• 대한간호학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.50-59
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the maternal perception of her newborn and identify the risk of mother-infant relationship. Broussard's Neonatal Perception Inventories were completed by 113 mothers on the first or second postpartum day (Time I ) while they were still in the University Hospital. These inventories were again administered when the infants were approximately one month of age (Time Ⅱ). The data was analyzed by S.P.S.S. program and the results were as follows: 1) There were differences between the mothers' exportations of the average baby and perceptions of their babies at Time I and Time Ⅱ (p<0.01). 2) The maternal perception of her newborn at Time I was not related with the education, the parity, the experience of abortion, the type of delivery and the sex of baby but related with the method of feeding (p<0.05). 3) The maternal perception of her newborn at Time Ⅱ was not related with the education, the parity, the experience of abortion, the type of delivery and the method of feeding but related with the sex of baby (p<0.05). 4) The changes of maternal perception between Time I and Time Ⅱ were not related with the education, the parity, the experience of abortion, the method of delivery and the sex of baby but related with the method of feeding (p<0.1). 5) The maternal perception of the newborn was not correlated with the age and the duration of labor.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.41-51
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• 1990

A special form of questionaire was prepared and distributed to 502 housewives in seoul from Feb. 8th to 22nd in 1989. The results were as follows: In Cooking methods, they tended to follow in the steps of their mother, and it took about half an hour or an hour to prepare a meal. They cooked fried foods once or twice a month. Whenever they fried foods they need new oil. Followings were details of cooking method mainly used by housewives. Fishes were tended to be roast, vegetables to be dressing and seasoning. Highly milled boiled rice was best preferred as the cheif food, and it was cooked by following procedure; First rice was washed, and steeped in water for the time being. Next, the water was poured out and water was filled again, then rice with the water was boiled. Fish Chige was cooked in the way that fish was put into the boiled soup. Fermented sao-bean paste Chige was cooked using water in which rice had been washed. Hard-boiled beef with soy sauce was made using the method that soy sauce was properly poured after beef was boiled. A Spinach was boiled shightly with salty water. In view of those results, there were many cases that housewives did not only utilize their knowledge about foods in real dietary life, but also fell short of endeaver to do so. They chiefly made use of the cooking methods instructed from their mother or husband's mother. In conclusion, in order to illuminate housewives to have an exact nutritional knowledge about foods and cooking methods getting out of the loss of nutritions, nutritional education program must be provided for housewives.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.107-115
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• 1992

This retrospective study was conducted to investigate the growth of children and their care person's weaning behaviors and its relation between the growth and care person's attitude and behaviors about weaning. 272 subjects who had child under 2 years old at that time were randomly selected and answered the special questionnaire. Results were as follows: Using to Kaup index, 13.4% of children were estimated undernutrition, 60.6% were normal and 26.0% were estimated overnutrition. 97.6% of respondant (children's mother) were recognized the need of weaning and the first prurpose of weaning was supplement of nutrients, and the next one was to set up normal food habits. 39.1% of subjects were used normal adult foods as weaning food. 60.9% of subjects were proepared special foods (making at home or buying commercial weaning food). The socioeconomic status was major factor to influence mother's behaviors about weaning. Vegetable and meat gruel was the most commen weaning food and the next one was fruits puree and rice with soup. The correlationship were found between Kaup index and the score of mother's weaning behaviors, between momer's eductional level and the score of weanig behaviors. 96% of subjects wanted nutritional education about weaning. They wanted to know about desirable weaning process and correct informations of commercial weaning foods mid the convenient cooking methods. According to the difference of socioeconomic status subjects were wanted different eductional methods. Upper socioeconomic group wanted special books about weaning and lower class wanted to be educted through the mass media especially television programs.

• 예술인문사회 융합 멀티미디어 논문지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.367-375
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• 2018

본 연구의 목적은 중국계 결혼이주여성들이 자신의 모국어인 중국어를 자녀들에게 제2언어로 교육하지 못하는 원인을 그들의 경험을 통하여 탐색하고 이에 대한 개선방안을 제시하는 것이다. 이를 위해 2017년 3월부터 2017년 6월까지 한국 거주한지 10년 이상 된 중국인 결혼이주여성 4명을 대상으로 심층인터뷰를 하고 그 내용을 분석하였다. 분석한 결과 결혼이주여성들이 자녀들에게 자신의 모국어를 교육하지 못하는 요인은 크게 네 가지로 나타났다. 첫째, 결혼이주여성 자신이 한국 환경에 적응하기 바빠 어려서부터 자녀에게 모어 가르치는 것을 소홀히 하였다. 둘째, 자녀들이 한국에서 살아가야하기 때문에 중국어보다 한국어교육에 더 많이 신경 쓰고 있었다. 셋째, 어머니 나라의 부정적인 인식 때문에 어머니의 모어를 배우려하지 않았다. 넷째, 한국인들의 부정적인 인식 때문에 당당하게 자신의 언어와 문화를 교육 시킬 수 없었다. 이와 같은 결과를 통하여 결혼이주여성들이 자녀들에게 모어를 가르쳐줄 수 있는 학습기회와 환경을 마련되길 기대한다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.5-35
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• 1998

