• 유통과학연구
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2024

Purpose: This study systematically examined the concept of digital selling readiness of salespeople. Additionally, this study empirically confirms the sequential mediating roles of digital literacy and salesperson self-efficacy in the impact of digital selling readiness on customer-oriented behavior. Research design, data, and methodology: We collected data from salespeople at a Bank and Financial Service firm in South Korea. A total of 254 salespeople were invited to participate, with 154 surveys returned. After removing the questionnaires with missing values, 150 complete surveys were employed for the analysis. Results: The empirical analysis indicates that digital selling readiness positively affects digital literacy. Digital literacy, in turn, is positively associated with self-efficacy, leading to increased customer-oriented behaviors among salespersons. This study also confirms the sequential mediating effects of digital literacy and self-efficacy in the impact of salespeople's digital selling readiness on customer-oriented behavior. Conclusions: Our research deepens the understanding of how digital selling readiness fosters customer-oriented behavior through the sequential mediating effects of digital literacy and self-efficacy. This study extends the previous model by sequentially involving digital literacy and self-efficacy to better understand the psychological processes of digital selling. The results highlight the role of digital selling readiness in preparing salespeople for digital sales.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 1994년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.83-86
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• 1994

High strength concrete increasingly used in various countries. Recently, great attetion is also paid to the high strength concrete in this country. To promote the actual application of high strength concrete, several series of high strength concrete have been made and applied to actual structures. The mechanical properties and the temperature rise due to generation of hydration heat have been also studied. The present study provides a firm base for the actual application of high strength concrete in the field.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.9-18
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relation between conservative loan loss accounting practice of banks, defined as accounting behavior that increases loan loss allowances against expected credit losses, and bank lending. Furthermore, we specify the macroeconomic conditions reflecting debtors' borrowing environments and analyze how these conditions affect the relation between conservative loan loss allowances and bank lending. Although existing literature reports that accounting conservatism has a direct effect on non-financial firms' investment behavior, there is little evidence about an effect of conservatism on banks' lending behavior. By exploiting data showing the links between individual Japanese firms and their individual lenders to control both loan demand and supply, we estimate OLS regressions to test the relationships among conservative loan loss allowance, bank lending, and macroeconomic conditions using a unique dataset containing bank-firm-year observations between 2001 and 2013. We find banks that have conservative loan loss allowances tend to provide fewer loans to firms with financing needs when macroeconomic conditions are good and these conservative banks are likely to provide more loans to firms when macroeconomic conditions are bad. Our findings suggest that reflecting expected credit loss into loan loss allowances can mitigate the procyclical behavior of banks.

• 아동학회지
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.103-121
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• 2013

The purpose of this study was to explore Korean mothers' beliefs regarding their toddlers' temperament, including what they believe constitutes desirable and undesirable behavior, and their resulting reactions. Data were collected int the process of interviewing 50 Korean mothers of toddlers (whose average age was 34.1 Months, and of which 54% were boys). Results revealed that mothers considered 'High-Sociality', 'Positive Affect' and 'High-Effortful Control' as desirable temperaments, whereas 'Negative Affect', 'Under-Effortful Control' and 'Low Sociality' were considered to be undesirable temperaments for toddlers. Mothers cited the importance of child 'Sociality' and 'Development', 'Easiness of Parenting' and 'Child Happiness' as the reasons for their beliefs. While, they considered 'Negative Affect', 'Under-Effortful Control' and 'Low Sociality' to be undesirable temperaments, citing 'Sociality', 'Difficulty of Parenting', 'Development' and 'Child Safety' as the reasons. Finally, mothers were more likely to give verbal encouragement or physical encouragement such as hugging, in responding to desirable behavior on the part of their child, whereas they were more likely to give firm inhibition, reasoning or inconsistent reaction to their child's undesirable behavior. Many of the mothers' beliefs varied depending on the child's gender. Results were discussed in relation to cultural perspectives.

• 유통과학연구
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.5-13
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• 2020

Purpose: This research investigates the cost behavior of the distribution industry. Specifically, we investigate if the ratio of the increase in costs with an increase in sales is consistent with the ratio of the decrease in costs when sales decrease. Traditionally, cost is assumed to be symmetrical. In the case of the distribution industry, it was expected that the downward rigidity of the cost would be shown because it would be very difficult to decide to adjust resources when sales temporarily decrease. Therefore, studies have looked at Korean capital markets based on manufacturing and steel industries. However, no research has been done on the distribution industry. Research design, data, and methodology: To verify the hypothesis of this study, the asymmetry of cost was measured by Anderson et al. (2003). The sample used 28,695 firm-year data from 2002 to 2019 for the KOSPI and KOSDAQ stock markets. Results: The empirical analysis results are as follows. First, asymmetry of cost was observed in the case of the distribution industry. We confirm cost rigidity when sales decreased. Conclusions. This is the first study to look at cost behavior in the distribution industry, and the downward rigidity of cost in the distribution industry is observed.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.370-377
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• 2015

