• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.499-504
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic indicators which are used for the identification of fire-heat pattern in stroke patients. For evaluation of diagnostic indicator, we analyzed the indicators which are composed of symptoms and signs collected from stroke patients based on the clinical records using case report form (CRF). Patients had a first-ever stroke within 1 month after the onset of stroke. Pattern identification was performed and decided by two independent physicians. Two patient groups that consist of fire-heat pattern and the other patterns were compared to isolate important indicators affecting the fire-heat pattern identification of stroke patients. The 8 indicators among 16 fire-heat pattern indicators were significantly more frequent compared with non fire-heat pattern group. Logistic regression analysis revealed that 5 indicators among fire-heat indicators were significantly sensitive indicators being capable of identification of fire-heat pattern. But two of them was from the indicators of dampness-phlegm pattern and yin deficiency pattern. Therefore, further studies are required for the development of Korean standard indicators of Fire-heat pattern identification.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.137-143
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• 2008

In the present study, a forest fire spread was simulated with a three-dimensional, fully-transient, physics-based, computer simulation program. Physics-based fire simulation is based on the governing equations of fluid dynamics, combustion and heat transfer. The focus of the present study is to perform parametric study to simulate fire spread through flat and inclined wildland with vegetative fuels like trees or grass. The fire simulation was performed in the range of the wind speeds and degrees of inclination. From the results, the effect of the various parameters of the forest fire on the fire spread behavior was analyzed for the future use of the simulation in the prediction of fire behavior in the complex terrain.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.113-123
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• 2009

The number of high-rise buildings already constructed and/or being constructed is getting increased both domestically and internationally, for example, Lotte World 2 in Seoul and Taipei 101 in Taiwan, respectively. Maintenances of those skyscrapers, especially in fire-fighting safety, would be different from those of conventional buildings and are one of keen issues. In this study, the features of risks in aspects of fire-fighting safety for the buildings are investigated and the corresponding fire safety measures are proposed to prevent the disasters and to minimize the personal and property damages from it. The proposals include the specialization in self fire-fighting managements, the realization of self fire-fighting maintenance, the establishment of the integrated fire-fighting system, and the correction of inconsistencies in related laws on fire-fighting safety.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2022

As steel is highly sensitive to temperature variations, fire exposure is more destructive in the case of steel structures in comparison to the concrete ones. The performance of an intermediate three-story steel moment frame with 4 spans was studied under the service load, thermal load and post-earthquake fire in this paper. Also, the effects of passive fire-protection materials such as ordinary cement-based and fire-retardant coatings were investigated. To model and analyze the structure; Abaqus software is utilized. In order to apply the earthquake effect, the push-over analysis method is employed. Changes in the stories deflection, endurance time and growth of nonlinear regions due to losses in the steel stiffness and strength, are among the issues considered in this study. As an interesting finding, the beams protected by ordinary cement-based coating could sustain the fire exposure at least for 30 minutes in all cases. The mentioned time is increased by employing a new fire-retardant protection, which could prevent significant loss in the structure resistance against fire, even after 60 minutes of exposure to fire.

• 융복합기술연구소 논문집
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2021

Recently, the fire safety of road tunnels has been important issues in South Korea. However, proper fire safety regulations has not made for road tunnels. Due to geographical challenges in South Korea, road tunnels should be constructed to secure stable traffic flows. In the Guidelines for Installing and Managing Disaster Prevention Facilities of Road Tunnels (NFSC 603), main target vehicles are passenger cars. This guidelines cannot support big fires from larger vehicles such as cargo, oil trucks. In this study, fire safety for a road tunnel in port area was analyzed with fire dynamics theory under cargo truck fire scenario. Sujunsan road tunnel in Busan city was chosen as a target tunnel, which links between Busan port and highways to increase cargo shipping. The results show the limitations of present guidelines (NFSC 603) for road tunnel from large fire situations.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제43권3호
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• pp.353-362
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• 2022

