• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.223-234
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• 2021

Itajahya rosea was found growing in association with Leucaena leucocephala plants at Savitribai Phule Pune University campus in India. The species identity was confirmed by phylogenetic analysis based on ITS and LSU regions of rDNA, wherein, our fugus was placed along with I. rosea in phylogenetic tree. It represents first record of I. rosea from India. Frequent visitation by Drosophila species on I. rosea fruiting body particularly on gleba was observed. The Drosophila got attracted to the detached gleba under the laboratory conditions and even sometimes, they prefer to sit over the gleba as compare to their food banana. It suggested that I. rosea gleba or pseudostipe produces some compounds for attraction and feeding behavior of Drosophila species. Therefore, we characterized the volatile attractants produced by gleba and pseudostipe of I. rosea by GC-MS analysis. Nineteen compounds were identified from gleba while nine compounds were recovered from the pseudostipe. Out of them, blends of three abundant odor producing volatile compounds were reported namely, Hexadecane, Pentadecane and Nonadecane, which are responsible for attraction of Drosophila toward the gleba. Three fatty acids namely 9,12-octadecadienoic acid (Z,Z), hexadecanoic acid and benzoic acid ethyl ester produced are served as an appetitive signal through olfactory response of Drosophila, so the flies were feed on the gleba. Two pheromones' compounds, heneicosane and (+)-(5S,9S)-5,9-dimethylpentadecane, were also reported in pseudostipe and gleba, respectively, which play a role in Drosophila for breeding. Our study highlights an intriguing chemical ecology of fungus-Drosophila interaction.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.33-44
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• 2008

The purpose of this study was to estimate the genetic parameters and trend of Landrace and Yorkshire pigs, which were raised on private farms from 1999 to 2005 and tested for their reproductive performance by the Korea Animal Improvement Association. Prior to analysis, records without pedigree or having value with larger than±3×standard deviation for the Total number of born were excluded. The effects of breed and environmental factors were estimated with least square method(Harvey, 1979), and estimation of breeding values and genetic parameters were performed on the data of 1’st litter only with GIBBSF90(Misztal, 2001) which was programmed according to Gibbs Sampling method based on Bayesian Inference by Gianola and Fernando(1986), Jensen(1994) and others. Gibbs sampling was performed 50,000 times for each parameter, and the first 5000 samples were regarded as those in burn-in period and thus, excluded for post hoc analysis. Total number of born and total number of accident were statistically significant(p<0.01) for the breed, farrowing year, farrowing season and parity effects, and the number born alive at birth was statistically significantp<(0.01) for the breed, farrowing year, farrowing season and parity effects. No particular trend was observed in the genetic and phenotypic improvement of the total number of born and number born alive at birth before 2001, when the piglet registration system started, but the tendencies of increasing for the total number of born and number born alive and decreasing for the total number of accident were observed since 2001. Somewhat higher heritability estimates of our study seems to be attributed to the situations that first parity records with poor farrowing performances were used in the analyses and it was impossible to obtain accurate reproductive performance due to the absence of criteria for record keeping at the level of individual farms.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Service
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.87-103
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• 1991

The somatic cell counts SCC and bacteria counts were done by D milk plant, P milk plant, S milk plant and Inch'${\v{\times}}n$ Vet. Serv. Lab from 1987 to 1990 with Coulter counter, Fossomatic 90, Bactoscan, Rolling ball viscometer and Resazurin reduction test. The results were summarized as follows 1. In the distribution of SCC of the bulk herd milk, D milk plant from Nov. 1989 to Oct. 1990 remarks 80.2% on the range below 500, 000, 14.5% ranging from 1, 000, 000 to 1, 500, 000, 1.2% ranging from 1, 500, 000 to 2, 000, 000, 0.69% ranging from 2, 000, 000 to 3, 000, 000, 0.71% on the range over 3, 000, 000. P milk plant remarks 237, 000 in the first half year and 251, 000 in the second half year in 1990 year. S milk plant remarks annual average of 335, 000 in 1987, 273, 000 in 1988 and 262, 000 in 1989. The individual record of Inch'${\v{\times}}n$ Vet. Serv Lab. remarks 79.35% and 80.2% below 500, 000 8.30% and 7.40% from 500, 000 to 1, 000, 000, 2.37% and 3.2% from 1, 000, 000 to 1, 500, 000, 2.77% and 2.30% from 1, 500, 000 to 2, 000, 000, 1.67% and 2.00% from 2, 000, 000 to 3, 000, 000, 5.53% and 4.40% over 3, 000, 000 in 1989 and 1990, respectively. The grade distirbution of SCC is as follows: D milk plant shows 1st grade-80.20%, 2nd grade-l6.5% and 3rd grade-3.30%. And P milk plant shows all 1st grade. S milk plant shows 87.30%, 8.6% and 4.1% in 1987 and 91.90%, 6.1% and 2.0% in 1988, and 92.40%, 6.1% and l.5% in 1989 on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade respectively. 2. The distribution of bacteria P milk plant reached 15.123 in 1st half year and 21.515 in 2nd half year. Also, S milk plant reached 81.5%, 12.5%, 6.0% in 1987, and 86.20%, 9.70%, 4.1% in 1988, and 86.2%, 10.8%, 3.0% in 1989 respectively for 1st, 2nd and 3rd grade. 3. The regional SCC distribution in D milk plant shows 1, 540, 000 in three regions and 714, 000 in one region. And monthly SCC distribution shows 671, 000 in December and 1, 165, 000 in June. 4. As a result of the individual SCC test, 9 times for 16 cows in “I”farm(1986-1988), and 6 times for 13 cows in“D”farm(1987-1988) No.3, 5, 9, 14 cows in“I”farm showed the high SCC beyond 1, 000, 000 over 4-5times. 5. If the SCC over 300, 000 reach 40%, the national producing quality of milk can be reduced by 87, 600M /I annually and in the sum of money, it should be about 35.5 billion Won. 6. The difference between high group and low group for SCC in D milk plant reached over 1, 000, 000. In case that the difference reaches 1, 000, 000 in the farm bulk milk at a farm breeding 20 cows which produce 20kg milk per day, it was estimate that the annual difference of producing quantity and sum of money respectively should be reached 26, 280kg in milk and 10, 643, 400 Won in income.