• 보존과학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.123-142
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• 2020

고문헌 조사를 토대로 밀랍주조법을 이용한 사전실험, 재현실험을 통해 청동반가사유상의 복원 연구를 실시하였다. 복원대상은 국보 제83호 금동미륵보살반가사유상으로, 이에 대한 과학적 분석결과를 바탕으로 합금비, 주조방법 등을 설정하였다. 사전실험에서 합금비는 구리:주석:납=95.5:4.0:0.5로 설정하였으나, 본실험에서는 기화량을 감안하여 납과 주석을 각각 2.5%씩 증량하여 장입하였다. 밀랍주조법을 적용하였으며, 본실험에서는 밀랍 경도 실험을 실시하여 송진 30%를 투입하였을 때 적정 강도를 가짐을 알 수 있었다. 미세조직은 일반적인 주조조직(α-Cu, δ)이 확인되었고, 성분분석 결과 선행연구와 유사한 양상을 나타내었다. 거푸집 분석결과, 구조적 안정성과 내화성을 위해 석영 비짐을 넣었으며, 다수의 유기물이 확인되었다. 본 연구가 향후 청동반가사유상의 전통주조법과 복원기술 연구에 대한 기초 자료로 활용될 것을 기대한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권4호
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• pp.599-604
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• 2014

본 연구는 제주특별자치도 부속 53개 무인도서의 자연환경 특성을 분석하고, 산림자원관리의 우선순위를 판단하기 위하여 상대적인 중요도를 평가하였다. 우선 제주도 무인도서의 자연환경 특성을 분석해 본 결과, 산림동물종수(r = 0.762, p<0.01), 초본종수(r = 0.647, p<0.01), 목본종수(r = 0.585, p<0.01)순으로 산림규모와 높은 상관성이 있는 것으로 분석되었다. 그리고 도서지역 산림규모를 예측하기 위한 회귀모형은 R=0.899, $R^2=0.803$으로 나타났으며, 회귀식에 대한 설명력은 79.7%로 통계적으로 유의하였다. 무인도서의 산림규모별 유형화분석은 산림면적이 약 0.5 ha와 약 12 ha로 두 가지 그룹으로 분류되었다. 두 번째로 DEA를 이용하여 제주도 무인도서별 산림자원관리의 상대적인 중요도를 평가한 결과, DMU14(0.941), DMU36(0.964), DMU44(1.000), DMU45(0.903)등이 생물종다양성이 풍부하여 산림관리를 위한 우선순위가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 그리고 산림이 있는 무인도서의 상대적 중요도는 평균 0.439, 산림이 없는 무인도서는 평균 0.096으로 나타나 산림과 생물종 다양성에는 밀접한 관계가 있는 것으로 분석되었다.

• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제11권6호
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• pp.483-491
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• 2017

본 연구는 일반인을 대상으로 시대성이 반영된 각종 잠재적 위험요소와 원자력(방사선)발전의 위험성 대한 인식을 분석하였다. 설문 대상은 다양한 계층으로 하고 그 중에 총 293부를 분석하였다. 그 결과, 잠재적 위험요소 중에서 화재에 대한 위험도 인식이 높게 나타났으며, 다음으로 방사선 테러와 핵(원자력)에너지의 위험도를 다른 위험요소들에 비해 비교적 높게 인식하였다. 연령별, 학력별, 정치 이념 성향에 따른 분석에서 원자력발전의 필요성과 위험성, 안전성에 대해서 상반된 결과를 나타내었다. 정치이념의 성향에 따른 잠재적 위험요소와 원자력발전에 대한 인식은 보수적 이념집단에서 긍정적인 인식을, 진보적 집단에서는 부정적인 인식을 하고 있는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 정치 이념의 성향에 따라 원자력발전 인식 분석에서 통계적 차이를 보였다. 따라서 원자력(방사선)발전 정책 방향 설정과 방사선 이용 관련 산업에 있어서 전문가 의견과 일반인의 다양한 의견을 반영해서 결정되어져야 할 것으로 판단되고, 일반인도 사실을 바탕으로 객관적이고 과학적인 근거에 입각해 각종 잠재적 위험과 원자력(방사선)에 대해 막연한 불안감을 가지지 말고 유연한 대처를 할 필요가 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.55-69
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• 2008