This study attempted to determine the relation between the maternal role strain and their husbands' support in employed and nonemployed first-time mothers, and how it changed over time. A descriptive, longitudinal and comparative study design was conducted to collect and analyzed the data at three times(at 3-4days, at 4-6wks and at 3-month postpartum) regarding the change of maternal role strain and their husbands' support in employed and nonemployed first-time mothers. The subjects were 133 first-time mothers who delivered vaginally at K university hospital in Deagu, Korea from Dec., 1994 to Oct., 1995. Among these 58 were employed and 75 were nonemployed first-time mothers. This instruments used to data collection in this study were by Hobbs(1968 : The Difficulty Index for First-time Parents), Staffensmeier(1982: Transition Difficulty Measure), Tayer(1976: Emotional Support from Husband), Lee, Hae Kyoung(1992 : Physical Support from Husband). The analysis of data was done with SAS/PC program which included percentage, $x^2$-test, Pearson correlation, Repeated Measure ANOVA, Time Contrast Analysis and t-test. The results were as follows : 1. There was a significant negative correlation only at 3-4days(r=-.19, P=.0265) and at 4-6wks postpartum(r=-.18, P=.0392) between maternal role strain and husband's support of the first-time mothers. Thus, the more support from husband, the less maternal role strains the first-time mothers felt. Therefore, the 1st hypothesis that "the more husband's support the first-time mother felt at all the time of testing, the less maternal role strains they got" was partially supported at 3-days and 4-6 weeks postpartum. There was no correlation between maternal role strain and t husband's support of the employed first-time mothers at al testing times(at 3-4days postpartum : r=-.95, P=.9548, at 4-6wks postpartum : r=-.0960, P=.4733 and at 3-month postpartum : r=-.05, P=7306). On the contrary, the unemployed first-time mothers felt less maternal role strain when they received more support from their husband at 3-4 days postpartum(r=-.31, P=.0073) and at 4-6wks postpartum(r=-.23, P=.0490). 2. There was no difference of maternal role strain between two groups with regards to employment status(F=.97, P=.3270). But the maternal role strains of two groups were changed differently each other over time(F=3.89, P=.00234). Therefore, the 2nd hypothesis that "there was the difference in the maternal role strains with regard to employment status and over time" was rejected. 3. There was no difference in husband's support between the employed and the nonemployed first-time mothers(F=3.06, P=.0826). But there was a significant interaction between employment status and over time(F=3.64, P=.0267), so the support from husband of the employed and the unemployed first-time mothers was changed differently each other over time. The support from husband of the employed first-time mothers was lowered significantly and continuously at 4-6wks (F=5.20, P=.0263) and at 3-month postpartum(F=6.47, P=.0137) than at 3-4 days postpartum. On the contrary, there was no difference in change of husband's support of the employed first-time mothers between the 3-4 days and the 4-6wks postpartum(F=1.70, P=.1962) and between the 3-4 days and the 3-month postpartum(F=.21, P=.6513). Mean husband's support of the nonemployed first-time mothers was raised at 4-6wks postpartum than at 3-4 days postpartum but lowed at 3-month postpartum. The support form husband of both groups was tending downwards at 3-month postpartum than at 4-6wks postpartum, but the one between two groups was changed differently each other over time. The husband's support of the employed first-time mothers(M${\pm}$SD=64. 26${\pm}$8.63) was higher than the one of the nonemployed first-time mothers(M${\pm}$SD=59.16${\pm}$11.11) (t=-2.98, P=.0035), so the 3rd hypothesis that "there was the difference in the husband's support with regard to employment status and over time" was supported. On the basis of these conclusions, the following suggestion is proposed. This study examined the change and relationship between maternal role strain and husband's support in the employed and the nonemployed first-time mothers. So the further study regarding the comparison between the employed and the nonemployed multiparas is necessary.

• 가족자원경영과 정책
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2013

This study grasps the living condition of Single-Parent-Family, and compares Single-Parent-Family with Dual-Parent-Family to analyze necessary factors to enjoy the happier life. The data from '2009 the Korean Time Use Survey' and '2010 the National Survey of Korean Families(NSKF)' are used for this study. ANOVA, Duncan test, Correlation Analysis(SPSS for windows, Ver. 18.0) are used for statistical method. Here are the results of this study. First, distribution of living-time-usage of the Single-Parent-Family is different from that of Dual-Parent-Family. Second, the difference in the amount of leisure time, time distribution, and the content of activity was observed based on the gender of Single-Parent-Family. Third, there is a difference in family leisure activity time among Dual-Parent-Family, Mother-Single-Parent-Family, and Father-Single-Parent-Family in holidays. Fourth, there is a clear difference between Dual-Parent-Family and Single-Parent-Family, after looking at life satisfaction degree in work-family-leisure life experience.

