• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
• /
• v.15 no.20
• /
• pp.8815-8822
• /
• 2014

Background: The incidence of stomach cancer in India is highest in the state of Mizoram. In this population based matched case-control study, we evaluated the relationship between CYP450 2E1 RsaI polymorphism and risk of stomach cancer taking into considering various important dietary habits along with tobacco, alcohol consumption and H. pylori infection status. Materials and Methods: A total of 105 histologically confirmed stomach cancer cases and 210 matched healthy population controls were recruited. CYP2E1 RsaI genotypes were determined by PCR-RFLP and H. pylori infection status by ELISA. Information on various dietary, tobacco and alcohol habits was recorded in a standard questionnaire. Results: Our study revealed no significant association between the CYP2E1 RsaI polymorphism and overall risk of stomach cancer in Mizoram. However, we observed a non-significant protective effect of the variant allele (A) of CYP2E1 against stomach cancer. Tobacco smokers carrying C/C genotype have three times more risk of stomach cancer, as compared to non-smokers carrying C/C genotype. Both Meiziol and cigarette current and past smokers who smoked for more than 10 times per day and carrying the (C/C) genotype are more prone to develop stomach cancer. Smoke dried fish and preserved meat (smoked/sun dried) consumers carrying C/C genotype possesses higher risk of stomach cancer. No significant association between H. pylori infection and CYP2E1 RsaI polymorphism in terms of stomach cancer was observed. Conclusions: Although no direct association between the CYP2E1 RsaI polymorphism and stomach cancer was observed, relations with different tobacco and dietary risk habits in terms of developing stomach cancer exist in this high risk population of north-eastern part of India. Further in-depth study recruiting larger population is required to shed more light on this important problem.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.21 no.5
• /
• pp.509-512
• /
• 1992

With the annual report of National Nutrition survey, the trend of food intake of Korean is analyzed from 1969 to 1989. Total food intake is about 1,000g. The amount of plant foods intake is decreased but the amount of animal food intake is increased. Among plant foods, the consumption of cereals and grain product and starch and starch roots is decreased gradually. The degree of decreasing are evident in the amount of cereal and grain product intake, The amount of vegetable intake is kept fluctuating, but the amount of processed vegetable products intake shows an upward trend. The amount of legumes and their products, vegetables, fruits and seaweeds intake is increased each year. In addition, among animal foods, the amount of meat and products, eggs, fish and shellfish and milk and milk products intake is increased greatly.

• Journal of Korean Society of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene
• /
• v.26 no.3
• /
• pp.277-285
• /
• 2016

Objectives: This study was performed in order to evaluate whether 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) could be detected among residents living near Camp Caroll in Waegwan and whether serum concentrations of dioxins, including 2,3,7,8-TCDD, and organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are associated with length of residence. Methods: Study subjects totaled 113 (for dioxins) and 190 (for OCPs) adults who were selected from participants in a medical investigation. Serum concentrations of dioxins and OCPs were measured using HRGC/HRMS. Information on length of residence was obtained through questionnaires. Results: 2,3,7,8-TCDD was not detected in serum among all subjects. When length of residence was classified as a categorical variable, after adjusting for confounding variables, only residents living in Waegwan for 40 years or longer tended to have high total TEQ values and 2,3,4,7,8-PeCDF with marginal significances. There was no dose-response relation between length of residence and serum concentrations of these chemicals. In multiple regression models with continuous values of the length of residence, total TEQ value and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF were positively associated with length of residence. However, they explained about 3-5% of total variations of serum concentrations of these compounds, while age, consumption of fatty fish, body mass index, alcohol drinking, and cigarette smoking were main variables affecting serum concentrations of dioxins or OCPs. Conclusions: In the current study, high concentrations of certain compounds were mainly observed among persons who lived in Waegwan for at least for 40 years without a dose-response relation. Therefore, it seems difficult to conclude that length of residence meaningfully contributed to the current serum concentrations of dioxins or OCPs among residents in Waegwan. However, considering the half-life of 2,3,7,8-TCDD and indirect exposure routes, the limitations of the current study design should be considered in the interpretation of the study findings.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
• /
• v.38 no.4
• /
• pp.425-430
• /
• 2005

