• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.139-146
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• 1994

MDABM and MDAEW, as a accelerating weight loss agents, were prepared by adding water to myristyldimethylbenzylammonium bromide(MDAB) and myristyldimethylethylammonium ethyl sulfate (MDAE) synthesized. As a result of weight loss finishing of the MDABW and MDAEW with NaOH on PET fiber, the ratio of weight loss of MDABW was very larger than that of MDAEW. This result showed that quaternary ammonium bromide had higher weight loss effect than quaternary ammonium sulfate, and the ratio of weight loss was greatly varied with the kind of quaternary ammonium salts used. In these conditions, proper treatment concentration, treatment time, and treatment bath ratio were about 8g/l, $6O{\sim}90min$, and $40:1{\sim}50:1$, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.142-143
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• 2017

An analysis of the current water leak status of understand structure (underground parking lots, staircases, plumbing systems, water reservoirs, etc.) of multi-family housing in South Korea shows that water leaks are found from cracks in all areas of the underground structure caused by the degradation environment (water pressure by underground water, humidity, temperature, earth pressure, soil behaviour and vibration, etc.), which result in various problems, including mold, malodour, debonding of finishing materials, exfoliation, breakout, water leaks in electrical boxes, efflorescence, sedimentation of calcium hydroxide, decoloration, rusting, damages and pollution among others. Therefore, this study aims to analyse the current status of water leaks in underground structure and use the results as the basic data for developing a standard guideline for water leaks and maintenance by parts of the underground structure of multi-family housing.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.3-14
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• 2003

Remodeling for an aged building is emerging as a potential alternative towards the future of the building industry. It is a more effective method than the new construction in environmental friendly view. Most of remodeling were aimed at the improvement of the function of the deteriorated finishing materials. But, at the early stage of remodeling process, energy performance of a building can be improved by adopting passive design solutions such as daylighting and natural ventilation. The purpose of this study is to explain the passive design strategy in remodeling process and to suggest a application of LT method. LT method is an energy-design tool which responds to parameters available early in design development. It provides an output of annual primary energy for lighting, heating, cooling and ventilation in non-domestic buildings. LT method basically uses the concept of passive zone and non-passive zones and should be used to evaluate the energy performance of a number of options and to make comparisons. In this paper, the process of LT method is introduced and investigated an applicability in our office building.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.11 no.6
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• pp.43-51
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• 2011

This study aims to analyze on the change status in the project plan of the housing complex as evaluated through the Housing Performance Grading Indication System. This a a system for assessing quantitatively the comprehensive, unified performance of housing by an objective standard from the design stage since January 9, 2006. As housing is a composite with various performances, it is required necessary to objectively assess the various performances from the design stage for building better housing. Thus, this study analyzed the change status and objectively described objectively it centering on the construction and structure drawings for 12 items posted in the Facility Management System_(FMS) out of examples recognized by 2011 since the implementation of the system. The changes were analyzed though observing each performance item-specific characteristics and confirming the books approved for use. In various parts, such as the site area, landscape plan, plane plan for unit, supplementary welfare facility plan, finishing materials, window size and location, the project plan was changed. These changes may result in a grading change in of the performance items of the system. This study purpose is for it to be used as a basic resource required for future system development by supplementing the limitation of the design phase and then through playing a basic role for the assessment after completion.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.87-94
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• 2014

The objective of this study is to provide a townscape design guideline that harmonized with a historic landscape via condition investigation and landscape analysis of the cultural /commercial environment district where an improvement is a necessity. The followings are the conclusions: 1.To enhance the identity of Gyeongju, should pursue diversity in unity by making the image of architectural landscape a similar peculiarity. 2.The central commercial district where the tradition is valued and contemporary figures meet the tradition needs a landscape formation by CONTEXT. 3.Since a characteristic of the target area is a regional commercial center, to reduce its congestion, reforming the area to simple environment is required. 4.Induce buildings located on the streets with cultural properties to have Korean traditional tiled roof in order to fit in with their surroundings. 5.Make it a rule to partition a wall into tripartition, the wall surface exposed should be the same finishing materials. 6.Consider the visual aspect of pedestrians and a building's width, the recommendable height of the facade should be 3~3.6m. 7.For the design archetype of cornice, four traditional types based on Korean traditional eaves are suggested. 8.The design of signboards should break existing square-shapes, and seek a design to take advantage of icons that historicity and traditionalist of the city are expressed.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.80-90
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• 2008

