• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.407-422
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• 2001

The linear constitutive relations and the failure criteria of composite materials made of thermoviscoelastic solids are presented. The post-failure material behavior is proposed and the dynamic finite element equations are formulated. However, a nonlinear term is kept in the energy equation because it represents the effect of the second law of thermodynamics. A general purpose nonlinear three-dimensional dynamic finite element program COMPASS is upgraded and employed in this work to investigate the interdependence among stress wave propagation, stress concentration, failure progression and temperature elevation in composite materials. The consequence of truthfully incorporating the second law of thermodynamics is clearly observed: it will always cause temperature rise if there exists a dynamic mechanical process.

• 연구논문집
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• 통권24호
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• pp.81-96
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• 1994

To investigate failure mechanisms observed in carbon-phenolic thermal insulators, differential equations which govern the decomposition process in a deformable anisotropic porous solid are derived for three-dimensional axisymmetric constructions. The governing equations not only couple the material deformation with pore pressure, but also couple pressure and temperature, which means that heat convected by the pyrolysis gases is properly accounted for. Then the Bubnov-Galerkin finite element method is applied to these equations to transform them into a semidescrete finite element system. A thermal insulation liner in the cowl region under typical operating conditions is analyzed to find a mechanism for plylift. The results from the structural analysis show across-ply failure in the cowl zone. The mechanism for plylift is hypothesized as a sequential procedure : 1) the across-ply failure which is the precursor to plylift and 2) the local fiber buckling caused by generation of excessive in-plane compressive stress. To prevent plylift, the across-ply stress can be reduced by using appropriate material ply angles in cowl zone design.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.411-428
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• 2002

Non-linear large-displacement elasto-plastic finite element analyses are used to propose design recommendations for the eaves bracket of a cold-formed steel portal frame. Owing to the thinness of the sheet steel used for the brackets, such a structural design problem is not trivial as the brackets need to be designed against failure through buckling; without availability of the finite element method, expensive laboratory testing would therefore be required. In this paper, the finite element method is firstly used to predict the plastic moment capacity of the eaves bracket. Parametric studies are then used to propose design recommendations for the eaves bracket against two potential buckling modes of failure: (1) buckling of the stiffened free-edge into one-half sine wave, (2) local plate buckling of the exposed triangular bracket area.The results of full-scale laboratory tests on selected geometries of eaves bracket demonstrate that the proposed design recommendations are conservative. The use of the finite element method in this way exploits modern computational techniques for an otherwise difficult structural design problem.

• 한국철도학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.280-285
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• 2008

Gurson model과 shear failure model 두 가지 파괴모델을 이용하여 노치인장시험과 초기 균열을 가지는 파쇄튜브의 압축거동을 유한요소법으로 해석하였다. Shear failure model의 파라미터 값은 노치인장시편의 시험 및 해석을 통하여 결정하였다. 항복강도와 파괴전단변형률 등의 파라미터 값을 정한 후, Gurson model과 shear failure model을 파쇄튜브의 해석에 적용하였다. Gurson model과 shear failure model이 인장시편에 대하여는 비슷한 파괴 거동을 보여주지만 파쇄튜브의 압축력과 균열 성장 속도에서는 다른 결과를 보임을 확인하였다. 즉, shear failure model에서는 Gurson model에 비하여 균열이 전파되기 위해 더 큰 압축력이 요구되었다. 이러한 현상은 shear failure model 이 재질의 손상 과정에 대한 고려를 포함하고 있지 않기 때문인 것으로 생각된다. 어느 모델이 튜브의 해석에 적당한 지를 실험을 통하여 검증할 필요가 있다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.659-676
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• 2010

An energy-based fatigue life prediction framework was previously developed by the authors for prediction of axial and bending fatigue life at various stress ratios. The framework for the prediction of fatigue life via energy analysis was based on a new constitutive law, which states the following: the amount of energy required to fracture a material is constant. In this study, the energy expressions that construct the new constitutive law are integrated into minimum potential energy formulation to develop new finite elements for uniaxial and bending fatigue life prediction. The comparison of finite element method (FEM) results to existing experimental fatigue data, verifies the new finite elements for fatigue life prediction. The final output of this finite element analysis is in the form of number of cycles to failure for each element in ascending or descending order. Therefore, the new finite element framework can provide the number of cycles to failure for each element in structural components. The performance of the fatigue finite elements is demonstrated by the fatigue life predictions from Al6061-T6 aluminum and Ti-6Al-4V. Results are compared with experimental results and analytical predictions.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.279-299
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• 2015