Bridge fire hazard has become a growing concern over the last decade due to the rapid increase of ground transportation of hazardous materials and resulting fire incidents. The lack of fire safety provisions in steel bridges can be a significant issue owing steel thermal properties that lead to fast degradation of steel properties at elevated temperatures. Alternatively, the development of composite action between steel girders and concrete decks can increase the fire resistance of steel bridges and meet fire safety requirements in some applications. This paper reviews the fire problem in steel bridges and the fire behavior of composite steel-concrete bridge girders. A numerical model is developed to trace the fire response of a typical bridge girder and is validated using measurements from fire tests. The selected bridge girder is composed by a hot rolled steel section strengthened with bearing stiffeners at midspan and supports. A concrete slab sitting on the top of the girder is connected to the slab through shear studs to provide full composite action. The validated numerical model was used to investigate the fire resistance of real scale bridge girders and the effect of the composite action under different scenarios (standard and hydrocarbon fires). Results showed that composite action can significantly increase the fire resistance of steel bridge girders. Besides, fire severity played an important role in the fire behavior of composite girders and both factors should be taken into consideration in the design of steel bridges for fire safety.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.15-21
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• 1998

본 연구에서는 국내의 30년간 발생한 백화점 화재 사고사례를 토대로 그 심각성 예측을 위해 확률적 인 접근을 하였다. 백화점 화재의 년간 발생 건수와 그 피해액 정도를 고려하여 위험 수준을 산정해 보 았다 또한 본 연구에서는 백화점 화재발생 시나리오를 작성해 미국 NIST에서 개발한 FPETOOL 프로그 램을 이용하여 백화점에서의 화재에 대한 심각성을 예측하였다 . FPETOOL 프로그햄 실행 결과로 화재 발생시 인체가 위험해지는 용도, 연기충, 가스 농도의 수준에 도탈하는 시간올 알 수 있었다. 백화점에서 화재가 발생했을 경우 그에 따른 재산피해, 인명피해가 매우 크며, 잠재하는 위험성이 매 우 크므로 미연에 방지해야 한다.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2012년도 춘계학술발표회 초록집
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• pp.174-177
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• 2012

타인의 안전을 확보하기 위하여 자신의 안전을 먼저 확보해야 한다는 것은 당연한 논리임에도 우리는 항상 이 말을 간과해 왔다. 각종 재난으로부터 국민의 생명과 재산을 보호하는 소방공무원에게 무엇보다도 필요한 말이지만 이를 외면한 댓가는 매년 증가추세를 보이고 있는 소방력 손실과 근무의욕 저하로 나타나고 있다. 그동안 안전을 위하여 많은 시책들을 추진해오고 있지만 도외시되었던 근본적인 문제점은 무엇인지 돌아보고 반성하고자 한다.

• 한국화재소방학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국화재소방학회 2011년도 추계학술논문발표회 논문집
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• pp.446-449
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• 2011

2005년 낙산사 이후 강원도 지역의 목조문화재의 소방대책 및 안전의식의 증대와 함께 많은 소방시설의 보강 및 정비가 이루어 졌다. 그럼에도 2008년 숭례문화재가 발생하는 등 목조 문화재의 손실이 발생하고 있다. 이 논문에서는 강원도에 위치한 중요 목조 문화재를 중심으로 목조 문화재의 소방 시설을 비교하고 삼척시에 위치한 죽서루를 중심으로 소방 현황과 대책에 대해서 알아보고 목조문화재의 화재 예방 및 소방대책에 대하여 제안하고자 한다.

• Quantitative Bio-Science
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.81-89
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• 2018

It is commonplace that high false detection rates interfere with immediate vision-based fire monitoring system. To circumvent this challenge, we propose a fire detection algorithm that can accommodate color variations of RGB in temporal domain, aiming at reducing false detection rates. Despite interrupting images (e.g., background noise and sudden intervention), the proposed method is proved robust in capturing distinguishable features of fire in temporal domain. In numerical studies, we carried out extensive real data experiments related to fire detection using 24 video sequences, implicating that the propose algorithm is found outstanding as an effective decision rule for fire detection (e.g., false detection rate <10%).