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to analyze the prehospital care report prepared by EMS squads of 119 center in Gyeonggi area and to identify the status of prehospital care activities, problems and improvement possibilities of the emergency care. Method : Five hundred copies of prehospital care report prepared by EMS squads in thirty-eight 119 centers under 18 fire stations in Gyeonggi area from March to April in 2008 were randomly chosen for the analysis. Data abstracted according to the purpose of the study were input and the analysis of prehospital care activities were performed using SPSS-WIN(ver. 16) statistics package. Results : 1. Total 500 cases of prehospital emergency care activities were reviewed. By sex, females were 219 (43.8%) and males were 281 (56.2%). The places of reporting were home (57.8%). According to the type of emergency, 281 cases (56.2%) were caused by disease and 291 (43.8%) were from other causes such as traffic accidents or incidental injuries. 2 The average time needed for the 119 EMS squad to arrive at the scene after being reported was 7.29 minutes. The time used at the scene for the emergency care was 7.3 minutes in average and the time to arrive at the hospital was 25.4 minutes in average. 3. In patient evaluation, in 68% of the cases more than two vital signs were measured at one time and emergency patients were 31%, and non-emergency patients were 69%. 4. In one EMS activity, average 2.15 cases of emergency care were provided to a patient. The cases where two kinds of emergency care were given were 14.4%, which is the most frequent cases. When reviewing the details of the emergency cares given to the patient including multiple cares, trivial cards (taking it easy and giving comfort) were the most frequent one as 40.6% and the medical direction of the doctor was given in only one case out of 500 cases. 5. In patient evaluation and emergency care, vital signs were provided to emergency patients at significantly higher rate comparing to the non-emergency patients. The number of emergency care performance was significantly higher in emergency cases. In emergency dispatch, the cases that EMT (1st class) was on board was 86.2%. When comparing the cases when the 1st class EMT was on board and otherwise, the cases with the presence of 1st class EMT showed more vital signs were detected but there was no significant difference in the number of emergency cares provided. Conclusion : It seemed that the on-scene emergency care did not satisfy the expectations. So it is necessary to enforce the cooperation between the elements, the qualifications of the 119 EMS squads and to improve the prehospital working environment in order to provide the better medical service at any time.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.189-200
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• 2017

The work breakdown structure and the precedence relations by work activity are very important because they are the basic data for estimating the construction duration in the construction work. However, there is no standard to accurately estimate the construction duration since the size of the school facilities construction is smaller than the general construction work. Therefore, some schools are unable to open in March or September and the delay of the construction duration can cause damage to the students. To solve this problem, this study developed a work breakdown structure of school facilities construction work and analyzed the precedence relations by work activities. The work breakdown structure of the school facilities construction is composed of three steps. The operations corresponding to level 1 and level 2 are as follows. (1) 2 preparatory work categories; preparation period and temporary construction. (2) 17 architectural work categories; temporary construction, foundation & pile work, reinforced concrete work, steel roof work, brick work, plaster work, tile work, stone work, waterproof construction, wood work, interior construction, floor work, metal work, roof work, windows construction, glazing work and paint construction. (3) 7 mechanic and fire work categories; outside trunk line work, plumbing work, air-conditioning equipment work, machine room work, city gas plumbing work, sanitation facilities and inspection & test working. (4) 4 civil work categories; wastewater work, drainage work, pavement work and other work. (5) 1 landscaping work categories; planting work. The work breakdown structure was derived from interviews with experts based on the milestones and detailed statements of existing school facilities. The analysis of precedence relations by school facilities work activity utilized PDM(Precedence Diagramming Method)which does not need a dummy and the relations were applied using FS(Finish to Start), FF(Finish to Finish), SS(Start to Start), SF(Start to Finish). The analysis of this study shows that if one work activity is delayed, the entire construction duration may be delayed because the majority of the works are FS relations. Therefore, it is necessary to use the Lag at the appropriate time to estimate the standard construction duration of the school facility construction. Lag is a term used only in the PDM method and it is used to define the relationship between the predecessor and the successor in creating the network milestone. And it means the delay time applied to the two work activities. The results of this study can reasonably estimate the standard construction duration of school facilities and it will contribute to the quality of the school facilities construction.

