• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국전기전자재료학회 2007년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.286-286
• /
• 2007

Li이 첨가된 0.7(Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$-0.3MgO 후막 interdigital 커패시터를 연구하였다. Li이 첨가된 0.7(Ba,Sr)$TiO_3$-0.3MgO의 후막을 $Al_2O_3$ 기판 위에 형성하기 위하여 스크린 프린팅 방법을 이용하였다. $BaSrTiO_3$의 세라믹 물질은 높은 유전율(1MHz에서 500이상)과 낮은 유전 손실(1MHz에서 0.01)값을 가지고 있는 반면, $1350^{\circ}C$의 높은 온도에서 소결되는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 $BaSrTiO_3$ 세라믹 물질의 유전특성을 향상시키고 $1350^{\circ}C$의 높은 소결온도를 낮추기 위해서, MgO(30wt%)와 Li(3wt%)을 $BaSrTiO_3$에 첨가하였다. 그리고 10um의 후막을 $Al_2O_3$ 기판 위에 스크린 프린팅 방법을 통해 형성한 후, 50um finger gap의 interdigital 커패시터를 Ag 전극을 이용하여 제작하였다. 샘플을 제작하기 전에, Frequency와 유전율의 상관관계를 알아보기 위해 3D simulator를 통해 시뮬레이션 하였고, 주파수와 온도별 유전 특성, 구조와 전암-전류에 대한 특성을 본 연구의 결과를 통해 토의 할 것이다.

• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• 제26권4호
• /
• pp.225-235
• /
• 2009

Objective : The purpose of this study was to report a case of a treatment with Scolopendrae Corpus Herbal-Acupuncture for one patient suffering from the Cervical Myelopathy. Scolopendrae Corpus Herbal-Acupuncture has been used as a analgesics and antispasmodics in the oriental medicine and reported to have antiinflammatory effect, sedative action and immunity enhancing activity, on one patient suffering from the Cervical Myelopathy. Methods : TThe patient was treated with Scolopendrae Corpus Herbal-Acupuncture, acupuncture, herbal medication. Scolopendrae Corpus Pharmacopuncture was administered two or three times per week and we injected 0.2~1.0 ml of Scolopendrae Corpus Pharmacopuncture to the patient's neck and both arms. The improvement of the symptoms was evaluated by JOA score(Japanese Orthopedic Association score), Nurick grading, VAS(Visual Analog Scale), reflex testing, Finger escape sign, Grip and Release test. Result : After 5 weeks of treatment, the patient's JOA score, Nurick grading and VAS were improved from 12 to 16, from grade III to grade II and from 10 to 3 respectively. The movement and power of upper and lower limbs were restored to nearly normal range.

• 대한치과교정학회지
• /
• 제29권2호
• /
• pp.183-195
• /
• 1999

성장기 환자의 교정치료에서 신체의 성장 발육상태를 파악하는 것은 중요한 의미를 갖는다. 특히 부정교합에 따라 성장 발육시기가 차이를 보인다면 교정치료 시기의 선택에 있어서 이에 대한 고려가 있어야 하므로 부정교합의 양상에 따른 성장 발육상태를 평가하는 것이 필요할 것이다. 이에 본 연구에서는 부정교합 분류에 따라 골성숙도에 차이가 있는지를 조사하기 위해, 8-10세의 여자 I급 부정교합자 38명, II급 부정교합자 36명, III급 부정교합자 33명을 대상으로 약 6개월 간격으로 12-13세까지 누년적으로 촬영한 수완부골 방사선 사진을 이용하여 골성숙도를 평가한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 부정교합에 따른 골성숙도의 차이는 없었다. 2. 유구골의 구상돌기 (hamular process)는 $9.16{\pm}0.72$세, 두상골(pisiform bone)은 $9.13{\pm}0.71$세, 모지척측 종자골(ulnar sesamoid)은 $10.34{\pm}0.84$세에 관찰되었다. 3. 골단이 골간을 둘러싸는 시기는 셋째 수지의 원심부 지절과 중간 지절에서 각각 $10.96{\pm}0.80$세, $11.27{\pm}0.87$세였으며, 첫째 수지의 근심부 지절에서는 $11.12{\pm}0.86$세, 요골에서는 $11.21{\pm}0.82$세, 다섯째 수지의 중간 지절에서는 $11.62{\pm}0.85$세였다. 4. 두상골의 출현은 유구골 구상돌기의 출현과(r=0.91), 모지척측 종자골의 출현은 구상돌기의 진행성 화골시기와 높은 상관관계를 보였으며(r=0.86), 골단이 골간을 둘러싸는 시기는 여러 부위가 상호간에 높은 상관관계를 나타내었다(r=0.80-0.90). 5. 다섯째 수지의 중간 지절의 형태가 가장 변이가 심하였다($20.6\%$).

