• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 3th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.864-868
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• 2009

Fire safety management on any construction site should start with recognizing fire risks in the workplace, understanding the extent of the risks, and proper assessment of the controls necessary to reduce the risks. However, the most important step to prevent fire-related accidents on jobsites is the constant review and monitoring of processes and controls by all individuals involved. This study was conducted to analyze the effectiveness of using computer simulation as an addition to maps or floor plans in safety training and management. Simulex was used on a real project to model various egress routes and to identify potential problem areas of the evacuation strategy. This study highlights the efficacy of simulated emergency evacuation as a training tool that visually shows constantly altering means of egress.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.237-246
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• 2024

In recent years, the frequent occurrence of fire accidents in university libraries has posed significant threats to the safety of students' lives and property, alongside negative social impacts. Accurately analyzing the factors affecting evacuation during library fires and proposing optimized measures for safe evacuation is thus crucial. This paper utilizes a specific university library as a case study, simulating fire evacuation scenarios using the Pathfinder software, to assess and validate evacuation strategies and propose relevant optimizations. Pathfinder, developed by Thunderhead Engineering in the United States, is an intuitive and straightforward personnel emergency evacuation assessment system, offering advanced visualization interfaces and 3D animation effects. This study aims to construct evacuation models and perform simulation analysis for the selected university library using Pathfinder. The library's structural layout, people flow characteristics, and the nature of fire and smoke spread are considered in the analysis. Additionally, evacuation scenarios involving different fire outbreak locations and the status of emergency exits are examined. The findings underscore the importance of effective evacuation in fire situations, highlighting how environmental conditions, individual characteristics, and behavioral patterns significantly influence evacuation efficiency. Through these investigations, the study enhances understanding and optimization of evacuation strategies in fire scenarios, thereby improving safety and efficiency. The research not only provides concrete and practical guidelines for building design, management, and emergency response planning in libraries but also offers valuable insights for the design and management of effective evacuation systems in buildings, crucial for ensuring occupant safety and minimizing loss of life in potential hazard situations

• 대한안전경영과학회지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.139-151
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• 2023

This study aims to understand the current status of exemptions for traffic accidents during the return of emergency vehicles and to provide suggestions for improvement. A survey was conducted on 3,500 firefighters to investigate the perception of traffic accidents during the return of emergency vehicles, and responses from 505 participants were analyzed. Based On the demographic characteristics and perception of the participants, frequency analysis and variance analysis were used as research methods to analyze basic statistics and the current situation. The results showed that firefighters have concerns and anxieties about traffic accidents during the return of emergency vehicles, and the need for applying exemptions and enacting explicit legal provisions was statistically confirmed. Based on these results, we suggest a policy for exemptions to improve the preparation for re-deployment and to alleviate the concerns and anxieties of firefighters.

• 보건의료산업학회지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.63-78
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• 2015

Objectives : The aim of this study was to examine how emergency medical technicians(EMT) are affected by job stress, musculoskeletal symptoms(MSSs) and depression. Methods : Data were collected from EMTs at emergency medical institutions and fire stations (n=257). With a questionnaire, the association of job stress and MSSs and depression were examined in this study. Results : When examining job stress by place of work, the level of stress in field situations was significantly higher in EMTs at fire stations than in EMTs at emergency medical institutions. The MSSs of EMTs at emergency medical institutions were significantly higher compared to EMTs at fire stations, For depression, the score was 14.09 out of 60, and MSSs were significantly more common in women. Additionally, the level of job stress for 20-24 and over 35 year olds was significantly higher than that in the other age groups. Job stress had a positive correlation with MSSs and depression of EMTs, and MSSs were associated with depression. Conclusions : To improve the work environment of EMTs, attention should be paid to job stress, MSS, and depression and the presence of positive organizational support should be provided which can prevent negative effects.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.19-33
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• 2015

