• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
• /
• 제22권E1호
• /
• pp.45-48
• /
• 2006

Mass size distributions of atmospheric particles in Cheonan were determined using a high volume air sampler equipped with a 5-stage cascade impactor. Bimodal distributions that are typical for urban atmospheric particles were obtained. A MMD of the fine particle mode was $0.47{\pm}0.05{\mu}m$ with a GSD of $2.72{\pm}0.21$, and those of the coarse particles were $5.15{\pm}0.18{\mu}m\;and\;2.09{\pm}0.09$, respectively. The annual average concentrations of TSP, PM10, PM2.5, and PM1 were 74.1, 67.5, 54.2, and $42.3{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively. Although the daily PM10 concentrations were under the current National Standard, the daily PM2.5 concentrations frequently exceeded the US Standard even in non asian dust periods. The fractions of PM 10, PM2.5, and PM1 in TSP were $0.905{\pm}0.013,\;0.723{\pm}0.022,\;and\;0.572{\pm}0.029$, respectively, and fine mode particles occupied $57{\sim}72%$ of the total particle mass. The results indicate that fine particles were at the concerning level, and should be the target pollutant for the regional air quality strategy in Cheonan.

• 한국환경보건학회지
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.137-147
• /
• 2008

This study evaluated the effects of the human activity and outdoor air on concentrations of size-selective particulate matters (PM) by conducting a realtime measurement in classrooms and on roofs at 4 elementary schools, 3 middle schools and 3 high schools in Incheon City. PM concentrations featured repetitive pattern of increasing during break time (including lunch hours) and cleaning time while decreasing during class hours. This trend was more prominent with inhalable PM and PM10 than fine PMs (PM2.5, PM1.0). The indoor/outdoor (I/O) ratio of inhalable PM and PM10 exceeded 1 while that of fine PMs was close to or below 1. The PM2.5 (out)/PM10 (out) ratio stood at 0.59 (${\pm}0.16$) and the PM2.5 (in)/PM10 (in) ratio was 0.29 (${\pm}0.09$), suggesting that occupant activity had a greater effect upon coarse particles (PM10-PM2.5) than upon fine particles (PM2.5, PM1.0). The correlations between the indoor and the outdoor PM concentrations showed a stronger positive correlation for fine particles than that of coarse particles. The linear regression analysis of PM concentrations indoor and outdoor indicated a higher determinant coefficient ($r^2>0.9$), and consistency for fine particles than in case of coarse particles. In conclusion, the results of this study suggest that the indoor coarse particle concentration is more attributed to occupant activity and the indoor fine particle concentration is more influenced by outdoor air pollution.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제23권1호
• /
• pp.132-140
• /
• 2007

Concentrations of atmospheric fine particles in Chungnam were measured at 7 sampling sites during 2005. The daily average concentrations of PM 10, PM2.5, and PM1 ranged from 14.9 to $136.5{\mu}g/m^3$, 8.2 to $113.2{\mu}g/m^3$, and 5.7 to $107.5{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively, and the highest levels were observed at Yeongi site. The lowest concentrations for the all size fractions of particulate were observed at Taean located at the west end of the peninsula. The daily average PM10 concentrations were below the current National Standard at all sites, while the daily average PM2.5 concentrations frequently exceeded the US Standard at Cheonan, Dangjin, Boryeong, and Yeongi sites. The frequencies of PM2.5 concentrations exceeding the US standard at Cheonan, Dangjin, Boryeong, and Yeongi were 10.8%, 6.7%, 6.7%, and 26.7%, respectively. In addition, $68{\sim}80%$ of PM10 was in the PM2.5 fraction indicating that fine particles were the major component of atmospheric particles in Chungnam.

• 한국대기환경학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국대기환경학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집
• /
• pp.358-359
• /
• 2002

Particulate matter smaller than $10{\mu}textrm{m}$ in aerodynamic diameter (PM10) is known as thoracic particles that are capable of reaching the thoracic region of humans. PM10 is further divided into two size ranges, which are fine particles (nuclei mode plus accumulation mode) and coarse particles, based on different sources and chemical composition. Fine particles can penetrate deep into the alveolar region of the human lungs, while coarse particles be deposited in the upper respiratory system. (omitted)