• 수면정신생리
• /
• 제3권1호
• /
• pp.56-67
• /
• 1996

Objectives : This study was designed to find clinical factors that could be differentiated by the lateralization of lesion and also find clinical factors to predict the lateralization of lesion. Methods : The subjects were 65 cooperative inpatients and outpatients with non-traumatic subcortical cerebrovascular disease without neurologic and psychiatric history from January 1995 to September 1995 ; 48 patients in Kyung Hee University, Oriental Medicine Hospital, 35 patients in Anam Hospital, Korea University were examined as subjects, but authors excluded 20 patients whose data were incomplete or who had uncertain lesions on brain CT or MRI. The 65 patients were divided into three groups-group with left hemispheric lesion, group with right hemispheric lesion, group with both hemispheric lesion-according to the finding of brain imaging study. Their cognitive functions were evaluated by the Benton Neuropsychological Assessment(BNA), their subjective neurobehavioral symptoms by Symptom Check List-90-R(SCL-90-R), their objective neurobehavioral symptoms by Neurobehavioral Rating Scale, and their daily living functions by Geriatric Evaluation by Relative's Rating Instrument(GERRl) and Instrumental Activities of Daily Living Scale(IADLs). Results : The results were as follows : 1) The results of cognitive function test indicated that the group with right hemispheric lesion showed low functions in Tactile Form Perception(left), the group with left hemispheric lesion showed low functions in Finger localization(right), the group with right hemispheric lesion showed low functions in Finger Localization(left). 2) Though, there were little significant differences in subjective neurobehavioral symptoms, the group with right hemispheric lesion showed higher scores in all symptoms except hostility. 3) Though, there were little significant differences in objective neurobehavioral symptoms, the group with both hemispheric lesion showed higher scores in cognition, guilty/disinhibition, the group with left hemispheric lesion showed higher scores in lability of mood, the group with right hemispheric lesion showed highest scores in psychotism, neurotism, agitation-hostility and decreased motivation/emotional withdrawal. 4) There were little significant differences among three groups in Daily Living Functions, but the group with right hemispheric lesion showed the lowest functions in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. 5) As a result of discriminant analysis on each factor's contribution to the prediction of lesion, Finger Localization(left), Phoneme Discrimination and Tactile Form Perception(right) showed that they had the potentiality to predict lesion. Conclusion : The results suggest that there are little significant differences among the groups of three non-traumatic subcortical cerebrovascular disease in cognitive functions, but the group with right hemispheric lesion showed more serious and various changes in subjective and objective neurobehavioral symptoms, and showed low functions in Instrumental Activities of Daily Living. This results suggest the possibility that the decline of the daily living function in the group with right hemispheric lesion were due to various symptoms, not due to cognitive dysfunction. The confirmation of the possibility should be worked out through the follow-up study of some groups containing cortical lesion. Apart from these findings, Finger Localization, Tactile Form Perception(right) and Phoneme Discrimination suggest that they can be used as clinically valuable cognitive parameters that predict the lateralization of lesion in non-traumatic cerebrovascular disease.