Suction anchors are widely adopted and play an important role in mooring systems. However, how to reliably predict the failure mode and ultimate pullout capacity of the anchor in sand, especially by an easy-to-use theoretical method, is still a great challenge. Existing methods for predicting the inclined pullout capacity of suction anchors in sand are mainly based on experiments or finite element analysis. In the present work, based on a rational mechanical model for suction anchors and the failure mechanism of the anchor in the seabed, an analytical model is developed which can predict the failure mode and ultimate pullout capacity of suction anchors in sand under inclined loading. Detailed parametric analysis is performed to explore the effects of different parameters on the failure mode and ultimate pullout capacity of the anchor. To examine the present model, the results from experiments and finite element analysis are employed to compare with the theoretical predictions, and a general agreement is obtained. An analytical method that can evaluate the optimal position of the attachment point is also proposed in the present study. The present work demonstrates that the failure mode and pullout capacity of suction anchors in sand can be easily and reasonably predicted by the theoretical model, which might be a useful supplement to the experimental and numerical methods in analyzing the behavior of suction anchors.

• 콘크리트학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.291-301
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• 1998

본 논문은 공용년수가 오래되어 노후화된 철근콘크리트 교량의 파괴가지의 거동에 예측하기 위한 비선형 파괴해석 모델링 기법이 개발에 관한 연구이다. 본 논문에서는 비선형파괴해석을 위해철근부식으로 인하여 철근주변 콘크리트의 열화를 고려한 인장경화모델을 제안하였으며 교량의 노후화된 지점조건을 고려할 수 있는 지점 모델링 기법을 제안하였다. 제안된 모델을 사용하여 반복하중을 받는 노후화된 철근콘크리트 T형 교량이 파괴될 때까지의 2차원 및 3차원 파괴해석을 수행하였으며 파괴시험으로부터 분석된 교량의 파괴거동과 비교하였다. 해석결과와 실험결과의 비교로부터 본 논문의 모델링기법이 노후화된 교량의 파괴해석에 유용하게 사용될 수 있으며 노후화된 지점조건의 모델링이 교량의 강도평가에 매우 큰 영향을 주는 것을 규명하였다.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.965-972
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• 2018

In deep braced excavations, struts and walers play an essential role in the whole supporting system. For multi-level strut systems, accidental strut failure is possible. Once a single strut fails, it is possible for the loads carried from the previous failed strut to be transferred to the adjacent struts and therefore cause one or more struts to fail. Consequently, progressive collapse may occur and cause the whole excavation system to fail. One of the reasons for the Nicoll Highway Collapse was attributed to the failure of the struts and walers. Consequently, for the design of braced excavation systems in Singapore, one of the requirements by the building authorities is to perform one-strut failure analyses, in order to ensure that there is no progressive collapse when one strut was damaged due to a construction accident. Therefore, plane strain 2D and three-dimensional (3D) finite element analyses of one-strut failure of the braced excavation system were carried out in this study to investigate the effects of one-strut failure on the adjacent struts.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.193-208
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• 2008

This paper focuses on assessing the failure of one of the transmission towers that collapsed in Winnipeg, Canada, as a result of a microburst event. The study is conducted using a fluid-structure numerical model that was developed in-house. A major challenge in microburst-related problems is that the forces acting on a structure vary with the microburst parameters including the descending jet velocity, the diameter of the event and the relative location between the structure and the jet. The numerical model, which combines wind field data for microbursts together with a non-linear finite element formulation, is capable of predicting the progressive failure of a tower that initiates after one of its member reaches its capacity. The model is employed first to determine the microburst parameters that are likely to initiate failure of a number of critical members of the tower. Progressive failure analysis of the tower is then conducted by applying the loads associated with those critical configurations. The analysis predicts a collapse of the conductors cross-arm under a microburst reference velocity that is almost equal to the corresponding value for normal wind load that was used in the design of the structure. A similarity between the predicted modes of failure and the post event field observations was shown.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.304-312
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• 2007

The objective of this study is to develop a local failure criterion for a wall thinning defect of piping components. For this purpose, a series of tensile tests was performed using several types of simulated specimens with different stress states, including smooth round bar, notched round bar (five different notch radii), and grooved plate (three different groove radii). In addition, finite element (FE) simulations were performed on the simulated specimen tests and the results were compared with the test results. From the comparisons, the equivalent stress and strain corresponding to maximum load and final failure of notched specimens were proposed as failure criteria under tensile load. The criteria were verified by employing them to the estimation of failure of grooved plate specimens that simulate the wall thinning defect. It showed that the proposed criteria accurately estimate the maximum load and final failure of grooved plate specimen tests.