatric hospitals. The sample consisted of an intervention group (n=29) that participated in the educational program and a control group (n=30). The data were collected prior to and 6 weeks after the intervention using self-administered questionnaires. Data analyses utilized $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact probability test, and t-test. Results: After the intervention, knowledge and nursing performance about the elderly care increased significantly in the experimental group compared to the control group. However, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in their attitudes toward the elderly. Conclusion: Findings indicate that to provide better nursing care to the elderly, nurses need to be able to practically apply the knowledge they have acquired from the elder-care nursing education programs in hands-on situations. To achieve this, nurses should work to change their personal attitudes about the elderly. Also, evidence-based guidelines for elderly nursing care, administrative support of institutions, and multidisciplinary approaches are required.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.50 no.2
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• pp.200-209
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of oral gargling with an aromatic solution on xerostomia, objective oral status, and oral health-related quality of life in psychiatric inpatients. Methods: A nonequivalent control group with a non-synchronized design was used in this study. The experimental group (n=34) received oral gargling with an aroma solution, while the control group (n=33) gargled with 0.9% normal saline. Dependent variables were measured at pre-, post-, and follow-up test. Data were analyzed using an χ²-test, Fisher's exact probability test, t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA using SPSS/WIN v.21.0. Results: After the intervention, significant differences were revealed in xerostomia (F=15.30, p<.001), objective oral status (F=38.44, p<.001), and oral health-related quality of life (F=62.70, p<.001) with an interaction effect between group and time. Conclusion: These findings indicate that gargling with an aroma solution is more effective than 0.9% normal saline for the oral health of psychiatric inpatients. Therefore gargling with an aroma can be safely recommended as a brief, economical, and positive intervention in clinical settings.

• Journal of East-West Nursing Research
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.104-113
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• 2013

Purpose: Due to the academic demands from a theory and practice-based educational program, nursing students often experience psychological burdens. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of mindfulness meditation programs on nursing students' perceived stress, depression, and self-efficacy. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Participants were recruited from two nursing colleges. The sample consisted of an intervention group (n=29) that participated in a mindfulness meditation program and a control group (n=30). The experimental group participated in the program for 120 minutes a week for a total of 8 sessions. The data were collected prior and after the intervention using self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $X^2$-test, Fisher's exact probability test, and the t-test. Results: After the application of the mindfulness meditation program, the experimental group showed a significant difference in perceived stress(t=-10.33, p<.001), depression (t=-2.17, p=.035), and self-efficacy (t=2.57, p=.013) scores. However, there was no significant differrence in the control group. Conclusion: These findings provide a supportive evidence of mindfulness meditation program as a behavioral intervention to reduce stress, depression and increase self-efficacy among nursing students.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.73-83
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to determine factors affecting new nurses turnover in Korea. The participants in this study were 227 new nurses who has been working or turnover less than 12 months in fifteen hospitals in B and Y city. Data were collected with structured questionnaires to investigate the socio-demographics characteristics and turnover-related factors, and analyzed using $x^2-test$, Fisher's exact test, independent sample t-test, logistic regression with the SPSS win version 18.0 program. The significant factors affecting turnover were age over 26 years(OR=4.00, CI=2.02-7.91), married(OR=6.30, CI=1.21-32.79). On the other hand, mentoring(OR=0.96, CI=0.94-0.99) lowered the probability of turnover. To reduce turnover of new nurses, we need to give special consideration for age of over 26 years and married nurses. Also, there is a need to develop an individualized mentor program.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.23 no.1
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• pp.61-69
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• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of the Tai Chi exercise program (Sun style 31 forms) on fatigue, anxiety, and sleep patterns in nursing students. Methods: A quasi-experimental study with a non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used. Nursing students who participated in this study were assigned to an experimental group (n=24), and a control group (n=26). The experimental group participated in Tai Chi exercise program for 60 minutes per session, and 3 times a week for 7 weeks. The Tai Chi exercise program consisted of 10 minutes for warm-up, 45 minutes for main session, and 5 minutes for cooling down exercises. The data were collected prior and after the intervention using self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, $x^2$-test, Fisher's exact probability, t -test, and the general linear model. Results: After the application of the program, the experimental group showed a significant difference in fatigue (F=20.62, p<.001), anxiety (F=16.96, p<.001), and sleep pattern (F=15.70, p<.001) scores. Conclusion: These findings show that the Tai Chi exercise program can be an effective nursing intervention to improve sleep pattern and to reduce fatigue and anxiety in nursing students.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 2022