• 한국기후변화학회지
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.331-348
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• 2013

기후변화로 인해 우리나라는 이상기후 현상의 빈도와 강도가 증가하고 있으며, 이로 인한 재난재해 피해가 급증하고 있다. 취약성 평가는 환경적, 사회적, 경제적 요인에 취약한 지표를 분석하고, 기후변화로 인한 피해를 방지하고, 적응대책을 수립하기 위해 계속적으로 연구되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 가중치 산정 방법인 회귀분석을 활용한 취약성 평가를 실시하였다. 평가는 전국을 대상으로 홍수에 의한 농경지 침식/침하 취약성, 폭염에 의한 건강 취약성, 가뭄에 의한 산불 취약성 평가를 실시하였다. 이를 위해 각 부문별로 규준 별 지표를 선정한 뒤, GIS 프로그램을 통해 지표를 공간자료 형태로 구축하였다. 그 결과, 폭염에 의한 건강 취약성 평가에서는 기후적인 요인의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났으며, 산불 취약성과 농경지 침식/침하 취약성 평가에서는 인위적인 요인의 영향이 큰 것으로 나타났다. 이후 가중치를 적용하지 않은 취약성 평가와 비교를 통하여 회귀분석의 효율성을 분석하였다. 본 연구는 회귀분석 방법이 현실적으로 기후변화 적응 대책을 수립하는데 효율성이 있다고 제시하며, 향후 취약성 평가에 활용될 가능성이 있을 것으로 기대된다.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.938-941
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• 2009

In spite of abundant clinical resources of stroke patients, the objective and logical data analyses or diagnostic systems were not established in oriental medicine. In the present study we tried to develop the statistical diagnostic tool discriminating the subtypes of oriental medicine diagnostic system, syndrome differentiation (SD). Discriminant analysis was carried out using clinical data collected from 1,478 stroke patients with the same subtypes diagnosed identically by two clinical experts with more than 3 year experiences. Numerical discriminant models were constructed using important 61 symptom and syndrome indices. Diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of 5 SD subtypes: The overall diagnostic accuracy of 5 SD subtypes using 61 indices was 74.22%. According to subtypes, the diagnostic accuracy of "phlegm-dampness" was highest (82.84%), and followed by "qi-deficiency", "fire/heat", "static blood", and "yin-deficiency". On the other hand, the overall prediction rate was 67.12% and that of qi-deficiency was highest (73.75%). Diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of 4 SD subtypes: The overall diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of 4 SD subtypes except "static blood" were 75.06% and 71.63%, respectively. According to subtypes, the diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate was highest in the "phlegm-dampness" (82.84%) and qi-deficiency (81.69%), respectively. The statistical discriminant model of constructed using 4 SD subtypes, and 61 indices can be used in the field of oriental medicine contributing to the objectification of SD.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.138-143
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• 2011

In spite of abundant clinical resources of stroke patients, the objective and logical data analyses or diagnostic systems were not established in oriental medicine. As a part of researches for standardization and objectification of differentiation of syndromes for stroke, in this present study, we tried to develop the statistical diagnostic tool discriminating the 4 subtypes of syndrome differentiation using the essential indices considering the sex. Discriminant analysis was carried out using clinical data collected from 1,448 stroke patients who was identically diagnosed for the syndrome differentiation subtypes diagnosed by two clinical experts with more than 3 year experiences. Empirical discriminant model(V) for different sex was constructed using 61 significant symptoms and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. We comparison. We make comparison a between discriminant model(V) and discriminant model(IV) using 33 significant symptoms and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. Development of statistical diagnostic tool discriminating 4 subtypes by sex : The discriminant model with the 24 significant indices in women and the 19 significant indices in men was developed for discriminating the 4 subtypes of syndrome differentiation including phlegm-dampness, qi-deficiency, yin-deficiency and fire-heat. Diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of syndrome differentiation by sex : The overall diagnostic accuracy and prediction rate of 4 syndrome differentiation subtypes using 24 symptom and sign indices was 74.63%(403/540) and 68.46%(89/130) in women, 19 symptom and sign indices was 72.05%(446/619) and 70.44%(112/159) in men. These results are almost same as those of that the overall diagnostic accuracy(73.68%) and prediction rate(70.59%) are analyzed by the discriminant model(IV) using 33 symptom and sign indices selected by stepwise selection. Considering sex, the statistical discriminant model(V) with significant 24 symptom and sign indices in women and 19 symptom and sign indices in men, instead of 33 indices would be used in the field of oriental medicine contributing to the objectification of syndrome differentiation with parsimony rule.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.33-41
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• 2020

