• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.85-100
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• 2023

Corporate ESG performance (environmental, social, and corporate governance) reflecting a company's strategic sustainability has emerged as one of the main factors in today's investment decisions. The traditional ESG performance rating process is largely performed in a qualitative and subjective manner based on the institution-specific criteria, entailing limitations in reliability, predictability, and timeliness when making investment decisions. This study attempted to predict the corporate ESG rating through automated machine learning based on quantitative and disclosed corporate financial information. Using 12 types (21,360 cases) of market-disclosed financial information and 1,780 ESG measures available through the Korea Institute of Corporate Governance and Sustainability during 2019 to 2021, we suggested a deep neural network prediction model. Our model yielded about 86% of accurate classification performance in predicting ESG rating, showing better performance than other comparative models. This study contributed the literature in a way that the model achieved relatively accurate ESG rating predictions through an automated process using quantitative and publicly available corporate financial information. In terms of practical implications, the general investors can benefit from the prediction accuracy and time efficiency of our proposed model with nominal cost. In addition, this study can be expanded by accumulating more Korean and international data and by developing a more robust and complex model in the future.

• Korean Journal of Culture and Social Issue
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.295-332
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• 2017

The main purpose of this research is to analyze stress, social support and coping behavior of adults based on their level of self-efficacy. A total of 899 adults (399 male; 500 female), each with a child attending either elementary and secondary school, participated in the study. The inter-rater reliability for the open-ended questionnaire utilized in the study was 93.4%, with a Kappa coefficient of .92. The range of Cronbach α for the variables measured through a quantitative method was .87~.92. The results were as follows: First, the representative responses to the question about their most painful stress experiences were, financial difficulties, child rearing and duties of workplace. The Lower Efficacy group, compared to the Upper Efficacy group, responded much more with financial difficulties related responses. There were significant differences in the level of stress symptoms according to level of self-efficacy. The Lower Efficacy group expressed stronger levels of stress symptoms when compared to the Upper Efficacy group. Second, in terms of social support, the participants responded that they received the most help from their family members, followed by none(self), and friends. When comparing the two efficacy groups, the Upper Efficacy group responded most frequently that they received social support from their family members, whereas the Lower Efficacy group indicated none. There were significant differences in the level of relational conflicts according to the level of self-efficacy. The Upper Efficacy group showed much less conflict in parent-child relations, spousal relations and relations with their boss, compared to the Lower Efficacy group. Third, for the type of social support participants received, the most frequent response was emotional support, followed by none, and advice. Relatively, when comparing the two groups with each other, the Lower Efficacy group responded more frequently with none, whereas for the Upper Efficacy group responded more frequently with advice. There were significant differences in the amount of emotional support received according to level of self-efficacy. The Upper Efficacy group received much more emotional support from their spouses and their bosses compared to the Lower Efficacy group. Fourth, the most frequently adopted coping style to stress was self-regulation, followed by direct problem solving, and nothing(none). The most frequent response for the Upper Efficacy group was direct problem solving, whereas for the Lower Efficacy group was nothing(none). There was a significant difference in coping efficiency to stress according to level of self-efficacy. The Upper Efficacy group coped more efficiently with stress than the Lower Efficacy group.

• (The)Korea Educational Review
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.155-179
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• 2008

The objective of this study was to analyze the satisfaction of graduate students participating in the Brain Korea21 (BK21) project in five supporting areas of the project: curriculum, job searching and career development, academic development, the globalization of education, and educational environment. A further objective was to find efficient methods of providing students with stable academic and financial support for their research in order to develop them as distinguished researchers. In order to answer research questions, this study conducted a survey of the BK21 project satisfaction with students majoring in humanities or social sciences and analyzed the survey results. The tool has 7 dimensions: 'curriculum', 'job searching and career development', 'stable support for academic development', 'support for academic activities out of school', 'globalization of education', 'lectures in English', and 'educational environment'. The survey found that survey participants were in general satisfied with the BK21 project. Of these 7 dimensions, the results showed remarkably high satisfaction dimensions for 'stable support for academic development' and 'support for academic activities out of school' while indicating a comparatively low satisfaction for 'job searching and career development'. The result and analysis of this study suggests that the BK21 project needs to emphasize the following: PR for the project, provide opportunities for the training for career development and job information to students, modify the areas of academic support, remodel programs of short- and long-term studies in foreign countries, improve the educational service system for lectures in English, and secure research facilities.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.91-109
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• 2007

This study investigates the extent to which the implementation of enterprise resource planning(ERP) systems enhance the corporate performance by examining financial variables of the implemented firms against those of the control fm. A total of 346 observations were obtained from 160 firms, 80 implemented firms and 80 control firms, for the period of 1998-2002. Results from the study partly support the assertion that ERP improves the full spectrum of business functions such as selling, marketing, purchasing, warehousing, accounting and human resources by tightly integrating enterprise-wise information databases. First the profitability of the implemented group was different from that of the control group. The indicator (dummy) variable was able to explain the differences in total cash flows between the implemented group fm and the control group firms. Second, ERP turned out In improve the efficiency in managing assets. The indicator variable has the power in explaining the differences in the amount of accounts receivables between the implemented group firms and the control group firms. Third, the product turnover ratio of the implemented group was different from that of the control group. Fourth, the average value added per employee and the net income per employee of the implemented group firms were greats- than those of the control group firms. Finally, the average magnitude of the administrative expenses of the implemented group firms was smaller than that of the control group firms.