• 아동학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.101-123
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• 1999

Fathering practices were assessed by the modified version of the fathering Practices Scale while children's social adjustment was assessed by the Social Adjustment Scale in this study of 405 first to sixth grade children and their fathers. Fathering practices differed by father's age, education, occupation, amount of time with children, extent of participation in children's school activities, mother's job status, and children's birth order. Children's social adjustment varied by father's education, amount of time with children, and participation in children's school activities. There were correlations among all four factors of children's social adjustment and all eight factors of fathering practices. Father's responsibility for children was the strongest predictor of children's social adjustment.

• 한국보육학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.91-108
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• 2018

본 연구는 신체접촉놀이와 공감적 소통능력을 위한 상담교육을 통합한 부모상담교육 프로그램을 개발하고, 모-자 상호작용, 양육 및 놀이에 대한 모의 인식 변화를 알아봄으로써 그 효과를 밝히고자 하였다. 공감적 소통능력으로 반영하기, 나-전달법과 제한설정, 서로 승자되기를 상담과 병행하여 교육하였으며, 신체접촉놀이를 통한 즐거움을 공유하는 경험을 포함하였다. 연구대상은 G시 A유치원에 재원 중인 유아 11명의 어머니를 대상으로 매회기 90분간, 매주 1회씩 총 8회기 부모상담교육 프로그램을 실시한 후, 7회기 이상 참석한 어머니 6명을 대상으로 분석하였다. 모-자 상호작용은 취학전/학령기 아동용 Marschak Interaction Method(MIM)로 평가하였으며, 양육 및 놀이에 대한 인식변화는 반구조화된 설문지로 조사하였다. 연구결과, 부모상담교육 프로그램에 참가한 후 모-자 상호작용에서의 긍정적인 변화가 나타났다. 즉 어머니의 상호작용이 보다 양육적이고 개입적으로 변하였으며, 구조를 제공하면서 유아의 도전을 촉진하는 상호작용이 증가하였다. 또한, 지시나 가르치려는 상호작용보다는 유아 주도의 상호작용이 증가하였고, 기다려주는 시간이 늘고 유아의 노력을 격려하는 반응이 증가하였다. 한편, 프로그램 참가 후 양육에 대한 행복감, 가치감, 자신감이 높아졌으며, 놀이에 대한 인식이 보다 긍정적으로 변화한 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구는 놀이와 상담과 교육을 통합했다는 점에서 의의가 있으나 사례중심의 질적 변화를 비교분석했다는 점에서 추후 연구의 필요성이 논의되었다.

• 여성건강간호학회지
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.28-43
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• 1995

The relationship between perceived social support and adaptation to maternal role for first-time mothers was investigated in this descriptive correlational study. A nonprobable sample of 90 first-time mothers were selected, who had uncomplicated perinatal experiences and delivered healthy and term newborns as well. The data was collected during a home interview at 4-6weeks postpartum. The outcome of adaptations was defined as the level of sensitivity in parent-infant interactions and of the self confidence in infant care. The perception of social support in the primiparous was assessed by the NSSQ during the postpartum. The results obtained from this study are summarized as follows : 1. The mean score of the perceived total functional support was $116.6{\pm}37.5$ points (affective : 38.1 affirmative : 39.3, aid : 39.3), and the score of the total network support was $45.2{\pm}13.9$ points (size : 4.9, duration :19.8 frequency : 20.4). These scores tended to be slightly low. 2. The mean score of the self confidence on the infant care activity as the subjective aspect of the maternal role adaptation (MRA) was 56.5 points (86.9%), whereas that of the sensitivity of the mother-infant interaction of the MRA was 78.9 points (63.2%). 3. The subjective aspect of the MRA has showed a positive relation ship with the aid dimension of the functional support. And the objective aspect of the MRA also showed a positive relationship with the total functional support and the total network support. However the correlating degrees were slightly low. In conclusion, the primiparous mothers perceived that they had received a small amount of social support during the postpartum period, suggesting the need of various kinds of social support to promote the MRA for the primiparous.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제36권10호
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• pp.161-178
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• 1998

This study attemps to identify the factors related to dealing withy work-family conflict of employed women, and to investigate the needs and the methods of support for household labor. Especially, the results of this study aims to be reflected in women's policy from a political point of view. For these purposes, 477 married women those being employed (more than 30 hours per week) and having nuclear family were selected. Statistics were frequencies, means, percentile, and two-way ANOVA. The results were as follows. First, employed mother's housework time is 5 hours 16 minutes on a weekday and 9 hours 32 minutes on Sunday with the exception of market work time. And 84.5% of total housework was performed by housewife. Thus they take chage of work burden(market work and housework), and make a difficulties of cooking and family care. Seconds, the highest needs of support was the change of thought on division of labor, responsibility on housework, and status of women. The next were the needs of the social organization(flex-time, a special holiday for woman workers, home-based work) and the public institution(day-care center, school feeding). Thirds, contributing factors to the needs of support were housewife's age and occupation. So, this two factors were crossed in order to analyze family type by factors.