Objectives : To investigate the prevalence of Clonorchis Sinensis infestation and to determine the associated risk factors among a population in a part of the rural area of Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea, which is an area known to have a high mortality from liver cancer and a high infection of C. sinensis. Methods : The study populat ion consisted of those people who have lived in rural areas and who were over 40 years old. This study was performed in 5 areas during the period from 1999 to 200 3. Informed consents were obtained from the 2,381 study participants, and these people were interviewed about their life style habits with using the structured questionnaire that was administered by trained staff members. The subjects underwent blood sampling and their stool specimens were examined by using the Formalin-ether sedimentation technique. Results : Among the study subjects (N=2,381), the positivity for C. sinensis in the stool was 34.4% (95% CI=36.3-42.5); it was 39.4% (95% CI=36.3-42.5) in the males and 30.9% (95% CI=28.5-33.3) in the females . The positivity for C. sinensis was associated with current alcohol drinking (odds ratio=1.8, 95% CI: 1.5-2.1) and raw fish consumption (odds ratio 1.2, 95% CI: 0.9-1.6). Conclusion : The present study confirmed the high prevalence of C. sinensis in the study subjects. It is necessary to establish consistent medical management and education programs for the treatment and prevention of C. sinensis infestation in the rural inhabitants of Korea.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.259-271
• /
• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the dietary habits and daily intake of nutrients in college students. This survey was conducted using a self-administered questionaire. The average heights and weights were 173.5 cm and 72.3 kg of male students and 161.8 cm and 57.2 kg of female students. The average of BMI was $24.2kg/m^2$ of male and $21.9kg/m^2$ of female, and the value of male students was higher than the value of female students. The response to the daily meals was 54.6% for '$2{\sim}3$ times/week'. The regularity of mealtime was 41.7% for irregular and the frequency eating after nine was 45.7% for '5-6 times/week', respectively. The repast was 72.2% for 'overeating and little eating' and was a significant difference of male and female students (p<0.05). The eating rate was higher '$10{\sim}20min$'. As for breakfast food eaten, skipping breakfast was 23.6% for 'no/week' and female students were higher than male students (p<0.05). The frequency of snacks was 36.0% for 'nothing' of males students and 34.8% for '3-4 times/week' of female students (p<0.05). The type of snack was a significant difference of males and females students (p<0.01), and was the highest 75.0% for carbonated drinks of males and 37.5% for snacks of females. The eating due to stress solution was a significant difference of male and female students (p<0.01), and was the highest 23.0% for 'frequency' of males and 44.7% for 'sometime' of females. As for food intake of male and female students, the meat intake was 66.7% for 'everything of male and female students. The fish intake was 68.1 % for '1-2times/week'. The milk, milk products, eggs and beans were each 40.3%, 58.3%, 56.9%, 47.2% for '1-2 times/week' (p<0.05). The fat intake was 55.6% for '$1{\sim}2$ times/week'. The average consumption of energy was 58% of male and 67% of female of estimated energy requirement (EER). Their mean ratio of carbohydrate: protein: fat was 57 : 15 : 28 of all subjects. The mean intakes of vitamin C and folic acid were 70% and 51% of males and 62% and 52% of females of recommended intake (RI). The mean intakes of Ca, P, Fe and Na were 71%, 140%, 146% of males and 72%, 122%, 76% of female of RI and 273% of males and 233% of females of adequate intake (AI). Therefore, nutritional education is necessary for college students to establish physicall and mentall optimal health conditions though nutritional intervention.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.12 no.3
• /
• pp.253-258
• /
• 2012

Dental amalgam is an alloy composed of a mixture of approximately equal parts of elemental liquid mercury and an alloy powder. Amalgam has been the most popular and effective restorative material used in dentistry. Despite the long history and popularity of dental amalgam as a restorative material, there have been periodic concerns regarding the potential adverse health effects arising from exposure to mercury in amalgam. Since children are more at risk for mercury toxicity, we aimed to assess the association between dental amalgam filling and urinary mercury concentration in children. 581 of elementary school children in grades 1st4th were conveniently recruited from two schools located in Daegu city, Korea. To obtain dental caries experience states, oral examination were conducted using the full term for DFS index, number of amalgam filling surfaces and the type of filling materials. A questionnaire was used to collect information about general characteristics and the frequencies of tooth brushing, gum chewing and fish/seafood consumption. The statistical analysis was done using the SPSS 18.0 program. The mean urinary mercury concentration in children having more surfaces was highest. As a results Urinary mercury concentration of children who have 79 teeth of amalgam filling and more than 10 is higher than without amalgam filling. The number of amalgam filling surface is closely related with urinary mercury concentration.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
• /
• v.16 no.5
• /
• pp.361-369
• /
• 2016