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to improve the quality of prehospital care provided to infants and toddlers (preschoolers) based on questionnaire findings. Methods: A total of 1,634 running sheets from 119 centers of D city from patients older than 1 month and less than 7 years of age from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013 were reviewed for 119 emergency medical technicians (EMTs) activity analysis. And a self-reported questionnaire about knowledge and competency in prehospital care of preschoolers was completed by 159 EMTs at fire stations in D city. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics for Windows, Version 21.0. Results: Of 1,634 patients, 58.6% were call to 119 due to disease, 33.8% due to injuries and 7.5% due to traffic accident. Knowledge and confidence in treating preschoolers was significantly higher among paramedic EMTs than basic EMTs. The 119 EMTs surveyed indicated that training for preschooler prehospital care was most needed. Conclusion: In order to provide high quality prehospital care for preschoolers transported to emergency rooms, it is necessary to equip ambulances with the proper equipment. In addition, EMTs should be provided educational opportunities and clinical training.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제25권2호
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• pp.23-32
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• 2011

정전이 될 경우 최소한의 방재 및 보안전력으로 비상전원설비가 요구되어지나 국내에서는 비상전원설비에 대한 관련법규가 상이하고 통일된 용어가 없으며 체계적으로 제시된 자료가 없는 실정이다. 따라서 본논문에서는 비상전원설비에 대한 개념 및 용어에 대해 국내 외 규격을 비교 검토하여 차이점을 제시하였다. 또한, 비상전원설비의 관련법규를 검토하여 국내에서 적용하고 있는 비상전원설비의 문제점을 도출한 다음 이러한 문제점을 해결하기 위해 비상전원의 필수부하인 소방부하에 대해 IEC 규격을 부합화한 최소응답시간에 따른 소방부하분류방안과 5가지 비상전원시스템 구축방안을 제시하였다.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.89-106
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• 2020

Purpose: This study attempts to improve the status of emergency care for major trauma patients transferred by 119 paramedics by analyzing the status of emergency care and the obstacles to the spinal motion restriction (SMR) for major trauma patients. Methods: A total of 600 rescue logs were collected from major trauma patients transported by 119 paramedics in the C fire department from Jan. 1, 2015, to Dec. 31, 2017. And then, 280 questionnaires were collected from the 119 paramedics in C fire department from May 3 to Jun. 3, 2019. Data were analyzed using SPSS 24.0 version. Results: Among 499 spinal motion restriction adaptive patients, the spinal motion restriction rate was 51.1% (255 individuals). Lack of human resources and quality control problems were among the obstacles to spinal motion restriction. Conclusion: The 119 paramedics should improve their activeness and skills in performing emergency care, and since training and experience are of crucial importance, they should expand various education systematized according to demand.

• 한국경영공학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2018

Emergency response has been considered as an important task in practice, because it is directly associated with the survival of patients. However, it is very difficult to increase the number of fire stations due to the budget and efficiency problem. Under this circumstances, it is critical to consider the suitability of current arrangement for 911 fire station. This is especially true in Gyeonggi-Do where the characteristics of each sub-area are different. In response, this study aims to identify types of areas that are vulnerable for emergency situations, and try to find relevant solutions for each type. For this purpose, we collected 151,463 data for emergency declaration data which exceeds 10 minutes for its response. Total 19 clustering variables which are used as input variables are selected, considering the characteristics of each area. As a result of clustering analysis, three clusters are identified and analyzed. Finally, areas whose emergence response time is in top 10% are selected and analyzed. This paper is expected to find current issues and problems of emergency response for each area, and help to understand and solve the problem for the local government.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.19-32
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• 2004