This study analyzes interior features of indoor community facilities, focused on apartment complexes in capital area selected by 'Award of best living apartment' during $2000{\sim}2007$. First we analyze community facilities' concept, present standards of installment, present condition, then the size of each complex compared with legal standards. Also, we analyze interior features(spacial layout, furniture and furnishings, interior finishing materials, interior color), too. Research methods included both data survey and site visiting inquiry. Data survey method analyzes size of each complex using community facilities' floor plans, and site visiting inquiry analyzes type and feature of community facilities. Survey target was total 11 complexes, 7 in Seoul, 4 in Gyeonggi-do. The result is as follows. 1) It is needed to improve legal standards of installment, and to provide space with flexibility and changeability in order to allow alternation of usage purpose by resident's claim. 2) To determine size of community facilities, we must planned not only by the number of households, but by legal standards of supply according to the number of households, the rate of net area, and the recommended size per person. 3) The area of community facilities in apartment complex that residents use doesn't considered user's convenience. So it us needed to add each facility's recommendation in response to user's needs.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.43-50
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• 2010

The thermal treatment for carbon nanotube was applied to remove the water, metal catalyst and other impurities in carbon nanotube. The surface of carbon nanotube was changed into open structure with acid treatment by mixed solution of $HNO_3$ and $H_2SO_4$. The dispersion property of the functionalized and modified carbon nanotube was assessed with naked eyes by dispersing it in DMF. Carbon nanotube mixd polyurethane film was made to estimate the dispersion property by reflectance of the film with UV-Vis spectrometer. Also the internal structure of carbon nanotube was observed with SEM and TEM and thermal pyrolysis property of the carbon nanotube was measured by TGA and DSC. The surface modification of carbon nanotube by thermal and acid treatments improved the dispersion property of carbon nanotube/polyurethane mixed materials.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.229-238
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• 2010

Poly($\varepsilon$-caprolactone) nano/microcapsules(nmcPCL) containing phytoncide oil were synthesized by emulsion diffusion method using ethyl acetate and poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) as an organic solvent and an emulsion stabilizer respectively. The influence of the degree of saponofication of the PVA and the weight ratio of core to wall materials was investigated to design nanocapsules in terms of particle size, morphology, and emulsion stability. The encapsulated nmcPCL were characterized by FT-IR spectrometry, particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope. Mean size of nanocapsules prepared with PVA with a degree of saponofication of 87% was smaller than those of PVA with a degree of saponofication of 98.5% and the mean particle size of the capsules decreased with increasing core/shell ratio.

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.14-19
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• 2007

Rapid prototyping (RP) technology can fabricate any 3D physical model regardless of geometric complexity using the layered manufacturing (LM) process. Stereolithography (SL) is the best-known example of RP technology. In general, the surface quality of a raw SL-generated part is unsatisfactory for industrial purposes due to the step artefact created by the LM process. Despite of the increased number of applications for SL parts, this side effect limits their uses. In order to improve their surface quality, additional post-machining finishing, such as traditional grinding, is required, but post-machining is time consuming and can reduce the geometric accuracy of a part. Therefore, this study proposes a post-machining technology combining coating and grinding processes to improve the surface quality of SL parts. Paraffin wax and pulp are used as the coating and grinding materials. By grinding the coating wax only up to the boundary of the part, the surface smoothness can be improved without damaging the surface. Finally, moulding and casting experiments were performed to confirm the suitability of the SL parts finished using the proposed process with rapid tooling (RT) techniques.

• Laser Solutions
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.12-16
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• 2009

The engineering ceramic is one of the materials advantageous in various conditions with high strength, endurance at high temperature, abrasion resistance and corrosion resistance, etc. However, due to high strength and high brittleness, ceramic incurs high costs and long time on finishing process required after sintering. So a process for obtaining wanted measurements of them has been studied using the high temperature which makes ceramics softened and heat affected recently. This study makes an estimate of laser-assisted machining (LAM) if an economically practical process for manufacturing precision silicon nitride ceramic parts using laser beam. In this study, mechanical properties of silicon nitride at high temperature were observed. And during the LAM, it was observed that cutting force and tool wear were reduced and oxidation of machined surface was increased according to a increase of laser power.