Oral health can influence on diverse food intake, and food intake affect oral health related quality of life. The aim of this study was to select key foods to be able to represent oral health related quality of life in Korea. We used the data of 503 Korean older persons to participate in the oral health promotion programme in 2009. The low consumption or low intake foods with criteria in 2012 National Nutrition Statistics were eliminated among 30 foods of food intake ability (FIA) at first. Decision tree model, correlation analysis, factor analysis, and internal reliablity test were used for oral health related quailty of life (OHRQoL) key food selection. We selected 13 foods-hard persimmon, dried peanut, pickled radish, caramel, rib of pork, glutinous rice cake, cabbage kimchi, apple, yellow melon, boiled chicken meat, boiled fish, mandarin, noodles as OHRQoL Key Foods 13. Thirty foods of FIA and OHRQoL Key Foods 13 displayed the same pattern of variation among sociodemographic groups. In a regression model, both of 30 foods of FIA and OHRQoL Key Foods 13 influenced on oral health impact profile-14. The findings suggest that OHRQoL Key Foods 13 have good reliability and validity and be able to use in oral health survey.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.20 no.3
• /
• pp.356-364
• /
• 2010

This study was carried out to investigate the exposure pathway of PBDEs in human breast milk collected from new mothers residing in Chuncheon, a comparatively clean area in Korea. The congeners of PBDE in 22 human breast milk samples were analyzed using a high resolution gas chromatography with a high resolution mass detector. The residue level of ${\sum}PBDEs$ was higher in primipara subjects than in multipara subjects (p<0.05). The levels in this study were similar to those of people in some Asian and European countries, but were lower than those of people in north America. In the congener profiles, BDE-47 (mean contribution=36.1%) was predominant, followed by BDE-153 (27%), BDE-99 (11.7%), BDE-100 (11.1%), BDE-28 (7.9%) and BDE-183 (3.5%). The sum of BDE-47 and BDE-153 accounted for more than 50% of ${\sum}PBDEs$ in most samples. BDE-47 was highly correlated with ${\sum}PBDEs$ (r=0.94, p<0.001). No strong trend was observed between PBDE levels and a number of key biological factors (women's age, weight, height and body mass index) examined in this study, however, weak correlations were observed in PBDE levels measured against dietary habits, particularly in fish consumption frequency. It seems that Korean people might be exposed to multiple sources including products of PBDEs, and particularly food resources.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.6
• /
• pp.672-677
• /
• 2001

There was an outbreak of food poisoning due to eating well-cooked imported tropical fish, Stromateus stellatus on May, 2000, in Korea. Gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea ($92\%$), nausea ($77\%$), abdominal pain ($54\%$), vomiting ($46\%$) and headache ($23\%$) were experienced within $0.5\~2$ hours (median 1 hour) after eating, Any specific natural toxins were not confirmed concerned to those poisoning, but large amount of abnormal lipid ($23\%$) was found from the muscle such as 1-O-diacyl glyceryl ethers (DAGE), which was consisted of $61.8\%$ of total lipid. The 16:0 ($66.3\%$) and 18:1 ($15.8\%$) alkyl chains were dominant in all alkyl chains of DAGE which were presumed as the causative agent for the diarrheal food poisoning. O1eic acid (18:1) was found as a major fatty acid at the sn-2 or 3 in DAGEs. O-16:0-18:1-18:1 ($16.2\%$),O-16:0-18:1-22:1 ($14.7\%$) and O-18:0-18:1-22:1 ($11.0\%$) were contained as the major molecular species of DAGEs by RI-HPLC.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.11 no.4
• /
• pp.31-35
• /
• 1982

The nutrition intake status of one hundred pre-school children, 5-year-old boys and girls, in Sok-Cho was surveyed. Subjects had two and half brothers and sisters. Breast-fed boys and girls were 48% and 40%, respectively. At the age of Six months, 70% of Subjects were Weaned. Percentage of total income spent for foods was $30{\sim}39%$. A varying number of foods were selected from 40 items. The food which children likeed best was fruit and icecream. Selected as liked food were straw berry, orange, apple, icecream, peach, grape, chocolate, youghurt and milk. Disliked foods were ginger, green onions, garlic, mushrooms and boiled rice mixed with orther cereals. Items which children have taken never before were kidney, slices of raw meat, liver, lotus rhizome and frech water fish. Insufficient caloric intakes were shown comprising 69~70% daily recommended dietary allowences for boys and girls. The total caloric intakes was composed of carbohydrate 65%, protein 11% and fat 23%, respectively. The cereal consumption was the highest (32.8%). There was a significant relationship (P<0.05) between the mother's knowledge on nutrition and the calorie. protein and calcium intake of boys. There was a significant relationship (P<0.05) between the mother's knowledge on nutrition and the caloric intake of girls.