• 생명과학회지
• /
• 제25권3호
• /
• pp.293-298
• /
• 2015

근위축은 근육 단백질 합성의 저하와 근육 단백질의 분해 증가에 따른 근섬유의 감소에 의한 근육량이 감소되는 현상이다. 오미자(Schisandrae Fructus, fruits of Schisandra chinensis (Turcz.) Baillon)는 오랫동안 전통의학에서 강장제로서 널리 사용되어 왔다. 비록 다양한 질병 연관 오미자의 생리활성 효능이 폭넓게 연구되어져 왔으나 근육 질환 관련 연구는 매우 제한적으로 이루어져 왔다. 본 연구에서는 오미자 에탄올 추출물(SF)이 AMPK 활성인자 AICAR 처리에 의한 C2C12 근관세포의 근위축 모델계를 이용하여 근위축 억제 효능을 가지는지의 여부와 관련 기전의 해석을 시도하였다. AICAR 처리는 근단백질 분해 연관 ubiquitin ligase muscle RING finger-1 (MuRF-1)의 발현을 전사 수준에서 증가시켰고, MuRF-1 조절 전사인자의 하나인 forkhead box O3a (FoxO3a) 단백질의 인산화를 증가시켰으며, 이러한 변화는 근위축과 연관된 C2C12 근관세포의 형태적 변형과 동반된 현상이었다. 그러나 SF의 전처리에 의하여, AICAR에 의하여 유도된 근위축성 형태변화를 억제하였으며, MuRF-1의 발현과 FoxO3a의 활성화를 억제시켰다. 본 연구의 결과는 SF가 AICAR 처리에 의한 C2C12 근관세포의 근위축을 AMPK 및 FoxO3a 신호전달계 조절을 통하여 억제하였음을 보여주는 것으로 오미자는 근기능 향상을 위한 식의 약 소재로서의 개발 가능성이 매우 높음을 시사하여 준다.

• Archives of Reconstructive Microsurgery
• /
• 제22권2호
• /
• pp.63-68
• /
• 2013

Purpose: In case of the failed replantation, if the patients want to preserve the length of amputated stump, toe transfer is the ideal choice. However, reconstruction of these amputated stump with a free flap can be a useful method when the patients refuse sacrificing their toe. Our purpose of this study is to evaluate availability of functional results and patient satisfaction after this procedure. Materials and Methods: From March 2008 to February 2012, we reconstructed the amputated stump with free flap by patients demand. Eleven patients were included, medial plantar artery perforator flap in seven cases and great toe pulp flap in five cases. Follow-up range 12 to 24 months and we evaluate patient satisfaction by using a visual analogue scale (VAS; 1=unsatisfied, 5=excellent) and functional recovery by measuring the range of motion of remaining joint at 12 months after operation. Results: During follow-up period, all transferred free flaps survived and no major complications were noted. Range of motion of remaining joint appeared satisfactory result ($15^{\circ}$ to $100^{\circ}$). The VAS patient satisfaction score for aesthetic were five in six patients, four in four patients, and three in one patient. Conclusion: In case of the failed digital replantation, if patient refuse toe transfer, it could be useful method to reconstruction with the free flap to preserving maximal length of amputated stump.

• 대한물리의학회지
• /
• 제5권4호
• /
• pp.685-692
• /
• 2010

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate effects of repetitive hand task on upper extremity proprioception and dexterity. Methods : Experimental group who had done hand task since last 1 year and young adult control group was recruited this study. Proprioception was measured positioning errors of elbow and wrist on three dimensional coordinate system by Winarm software(Zebris Medcal GmbH, Germany). And dexterity was measured by box and block test. Statistical analysis was used independent t -test. Results : When elbow moved from flexion to extension, there were significant difference on error of x axis in wrist location and erros of x, z axis in shoulder location(p<.05). When wrist moved from flexion to extension, there was significant difference on y axis in finger location error(p<.05). And there significant difference on dexterity(p<.05). Conclusion : In conclusion, repetitive hand task increase upper extremity proprioception and dexterity. The physical therapy in industrial workers should inhibit overuse injury.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.132-138
• /
• 2007

