• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.147-154
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to report the effectiveness of Fire needling therapy in patients with a vertebral compression fracture. Three patients with a acute vertebral compression fracture were treated using Fire needling therapy. To evaluate the effectiveness of Fire needling therapy, we checked Numerical rating scale on a daily and Oswestry disability index on admission and discharge. Numerical rating scale decreased as the number of Fire needling therapy increased. Oswestry disability index on discharge improved compared to admission. The limitation of this study is the insufficient number of cases and outcome measurements. Further studies are needed to prove effect and safety.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.274-277
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• 2012

현 화재 감식 및 조사에서는 일반적으로 화재 조사관의 경험이나 지식으로 판단하는 사례가 있다. 그러나 PL법 및 실화책임법에 따라 국내에서도 과학적 화재조사방법론이 필요시되고 있으며 이에 따라 본 연구에서는 과학적 화재감식 및 화재조사방법론의 일환으로 FDS를 이용한 화재조사매뉴얼의 필요성에 대해서 조사하였다. 그러나 현재 FDS를 화재조사 및 감식에 무분별하게 이용하기에는 어려움이 있으며 이를 활용하기 위한 기초적 화재데이터의 수집이 필요하다고 판단된다.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2012.04a
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• pp.163-166
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• 2012

최근 국내 대도시를 중심으로 초고층건축물이 계획 건립되고 있으며, 그에 따라 국내 외적으로 초고층건축물 화재가 빈번하게 발생하고 있으나, 현재 국내 소방기술은 그에 대한 어떤 확실한 대안도 갖고 있지 못하다. 2010년 발생한 부산 해운대 우신골든스위트 화재사례를 통해 고층건물 화재진압의 부진했던 주된 원인과 문제점이 분석되면서, 최근 국내 고층건축물의 화재를 대비한 관련법(건축법, 소방법 등)들이 제정되고 있다. 그러나 아직도 고층건축물에서의 화재진압방법, 인명구조 및 소방진압장비의 연구 개발의 성과가 부족하다. 본 연구에서는 초고층건축물의 외장재를 통한 수직화재 확산방지를 위한 보다 효과적인 진압방법과 인명구조방법을 제안하고자 한다.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.21 no.2 s.74
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• pp.46-51
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• 2006

The smoke exhaust system is one of the effective systems to save lives when fire occurs underground. This study presents a complete analysis of effective smoke exhaust and smoke characteristics for a fire occurring with a transverse ventilation system use as a smoke exhaust system. The performance of the smoke management system was studied by computer modeling using FDS version 3.1. A fire size of 20MW was used for tunnel with balanced exhaust transverse ventilation. The smoke management design and the procedure as simulated in this study are also compliant to the tunnel construction and fire codes of Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.133-140
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 전기기구 접속부에서 발생되는 화재위험성을 분석하고자 일반적으로 전기기기에 사용되는 KIV($1.25\;mm^2$, 50가닥)전선을 사용하여, 인위적인 손상을 주어 길이 5 mm, 9 mm, 15 mm에 각각 소선수(50, 32, 16, 8, 4, 2, 1가닥)를 가진 반단선 시료를 제작하고, 제작된 시료에 차단기나 퓨즈 등 전기적인 안전장치가 동작하지 않는 정상전류(4 A, 8 A, 12 A, 16 A)를 300초간 인가한 후, 열화상카메라를 이용하여 반단선의 온도특성 및 발화가능성을 확인하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.5 no.6
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• pp.421-441
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• 2005

The present work reports on a numerical simulation of a compartment fire. The fire was modeled using a simplified approach, where combustion is simulated as a volumetric heat release. Computations were performed with the commercial code CFX 5.6. Radiation was modeled with a differential approximation (P1 model), while turbulence effects upon the mean gas flow were dealt with a SST turbulence model. Simulations were carried out using a transient approach, starting at the onset of ignition. Results are provided for the temperature field time evolution, thus allowing a direct comparison with the analytical and experimental data. The high spatial resolution available for the results proved to be of great utility for a more detailed analysis of the thermal impact on the steel structure.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 1997.11a
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• pp.550-557
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• 1997

Production of so-called Halon fire extinguishing agents has been prohibited since January 1994 because of their ozone depletion potential, To replace them, several hydrofluorocarbons and fluorocarbons have been developed and utilized. A number of studies on flame extinguishing concentrations and flammability peak concentrations of them have been done. Although there was enough information for practical purpose, more knowledge on fire extinguishing characteristics of them should be attained for efficient use of them. In this study, peak concentrations of methane/air mixtures with gaseous halogenated hydrocarbons were measured at elevated temperature, because the former studies were done at room temperature and temperature of a fire room can be higher than usual. Measurement was done at $200^{\circ}C$, because measuring system could not endure higher temperature. This study revealed that peak concentrations of halogenated hydrocarbons differed little at elevated temperature. The halogenated hydrocarbons have almost the same fire extinguishing ability as Halon 1301.

• Journal of Sensor Science and Technology
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.248-254
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• 2024

Artificial intelligence techniques have improved fire-detection methods; however, false alarms still occur. Conventional methods detect fires using current sensors, which can lead to detection errors due to temporary environmental changes or noise. Thus, fire-detection methods must include a trend analysis of past information. We propose a deep-learning-based fire detection method using multi-sensor data and Kendall's tau. The proposed system used a BiLSTM model to predict fires using pre-processed multi-sensor data and extracted trend information. Kendall's tau indicates the trend of a time-series data as a score; therefore, it is easy to obtain a target pattern. The experimental results showed that the proposed system with trend values recorded an accuracy of 99.93% for BiLSTM and GRU models in a 20-tap moving average filter and 40% fire threshold. Thus, the proposed trend approach is more accurate than that of conventional approaches.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.120-130
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• 2020

This study aimed to provide an empirical analysis of the effect of preventive fire administration (PVFA) and prepared fire administration (PPFA) on response fire administration (RPFA) in fire service organizations in Korea. To this end, panel data was collected from 16 metropolitan councils from the period of 2008 to 2018 and statistically analyzed using PVFA, PPFA, and RPFA. The independent variables were PVFA and PPFA, while the dependent variable was RPFA. The analysis of the current situation of the specific target for firefighting (STFF), public use facilities, proof of completion of safety families for public use facilities, and special fire inspection were sub-variables of PVFA. Fire safety education (FSE) and the mobilization for fire suppression (MFS) were sub-variables of PPFA and RPFA, respectively. In the results, STFF and FSE had a significant positive influence on the MFS. This study will contribute to the basic research regarding the investigation of the effectivity of fire service organizations in Korea.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2016

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the basic data (e.g. education experience and awareness of the installation situation, and usage of indoor fire hydrants) for the effective planning, progress and improvement of fire safety education. For this purpose, we surveyed 198 participants and an analysis of the frequency and descriptive statistics based on the survey data was carried out using SPSS 20.0 for Windows. The analysis results showed that 87.9% of the research participants live in accommodation with indoor fire hydrants installed and that, among them, 17.7%, did not know their location. 63.6% of the research participants, had received fire safety education but, among them, 31.0% had never been educated about the use of indoor fire hydrants. The main type of fire education was instructor-led training, which represented 50.0% of the participants. We believe that the results of this paper will serve as a basis for efficient adult fire safety education.