• Journal of Labour Economics
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.89-112
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• 2014

This paper characterizes an optimal combination of grant and income-contingent loans (ICL) from efficiency and equity points of view as a government subsidy program for higher-education. In particular, we show that it is always desirable to introduce ICL for students regardless of their household incomes, and also provide arguments for the superiority of tax-financing system to loans with risk-premium as a financing mechanism of ICL. From policy point of view, this paper suggests a need for the extended coverage of our ICL system, while justifying its current tax-financing system.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.93-116
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• 1993

This study surveys 212 accounting information systems (AIS) of 85 manufacturing firms by using the research model based on the management process of AIS to figure out the current status and problems of the computing environment and AIS of Korean firms. The analysis of the current status leads to the suggestions to promote the utilization and efficiency of AIS. The level of experiences and education of information system (IS) personnel turns out to be still low. More education is needed to upgrade the IS personnel. AIS users lack in the computer knowledge. The users need more computer education. The analysis on the computerization and information characteristics of the AIS subsystems shows that the computerization is well established in the financial accounting area. On the other hand, the computerization for managerial accounting areas is in its early stage. The managerial accounting systems need be developed to support the managerial decision making effectively. The majority of firms develop the AIS by their own IS teams. When firms use the consulting services in developing AIS, they prefer accounting firms. The majority of firms fail to evaluate the AIS because the evaluation tools are not available. Most firms do not perform the auditing for AIS. It is needed to develop the tool and techniques for evalauation and auditing AIS.

• Journal of The Korean Digital Architecture Interior Association
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• v.6 no.1
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• pp.33-39
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• 2006

Along with the increasing number of disabled people, number of handicapped people who spends most of their time indoors increase. Their disabilities constrain them in social activities and bind them to indoors. But living environment built for normal people are many cases inevitably inconvenient for disabled people. People realizes that housing renovation is necessary, however problems such as financial difficulties must be solved in advance. House renovations, to create comfortable and independent living conditions for disabled people, various thesis and documents were analyzed, along with survey through questionnaire. Results are as following. (1) House renovation is necessary, due to the increasing number of disabled people and inconvenience of former house form. (2) Integrated or specialized house renovation manual is required to satisfy the different need derived from extent and type of disabilities. (3) Central and local government's policy for continued support is necessary. (4) House renovation plan for homeless disabled people is necessary. (5) Separate research on the size of space, type of space, efficiency is necessary. (6) Separate house renovation plan considering the people who lives with disabled people is required. (7) Disabilities are not personal but societal problem. This paper is to uncover all the problems in the house renovation for disabled people. It will be used to develop house renovation manual in the future. Therefore, this paper does not deal with the actual house renovation plans.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

Recently, the central and local government support various improvement projects on existing public buildings and areas. Improving public use and environment of these areas is adequate because financial condition of local city is not enough to build new infrastructures. As one of the projects, Geochang-Eup(Geochang-Gun, Gyeongnam Province) is selected as the project site since most of the public buildings and areas of the city are located close each other in downtown but not streamlined in function and use nor easily accessible. The purpose of this study is to analyze the causes of decline in local city and to present strategies to vitalize the city through improving environment of public areas. And we analyzed the problems by discussion with local officer, field investigation on the site and paper survey. The analysis shows that public infrastructures are grouped by function: administration, education, life support, culture, health, etc, but not well-connected, easily accessible, adequately located, various in use nor enough in quantity. This study summarized the problems into five categories: Access&Linkage, Safe&Comfort, Identity&Image, Usage&Activity and Ownership&Management and proposes strategy in three phases. The first phase is to improve functions and design of public places per each area: more consistent design on public buildings, better civil facilities and better accessibility to public areas. The second is to vitalize of the areas and to improve efficiency in use through linking each other physically and sharing uses. The third is to encourage citizen's participation and by developing civil programs to streamline public areas each other.

• Industry Promotion Research
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.59-69
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• 2020

Recognizing the importance of early childhood education, the government is preparing measures at the national level, including expanding the scope of free education for infants, linking early childhood education to elementary schools, unifying the system in charge of early childhood education, printing the cost of operating a full-time system for double-income couples, and policies for low-income infants. In Korea's childcare policy, the need for childcare has increased due to the increase of free double-income couples, the increase of nuclear families, and the increase of divorce rates. Despite the overall increase in the child care budget, Korea's child care policy shows many problems in its efficiency due to the burden of childcare facilities and childcare fees for caregivers. After looking into the theoretical contents of the free childcare policy and the corresponding child care support policy, we would like to consider ways to improve the free childcare policy.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.55-65
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• 2002

The most representative fruit in Yanbian area is Applepear(Ping Guo Li). It has been a important resource of farm income. According to the economic growth and income Increase of individual consumers, food consumption pattern will be changed from grain to high value cash crops such as Applepear and vegetables. The globalization and adapt ion of free market oriented economic policy of China government have led to change the collective farming system to individual farm management system. The institutional transformation have brought about high productivity of farm products and incomes of farmers. Therefore the plantation area of Applepear and requirement of investment cost for establishment of Applepear farms have increased rapidly since the 1980's, the time of perestroika and glasnost in Chinese economy. In prosperity of Chinese agriculture, individual farmer's decision making as free selection of farmland use, selection of high pay-off crops, free sale of the products in free market and credit support for the project might be the most important factors. In case of Applepear farm development, net present value of the project net benefit was estimated at 55.518won per hectare and financial rate of return was 21%. The benefit/cost ratio of the project was 2.11. Considering 10% of discounting rate or the opportunity cost of capital in China the Applepear farm development project showed us economically feasible in the light of the above efficiency indices. The Chinese government has to support Applepear farm development project financially and institutionally considering the high-payoff benefit of the fruit and farmer's in come increase in the future.