MR(magnetic resonance) image of moving organ such as heart shows serious distortion of MR image due to motion itself. To eliminate motion artifacts, MRI(magnetic resonance imaging) scan sequences requires a trigger pulse like ECG(electro-cardiography) R-wave. ECG-gating using cardiac cycle synchronizes the MRI sequence acquisition to the R-wave in order to eliminate image motion artifacts. In this paper, we designed ECG/PPG(photo-plethysmography) gating system which is for eliminating motion artifacts due to moving organ. This system uses nonmagnetic carbon electrodes, lead wire and shield case for minimizing RF(radio-frequency) pulse and gradient effect. Also, we developed a ECG circuit for preventing saturation by magnetic field and a finger plethysmography sensor using optic fiber. And then, gating pulse is generated by adaptive filtering based on NLMS(normalized least mean square) algorithm. To evaluate the developed system, we measured and compared MR imaging of heart and neck with and without ECG/PPG gating system. As a result, we could get a clean image to be used in clinically. In conclusion, the designed ECG/PPG gating system could be useful method when we get MR imaging of moving organ like a heart.

• Molecules and Cells
• /
• 제21권3호
• /
• pp.330-336
• /
• 2006

Since its identification in 1989, hepatitis C virus has been the subject of extensive research. The biology of the virus and the development of antiviral drugs are closely related. The RNA polymerase activity of nonstructural protein 5B was first demonstrated in 1996. NS5B is believed to localize to the perinuclear region, forming a replicase complex with other viral proteins. It has a typical polymerase structure with thumb, palm, and finger domains encircling the active site. A de novo replication initiation mechanism has been suggested. To date, many small molecule inhibitors are known including nucleoside analogues, non-nucleoside analogues, and pyrophosphate mimics. NS5B interacts with other viral proteins such as core, NS3, 4A, 4B, and 5A. The helicase activity of NS3 seems necessary for RNA strand unwinding during replication, with other nonstructural proteins performing modulatory roles. Cellular proteins interacting with NS5B include VAMP-associated proteins, heIF4AII, hPLIC1, nucleolin, PRK2, ${\alpha}$-actinin, and p68 helicase. The interactions of NS5B with these proteins might play roles in cellular trafficking, signal transduction, and RNA polymerization, as well as the regulation of replication/translation processes.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.83-91
• /
• 2024

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 alpha (HIF-1α) is a transcription factor activated under hypoxic conditions, and it plays a crucial role in cellular stress regulation. While HIF-1α activity is essential in normal tissues, its presence in the tumor microenvironment represents a significant risk factor as it can induce angiogenesis and confer resistance to anti-cancer drugs, thereby contributing to poor prognoses. Typically, HIF-1α undergoes rapid degradation in normoxic conditions via oxygen-dependent degradation mechanisms. However, certain cancer cells can express HIF-1α even under normoxia. In this study, we observed an inclination toward increased normoxic HIF-1α expression in cancer cell lines exhibiting increased HDAC6 expression, which prompted the hypothesis that HDAC6 may modulate HIF-1α stability in normoxic conditions. To prove this hypothesis, several cancer cells with relatively higher HIF-1α levels under normoxic conditions were treated with ACY-241, a selective HDAC6 inhibitor, and small interfering RNAs for HDAC6 knockdown. Our data revealed a significant reduction in HIF-1α expression upon HDAC6 inhibition. Moreover, the downregulation of HIF-1α under normoxic conditions decreased zinc finger E-box-binding homeobox 1 expression and increased E-cadherin levels in lung cancer H1975 cells, consequently suppressing cell invasion and migration. ACY-241 treatment also demonstrated an inhibitory effect on cell invasion and migration by reducing HIF-1α level. This study confirms that HDAC6 knockdown and ACY-241 treatment effectively decrease HIF-1α expression under normoxia, thereby suppressing the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These findings highlight the potential of selective HDAC6 inhibition as an innovative therapeutic strategy for lung cancer.