• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.143-149
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• 2014

Recently, the structure system for apartment buildings in Korea has been changing from wall to post-beam structure. This study examines the fire resistance and sound insulation of light-weight dried wall, a component of post-beam structure. For the fire resistance and sound insulation in Korea, the Compartment wall of apartment house in the case of building regulation has regulations specify the detailed requirement of fire compartment walls in apartment, but do not specify that of interior walls. This study proposes the fire resisting rate of the interior wall into three grades in which the highest grade requires fire resistance of 30 minutes and also proposes the requirement of sound insulation performance into three grades in which the lowest grade requires 35dB.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.703-709
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• 2002

In order to investigate the smoke movement in three dimensional room fires, the center fire, wall fire and corner fire plume in different sized fires were studied experimentally by rectangular pool fire using methanol as a fuel. As the fire size became larger for the center fires placed at the center of the floor, the air flow rate entrained through the opening, average hot layer temperature, flame angle deflected backwards and mean flame height was observed to increase. On the other hand, as the fire size became smaller, the neutral plane height in the door and time reached steady-state was observed to decrease. The average hot layer temperature, mean flame height and doorway neutral plane height obtained from comer fire were higher than those produced by wall fires and center fires. The simple model for describing the effect of walls on the mean flame height was presented. It was shown that the model provides a good description of the present measurements, when used with the assumption by Hansell(1993), that the increase of the average flame height is equal to the ratio of the open to the total perimeters of the trays. Also the two models for predicting the effects of walls on the mean flame height were presented. These models overestimated the measured values of the mean flame height above fuel trays close to a wall and in a corner by approximately 19-26%, respectively.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.10-21
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• 2009

This study contains the fire protection safety of the public-utilization shops. The toll of fires in the public-utilization shops is so heavy in spite the less occurency. The shops are mostly compartmented into small rooms by partition wall which hinders the evacuation of the people on fire. This study provides additional requirements on the fire safety of the public-utilization shops needed for human life and property.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.37-43
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• 2017

Domestic sandwich panel buildings are widely used on walls and roofs of factories and warehouse facilities. Factory and warehouse facilities have high fire load and rapid spread of fire due to their use characteristics, leading to large fires. Due to the characteristics of materials, walls and roofs are collapsed, resulting in life damage and property damage. In this regard, this study examined domestic and international standards of sprinkler facilities to prevent ignition of sandwich panel walls. Also, in order to check whether the fire was prevented by installing the head on the wall of the sandwich panel, the fire test was carried out with 10 cm, 60 cm, and 120 cm from the wall along the sprinkler head installation standard of domestic fire safety standards. As a result of the fire test, it was confirmed that the sandwich panel was prevented from igniting when the head of water pressure 0.1 MPa and water quantity K-80 was installed. According to the separation distance, it was impossible to measure the temperature at 10 cm, but at 60 cm, At the maximum temperature of $525^{\circ}C$ and 120 cm, the maximum temperature of the wall of the sandwich panel was measured as $276^{\circ}C$. As a result of the fire test, considering the fire point of 450 degrees Celsius in the fire test of the sandwich panel, the distance from the sandwich panel wall to the combustible is more than 120 cm.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2018

Purpose : This study is to develop walls using wall recording technology applied on roofs to prevent fire spread in traditional markets. Method : The spray head installed on the developed wall was designed so that the fire does not spread to adjacent buildings after being used for plants. In addition, a spray head was attached to the upper section and some sections for the growth of plants planted on the wall to prevent the spread of fire. Results : These technologies suggested the development of walls that can be installed at the upper level of buildings, such as traditional markets, and separate isolation facilities were not necessary because they are integrated with structures and sprinklers. In addition, sprinklers can perform both the plant spray and fire spread prevention functions. It is believed that this is the only alternative technology proposed in Korea to prevent the spread of fire. Conclusion : In this study, the wall design, designed directly to derive the quantitative performance of the fire spread reduction effect, demonstrated the fire suppression method of the wall system, the durability of the wall itself, and the flame retardability performance.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.15-18
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• 2008

A study on the fire and smoke behavior on experiments and analysis through STAR-CD in using about behavior analysis of the smoke. Kerosene of 3L in using on the experimental garden of 30cm in diameter same applies to heat release rate(HRR), buoyant force by Plume can be calculated at a rate of 1m/s. The result of experiment in average of velocity were 0.29m/s, and interpreted result were 0.28m/s. Besides, it is proved by interpreted that behavior of smoke movement can be not observed in the experiment. After smoke is Plume increased, ceiling-jet in formation being descend in smoke layer will be more thick smoke layer, and then vertical wall is collapsed in formation of wall-jet being descend. It is defined that smoke layer is more thick through descending course in wall-jet and ceiling-jet.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.88-93
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• 2004

This experimental study was carried out to evaluate effect of the radiation heat flux for the pool and spill fire in petroleum storage tanks, which were made form steel. Each of them had the capacity of 250, 2500 and 25000 liter, respectively. The effects of the radiation heat flux are as follows; 1) The intensity of radiation heat flux from a flame decreased exponentially with increasing distance from outside wall of tanks, and increased significantly with surface area of tank and dyke. 2) In the case of 25000L tank, the radiation heat flux was about max. 98.9kW/$m^2$ in 1m from wall of tank. 3) The distance, that was able to ignite wood or plastics by radiation heat flux of approximately 12.5kW/$m^2$, was about 3.14m from wall of 25000L tank.

• Journal of the Korea institute for structural maintenance and inspection
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.109-116
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the fire resistant performances of load-bearing wall using both composite and steel stud panel infilled with light-weight formed mortar under axial loading according to KS F 2257(1999). The minimum requirement of 2 hours fire resistant rating is needed for the residential and commercial buildings under the fire regulation of Korea. From test results, it is found that two types of specimen composed of the hybrid stud and steel stud panel filled with light-weight formed mortar fited in with the requirement of 2 hours fire resisting rate for the load-bearing wall. In the conclusions, the specimen with hybrid stud shows predominating fire-resistant performance on the adiabatic effects rather than that of the steel stud specimen.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.38-45
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• 2018

Jet fire, pool fire, and vapor cloud explosion are major accident scenarios in LPG filling station. The protection wall would mitigate radiation effect in a jet fire. In case of a pool fire, the protection wall would restrict expanding the pool area. The protection wall might both obstruct the dispersion of released vapor and protect blast overpressure in a vapor cloud explosion scenario. In this paper, An availability assessment method of the protection wall how much reduce damage to receptors is proposed. Additionally application cases are presented for the effectiveness of protection wall in the LPG filling station. The study shows that the protection wall can effectively reduce the death probabilities of receptors located behind the wall in cases of the jet fires and the vapor cloud explosions.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.87-93
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• 2010

The objective of this study is to verify the safety in case of fire and change of residential environment for different wall construction approaches in a stairways apartment house. In order to confirm that case_1, which is current case that most of wall is opened and the case 2, which upper part of wall is limitedly opened are compared and analyzed based on simulations of fire, escape and natural ventilation performance. The analysis reveals that possible escape time for case 1 was more than 600 seconds and for case 2 was 195 seconds. Since the escape times for both cases were over 128 seconds, it would be reasonable to assume that every resident would escape. The simulation results on natural ventilation performance shows the air change per hour of case 1 and case 2 were .19n/h and .16n/h and there was 1.2 times difference. However, the difference was too insignificant and it could be seen as that different approaches on wall construction would not significantly influence on natural ventilation performance.