Purpose : Conventional Balance Measurement can only measure the center of gravity and the shaking movement of the body. As a result, it has the disadvantages of not responding to visual changes and blocking functions of variables. This study was carried out to evaluate the performance of new equipment that measures the balance of the body using changes in body segment and pressure using the acceleration sensor to compensate for the disadvantages of the existing equipment. Methods : To this end, balance ability was measured in 43 healthy male/female adults without orthopedic injuries and nervous system damage in the last 6 months. in a situation where the visual information was restricted by Virtual Reality (VR) gear, all subjects measured and evaluated the balance ability utilizing the new equipment. Balance measurement (Prime Medilab, Korea) and Wii fit (Nintendo, Japan) were used to measure the balance ability of the subjects, and the balance ability test was performed in 4 postures using each device for data acquisition. The test duration for each posture was 30 seconds. For data acquisition, the average value of three experiments measured using each equipment was analyzed, and the statistical test was performed using the independent sample and the corresponding sample t-test, and the significance level was set to α=.05. Results : As a result of measuring the balance ability using individual equipment, blocking visual information using VR gear, the average speed, maximum speed, and moving area of the COP increased equally. It was found that the obtained absolute size of the result in Wii was somewhat larger than that of BM. Conclusion : It is considered that in the future research, it is necessary to measure changes in the body's center of gravity through image analysis, etc., to make clear comparison and evaluation of the usability.

• 감성과학
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2017

이 연구는 뉴로 마케팅의 여러 연구 기법들 중 시선추적 기술(Eye-tracking)을 이용하여 농구 경기 장면 중 남성의 동공이 전체 데이터의 3시그마 범위를 벗어난 상위 0.135 % 비율로 동공이 확장 되었을 때의 시선 관찰 및 관심도를 측정하였다. 특히 동공 크기 확장과 관련해서 시선추적 기술의 데이터 중 어느 정도의 범위일 때의 크기가 유의미하다고 밝히기는 힘들기 때문에 이 연구에서는 전체 데이터 중 상위 3시그마 범위를 동공이 확장되어지는 범위로 설정하였다. 실험에 사용된 장면은 농구 경기 중 한 상황으로 설정하였으며, 총 7,200개의 데이터 중 유효율 90 %가 넘는 유효데이터가 산출되었고 이를 통해 34명의 데이터 중 유효데이터에 해당하지 않아 사용할 수 없는 데이터를 제외한 29명의 데이터를 사용하였다. 동공의 크기를 구하기 위해 동공의 너비(Pupil Width)와 높이(Pupil Height) 값을 [동공의 크기 = 동공의 너비/2${\times}$동공의 높이/$2{\times}{\pi}$] 공식에 대입하였다. 분석한 결과 농구경기장 내 마케팅으로 활용되기 위해 사용된 광고판들은 크게 영향력을 끼치지 않았다. 관중으로서의 피험자들의 동공의 크기가 커졌을 때, 경기장내에 광고판 보다는 선수들 혹은 주변 배경에 주시빈도가 높았다. 이 연구를 통하여 무분별하게 광고판을 사용하기보다는 뉴로마케팅을 이용하여 경기장내 마케팅 및 광고판 효용성을 높이는 방안의 필요성이 요구된다.