조직신뢰는 기업의 경쟁력 결정에 중요 요인으로 작용하며, 특히 기업구성원의 조직에 대한 신뢰는 조직 유효성을 높이는 직접적인 수단이 된다. 조직신뢰의 형성은 구성원에게 조직에 대한 긍정적인 감정을 부여하며 자발적인 행동을 유도하여 기업의 성과를 제고시킨다. 본 연구는 이론적 실증적 차원에서 조직신뢰를 통해 조직몰입과 조직시민행동을 높일 수 있는 방안을 모색하였다. 본 연구는 중국 내 15개 기업 228개의 사례를 대상으로 자료를 수집하였다. 실증분석 결과 조직신뢰는 조직몰입과 조직시민행동에 정(+)의 영향을 미친다는 사실이 확인되었다. 중국 기업구성원들의 조직신뢰는 정서적 지속적 몰입 제고에 중요 요건이 되며, 조직시민행동은 조직몰입에 영향을 받는 주요한 결과변수임이 확인되었다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제7권10호
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• pp.129-139
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• 2020

The objective of this study is twofold: first, to investigate how organizations encourage factors that have an impact on employees' entrepreneurial behavior from employee's perspectives and experiences; and second, to discover how and why employees behave entrepreneurially within the organization. A case study method is considered as an appropriate approach to scrutinize intrapreneurial behavior because it principally concentrates on an investigation into a contemporary organizational phenomenon and context concerning entrepreneurial activities in-depth within its real situation. In data collection, an Asian multinational retail company was selected. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 24 executive-level employees who had been working in various departments for more than 5 years. Each in-depth interview lasts for a duration of 40 to 60 minutes. The results reveal several understandings into the combination of individual-level and organizational-level factors that promote the intrapreneurial behavior and activities of the established firm in the context of Thailand. In this regard, six factors have been found as the key determinants that make an impact on innovativeness, proactiveness, and risk-taking behaviour of the employees. Those factors are personal preference, organizational stability, management support, compensation, reward system, teamwork, quality of relationship with colleagues, work autonomy and the quality of relationship with the superiors.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.311-318
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• 2022

Nepotism practices have had a severe impact on the social, ethical, and economic culture of not only corporations but also countries in the modern world. Nepotism behavior not only discourages the determined and motivated employee, but also has a detrimental impact on the worker's satisfaction, performance, and contribution to the firm's success. This increases economic tensions due to workers' dissatisfaction with their jobs and occasionally withdrawal intentions, resulting in poor economic activity and a decline in society as a whole. The purpose of this study is to see how organizations' nepotism affects individual work happiness, withdrawal behavior, social and ethical values, and the country's economic development. The study's target audience was private-sector employees, including managers, non-managerial staff, and middle and lower-level employees. Convenient sampling was used to ensure that the target population was accessible and available. The findings demonstrated that organizational nepotism causes substantial harm not only to employees but also to businesses and the economy. The employee who is happy with his or her job and working environment is less likely to withdraw.

• 산경연구논집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.11-21
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• 2022

Purpose: This study predicted cost asymmetry as a determinant of investment efficiency, and empirically analyzed the relationship between cost stickiness and investment efficiency. Research design, data and methodology: Using a sample of 4,382 Korean firm-year observations over 2011-2017 period, I examined the relationship between cost stickiness and investment efficiency. Asymmetrical cost behavior is measured as model of Homburg and Nasev (2008) and model of Park, Koo, and Pae (2012). Investment efficiency is measured as Chen, Hope, Li, and Wang (2011)'s model. Results: Firms with cost stickiness are less efficient in their investment than firms with non-cost stickiness. In other words, cost stickiness is an empirical result that supports the previous research on cost decision-making from perspective of managers pursuing private benefits due to information asymmetry. Conclusions: By showing that the manager's decision-making on the cost behavior affects the investment efficiency corresponding to capital management, the implications for the mechanism for efficient capital management are provided. Through the empirical results, it was shown that the cost stickiness is a product of opportunistic cost decision-making due to information asymmetry, and it is to present evidence that expands the meaning of the causes of asymmetric cost behavior.

• 한국건설관리학회논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.135-143
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• 2018

건설 프로젝트를 성공하기 위해서는 핵심 이해관계자인 발주자와 시공사의 협력적 관계가 무엇보다 중요하다. 거래 상대방의 행동에 영향을 미치거나 통제 할 수 있는 권력은 건설 프로젝트에서 이해관계자간에 협력적인 행동을 유발 할 수 있는 요소로 간주될 수 있다. 또한, 거래 비용 이론에 따르면 계약은 효과적으로 거래 상대방의 행동에 영향을 미친다. 권력에 추가하여 계약 또한 시공자의 협력적 행동을 설명 할 수 있는 요소라고 할 수 있다. 건설 프로젝트에서 시공사의 협력적 행동을 유발하기 위해 발주자의 권력이 유효한 영향력을 미치는지는 매우 흥미로운 주제이다. 한편, 계약의 기능에 대한 심층적인 이해는 성공적인 건설 프로젝트 관리에 있어 필수적인 부분이다. 본 연구에서는 국내 건설 프로젝트에서 발주자의 권력 및 계약의 기능과 시공자의 행동 사이의 매커니즘을 탐색 해 보고자 한다.