This study was conducted to identify an initial fire station experience of EMT students, so to better understand their' practice experience in fire station. The subjects were 28 EMT students of C department of Emergency Medical technology in C city, who were demonstrating at the fire station in C city. This study was approached by phenomenological method, collected data were analyzed by Colaizzi's method, the results were as a follows. From the protocol, 201 significant statements were organized into 93 formulated meanings. From the formulated meanings, 30 themes were identified, organized into 16 theme clusters, and then 7 categories. EMT students got experienced 'tension' in resulting from new training situation and at the field practice, 'comport and gratitude', in feeling of identity and a bond sympathy with senior EMT, in training environment and heartfelt care, 'stress' from lack of knowledge and skill, difficulties in field practice for 24 hours, in dealing with making interpersonal relationship with patient and staffs and from the insufficiency of instruction, 'confidence feeling' from the participation of field treatment, in improving of learning, in self-esteem of EMT job, 'confusing feeling' of conflict of the path in work, 'disappointment and doubt' by the discrepancy between learning and actuality, and disappointment of actuality, 'feeling of lack' based on the passive attitude. The results of this study are to use as basic data for students attending fire station experience for the first time.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.440-449
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• 2019

연구목적 : 소방조직은 재난현장에서 가장 우선적으로 대응하는 기관으로 신속하고 체계적인 대응을 하기 위하여 긴급구조훈련을 실시하고 있다. 하지만 형식적인 훈련, 지역적 특성이나 환경적 특성이 고려되지 않는 훈련 등 긴급구조훈련의 한계점에 대한 변화와 개선의 필요성이 제기되고 있다. 연구방법 : 본 연구에서는 긴급구조훈련과 관련된 이론적 검토를 실시하고 강원지역 소방조직의 의식조사를 통하여 긴급구조훈련 개선방안을 제시하였다. 연구결과 : 긴급구조 활동 시 어려움이 있는 시설은 위험물 저장 및 처리시설이 가장 많았으며 긴급구조 대응업무의 수준은 응급복구가 미흡하다고 응답한 의견이 가장 많았다. 또한 긴급구조훈련의 효과는 도움이 된다고 응답하였지만 시나리오에 의한 훈련, 보여주기식 훈련, 매년 유사한 훈련, 현실감 없는 훈련, 유관기관의 관심 부족 및 형식적 참여 등으로 도움이 되지 않는다고 응답한 부분도 있었다. 그리고 긴급구조훈련 평가의 적절성은 대부분이 만족한다고 응답하였지만 훈련 유형과 상관없는 평가방식, 필요 이상의 훈련 규모를 설정하게 하는 평가방식, 유관기관의 형식적 참여를 유도하는 평가방식 등으로 만족하지 않는다고 응답하였다. 마지막으로 긴급 구조훈련 개선에 대한 요구도는 다양한 피해 상황을 반영한 훈련이 필요하다는 의견이 가장 많았다. 결론 : 긴급구조훈련 개선방안은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 다양한 훈련내용을 설정하고 지역의 주요 발생재난 등을 검토하여 지역적 특성에 맞게 작성해야 한다. 둘째, 소방서별 적절한 훈련계획을 위하여 긴급구조훈련계획 지침 및 매뉴얼 등을 개정하고 실무자를 대상으로 교육하고 이를 위해 긴급구조훈련에 대한 유형부터 전술, 전략까지 실무적으로 활용할 수 있도록 훈련을 정립해야 한다. 셋째, 실제 재난 발생 시 지원기관 및 유관기관의 참여도를 높이기 위하여 훈련계획단계부터 참여를 유도하고 인센티브 혹은 패널티(penalty)를 줄 수 있는 제도 등을 마련해야 한다. 넷째, 동시다발적으로 발생할 수 있는 재난 상황에 대비하여 소방서간, 권역별 훈련으로 기관별 지원태세 확립, 협조체계를 구축해야 한다. 다섯째, 긴급구조훈련 평가는 결과보다 훈련과정에 중점을 둘 수 있도록 하고 재난상황별 보완사항을 도출해내는데 관심을 두고 개선해야 한다. 특히, 세부절차에 수행여부를 평가하기 보다는 훈련의 종류나 형태 등을 고려하여야 하며 훈련 규모 보다는 훈련의 완성도(숙련도), 역할 수행여부 등을 고려할 수 있는 평가방안이 마련되어야 한다. 여섯째, 효율적인 긴급구조훈련을 위하여 실무자의 요구도를 파악하여 훈련 유형 및 방법에 대하여 소방서별 특성에 맞는 훈련으로 개선되어야 한다.