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.1349-1353
• /
• 2008

충청남도, 천안시 대기 에어로졸의 입경별 농도 및 이온성분 특성을 분석하고자, 2006년 3월부터 2007년 4월까지 천안시 상명대학교에서 Cascade Impactor를 장착한 High Volume Air Sampler를 이용하여 대기 시료를 채취 분석하였다. 입경별 에어로졸의 일평균농도는 TSP, PM10, PM2.5, PM1이 각각 61.7, 55.2, 43.7, $33.2{\mu}g/m^3$였으며, 직경이 $1{\sim}3{\mu}m$인 영역을 경계로 조대영역과 미세영역으로 나누어지는 전형적인 도심지 특성을 나타냈다. 이 중 미세영역입자인 PM2.5이 전체 에어로졸의 70.8%를 차지하였다. 이들 에어로졸 입자의 성분 분석 결과 양이온은 ${NH_{4}}^+$, $Na^+$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$이, 음이온은 ${SO_{4}}^{2-}$, ${NO_{3}}^-$, $Cl^-$가 주요 성분이었으며, 이들 수용성 이온이 차지하는 비율은 조대입자에서 37.4%, 미세입자에서 46.2%였다.

• 한국대기환경학회지
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.367-375
• /
• 2008

To characterize atmospheric particles in Cheonan area, 5 monitoring sites representing highway area, commercial area, residential area, and industrial areas were selected, and the mass concentrations of PM10 and PM2.5 were monitored for 14 days at each site during 2007. The daily average PM10 and PM2.5 concentrations were in the range from 18.5 to $140.9{\mu}g/m^3$ and 8.2 to $116.6{\mu}g/m^3$, respectively, showing the highest mean concentrations at the commercial area site and the lowest concentration at the residential area site. The daily average PM 10 concentrations at Shinan (Commercial area) and Bakseok (Industrial area) sites were exceeded the current National Standard for 1 and 2 days during the monitoring periods. The fractions of PM2.5 in PM10 were above 70% for all sites, indicating fine particles are the major constituent of atmospheric particles in Cheonan. The results indicate that PM10 concentrations in Cheonan are at the concerning level, and the control strategy for fine particles is necessary to address this issue.

• 한국가시화정보학회지
• /
• 제22권1호
• /
• pp.34-39
• /
• 2024

With the fine particulate matter (PM) poses a serious threat to public health and the environment. The ultrafine PM in particular can cause serious problems. This study investigates the effectiveness of a submicron dry fog system in removing fine PM. Two methods are used to create fine dust particles: burning incense and utilizing an aerosol generator. Results indicate that the dry fog system effectively removes fine dust particles, with a removal efficiency of up to 81.9% for PM₁₀ and 61.9% for PM_2.5 after 30 minutes of operation. The dry fog, characterized by a mean size of approximately 1.5 ㎛, exhibits superior performance in comparison to traditional water spraying methods, attributed to reduced water consumption and increased contact probability between water droplets and dust particles. Furthermore, experiments with uniform-sized particles which sizes are 1 ㎛ and 2 ㎛ demonstrate the system's capability in removing ultrafine PM. The proposed submicron dry fog system shows promise for mitigating fine dust pollution in various industrial settings, offering advantages such as energy consumption and enhanced safety for workers and equipment.

• 환경위생공학
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.24-35
• /
• 2003

Recent epidemiologic studies revealed that the concentration of air pollutants and fine particulated matter have some effects on health status and are associated with increased mortality and morbidity. The purpose of this study was to characterize background mass concentration of fine particle (PM2.5) and metallic composition from September 2001 to August 2002 in comparison with a medium city, Asan and metropolitan city, Seoul. Conclusively, proper management for fine particles was required in a medium city, Asan, considering the concentrations of metallic elements in fine particles in Asan were relatively higher than those in Seoul. The results were as followed. 1. Average mass concentrations of fine particles in Asan and Seoul were 37.70(${\pm}18.41{\;}{\mu}g/\textrm{m}^3$) and 5.83(${\pm}38.50$) ${\mu}g/\textrm{m}^3$, respectively. When the weather conditions were classified as normal and yellow-sand, measured average mass concentrations of fine particles in yellow-sand weather condition was significantly higher than those of normal weather condition in both cities (p<0.05). 2. Depending on seasons, measured average mass concentrations of fine particles in Asan and Seoul in spring were 47.76(${\pm}19.07$) ${\mu}g/\textrm{m}^3$m and 61.53 (${\pm}4.37$) ${\mu}g/\textrm{m}^3$, respectively. In summer, the average mass concentrations of fine particles in Asan and Seoul were 29.44(${\pm}9.85$) ${\mu}g/\textrm{m}^3$ and 25.42(${\pm}8.10$) ${\mu}g/\textrm{m}^3$, respectively. Especially, the concentration was the highest in spring and the lowest in summer among four seasons. 3. Average concentrations of manganese(Mn), iron(Fe), chromium(Cr), cadmium(Cd), lead(Pb) and silicon(Si) in fine particles in Asan were significantly higher in Seoul (p<0.05). Average concentration of Si in fine particle in Asan was statistically higher than that of Seoul during yellow -sand condition (p<0.05). 4. Considering the characterization of four seasons, average Pb concentration of fine particle in Asan is significantly higher than that of Seoul in spring(p<0.01). In summer, average Mn and Cr concentrations of fine particle in Asan is higher than those of Seoul (p<0.05). Average Mn, Fe. Cr and Si concentrations in fall (p<0.05), and average Mn, Fe, Cr, Pb, and Si concentrations in winter (p<0.05) in Asan were higher than those of Seoul, respectively. 5. Mass concentrations of each Mn, Fe, Cd and Si in fine particles were significantly correlated with both cities. In normal weather condition, Mn, Cu and Si concentrations are statistically significant in Asan, while Mn, Fe, Cu and Si concentrations are statistically significant in Seoul. Mn, Fe and Si concentrations in both cities were statistically significant during yellow-sand weather.