Nursing students who play a role as future nursing professions are provided with education through various teaching and learning methods in order to develop necessary competencies. The purpose of this study is to confirm the effect of nursing practice education using multimedia. A quasi experimental study with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used, and the participants of the study were students from two nursing colleges, who received an educational intervention using multimedia as the experimental group and those without education were selected as the control group. Data collection was conducted immediately before and after educational intervention, and data analysis was performed using the SPSS 21.0 program by x²-test, Fisher's exact probability, and t-test. As a result of the study, the experimental group was statistically significant in self-efficacy (t=3.402, p=0.015), resilience (t=2.047, p=0.045) and performance confidence (t=2.128, p=0.018) compared to the control group. Through these results, we could confirm that multi-media practical education is effective educational method for enhancing nursing students' self-efficacy, resilience, and performance confidence. Therefore, in order to establish a systematization of the nursing profession, it is essential and should be continued for nursing students to use structured multimedia and core fundamental nursing skills.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
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• v.33 no.1
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• pp.18-32
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• 2016

Objectives : This study aims to analyze the co-occurrence of pathological symptoms and corresponding acupoints as documented by the comprehensive acupuncture and moxibustion records in the classical texts of Far East traditional medicine as an aid to a more efficient understanding of the tacit treatment principles of ancient physicians. Methods : The Classic of Nourishing Life with Acupuncture and Moxibustion(Zhenjiu Zisheng Jing; hereinafter ZZJ) was selected as the primary reference book for the analysis. The pathology-acupoint co-occurrence analysis was performed by applying 4 values of vector space measures(weighted Euclidean distance, Euclidean distance, $Cram\acute{e}r^{\prime}s$ V and Canberra distance), which measure the distance between the observed and expected co-occurrence counts, and 3 values of probabilistic measures(association strength, Fisher's exact test and Jaccard similarity), which measure the probability of observed co-occurrences. Results : The treatment records contained in ZZJ were preprocessed, which yielded 4162 pathology-acupoint sets. Co-occurrence was performed applying 7 different analysis variables, followed by a prediction simulation. The prediction simulation results revealed the Weighted Euclidean distance had the highest prediction rate with 24.32%, followed by Canberra distance(23.14%) and association strength(21.29%). Conclusions : The weighted Euclidean distance among the vector space measures and the association strength among the probabilistic measures were verified to be the most efficient analysis methods in analyzing the correlation between acupoints and pathologies found in the classical medical texts.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.13 no.11
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• pp.829-844
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• 2013

This study performed comprehensive tests on the four hypotheses on the capital structures for the firms listed in the KOSPI during the period from 2006 to 2011. It may be of concern to find any financial profiles on firms' leverage across the book- and market-value bases since there was relatively little attention drawn to any financial changing profile of the leverage surrounding the period of the pre-and the post-global financial crises. The findings of this study may also be compared with those of the previous related literature, by which it may be expected to enhance the robustness and consistency of the results across the different classifications on capital markets. It was found that three explanatory variables such as PFT, SIZE, and RISK, were found to be the statistically significant attributes on leverage during the tested period. Moreover, the outcome by the Fisher Exact test showed that a firm belonging to each corresponding industry may possess its reversion tendency towards the industry mean and median leverage ratios.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.207-214
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted to identify the effects of the Qi-gong Exercise program on the physical health status, the fear of falling, balance efficacy, and Hwa-Byung in the elderly. Methods: A non-equivalent control group pretest-posttest design was used in 52 elderly subjects who were assigned to the experimental group and the control group (26 subjects in each group). Study out-comes were measured by structured questionnaires from July 2015 to October 2015. For data analysis, the Chi-square test, the Fisher's exact probability test, the Mann-Whitney U test, the paired t-test, and the Wilcoxon signed rank test were performed using SPSS version 20.0. Results: There were significant differences in the physical health status (Z=12.000, p<.001), balance efficacy (Z=60.500, p=<.001), and Hwa-Byung (Z=20.500, p=<.001) between the two groups in pretest and posttest. Conclusions: The findings confirmed that the Qi-gong Exercise program is effective in improving the physical health status, balance efficacy, and Hwa-Byung in the elderly subjects in the community. It can be recommended as a public health program for the elderly population in the community.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.544-554
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• 2020

The purpose of this research was to determine the effect of baking and pastry activity programs on the cognitive function of the elderly with dementia. The study was carried out on 19 elderly with dementia who attended K city C daycare center and who provided consent. A total of 10 elderly were assigned to the experimental group, and the other nine were assigned to the control group. To test the effectiveness of the program, this research used the pretest-posttest control group design. The experimental group administered the program from January 2, 2017 to February 28, 2017. However, the control group did not undergo a separate program. Fisher's accuracy test was performed to identify the homogeneity of the experimental and control groups. Mann-Whitney U Test was conducted to identify the homogeneity of the cognitive functions of the experimental and control groups prior to the launch of the program. Wilcoxon Matched-Pairs Signed-Rank and Mann-Whitney U Test were conducted to determine the effects of the program on the cognitive function of the elderly with dementia. As a result, the program verified the effect on the cognitive function of the elderly with dementia. According to these findings, the important issues and limitations of the research are discussed.