• 대한화학회지
• /
• 제58권3호
• /
• pp.267-276
• /
• 2014

국내 배경지역인 제주도 한라산 1100 고지에서 2012년 가을철에 $PM_{10}$, $PM_{2.5}$ 미세먼지를 채취하여 이온 및 원소 성분을 분석한 결과로부터 대기경계층(ABL) 미세먼지의 화학조성과 입자크기별 분포 특성을 조사하였다. $PM_{2.5}$ 미세입자($d_p$ < $2.5{\mu}m$)에서는 2차 오염물질인 nss-$SO{_4}^{2-}$, $NH_4{^+}$, $NO_3{^-}$ 농도가 각각 4.84, 1.98, $1.27{\mu}g/m^3$로 상대적으로 높고, 전체 질량의 58.2%를 차지하였다. 반면에 $PM_{10-2.5}$ 조대입자($2.5{\mu}m$ < $d_p$ < $10{\mu}m$)에서는 이들 세 성분의 농도가 각각 0.63, 0.21, $1.10{\mu}g/m^3$로 전체 질량의 22.8%를 차지하였다. 또 수용성 이온성분들 중 $NH_4{^+}$, nss-$SO{_4}^{2-}$, $K^+$, $CH_3COO^-$은 주로 미세입자에 분포하고, $NO_3{^-}$은 미세입자와 조대입자에 고르게 분포하나, $Na^+$, $Cl^-$, $Mg^{2+}$, nss-$Ca^{2+}$은 조대입자에 더 많이 분포하는 특징을 나타내었다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.57-83
• /
• 2017

미세먼지는 발생원이 매우 다양하며 발생 메카니즘이 복잡하여 아직 일본에서도 자동차 등 이동배출원을 제외하고는 미세먼지 발생량에대한 정확한 인벤토리의 정비가 이루어지지 못하고 있어서 효과적인 대책이 매우 어려운 상황이다. 따라서 정부기관과 연구자들이 국민건강 관리를 위한 매뉴얼 작성과 함께 국가적인 인벤토리 정비를 위한 노력을 기울이고 있다. 미세먼지 대책을 보다 어렵게하는 것은 중국 등 국외로부터 날아오는 미세먼지 문제이다. 일본은 과거 고도성장기에 격심 했던 대기오염문제를 지방자치단체들이 지역특성에 맞는 고유의 정책설계 등으로 효과적으로 대응했던 경험이 있어서 이러한 경험을 중국의 자치 단체에 전수해 주는 중일 도시간 미세먼지 방지에관한 협력사업을 전개하고 있다. 기업들은 이와 관련한 설비기자재와 기술을 중국에 판매하는 등 비지니스 기회를 얻고 있다. 한중일을 중심으로 한 동아시아 지역은 환경 및 에너지 측면에서 공동체적인 운명 하에 있다. 한중일 3국이 대기환경 및 기후변화문제 해결을 위한 법적효력이 있는 기구를 창설하여 정부간 정책협력과 도시간 및 기업간 교류가 크게 진전될 경우 미세먼지 문제 해결뿐만 아니라 향후 이 지역의 평화와 지역통합에도 기여할 것으로 본다.