• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.38-46
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• 1999

The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of urbanization, the degree of development in urban scale and the comparative analysis of landuse change in order to construct the important basic data for establishing development direction and characterizing each city. To analyze the urban growth patterns a land cover classification using Landsat TM data was performed : 1987 and 1997 for the change detection of each land cover. The results of this study demonstrates that urban areas increased on while forest areas had decreased all over the Korean cities. Especially, in case of the analysis on landuse conversion rate, we found out that the forest areas was first changed into agricultural areas, then it is consequently developed into urban areas in most rural areas. This study concludes that the insufficiency of the number of knowledged officials in the local administration and a government official in one's charge, tight financial conditions and absence of recognition of cities' characteristics, urban development following unrefined development patterns, inappropriate urban planning and policy of metropolitan cities and the negligence of peculiar development patterns of each city.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.29-43
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• 2009

The advancement of emerging technologies can create more national value, and this motivates many nations to invest their resources in the emerging technologies. However, due to limited financial and human resources, even a wealthy nation cannot afford to randomly invest its resource in all profitable technologies. Therefore, cautious appraisal and prioritization of the competitive technologies should be conducted first, and then concentrated investment should be done for only the selected technologies. In this study, we propose a quantitative criterion for prioritizing the targeted electronic device technologies. The prioritization scheme devised in this study consists of a growth layer, a profitability layer, a vitality layer, and an influence layer. The proposed model forecasts the most promising technologies by applying the revised version of the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP). We performed empirical experiments on 12 emerging electronic device technologies to analyze the practical applicability of our study. The experimental data was obtained from 70 experts in high-tech industry as a part of the 2004 Prioritization and Selection project that was carried out in South Korea. As a result, the proposed scheme was able to present the most promising areas for investment in the field of electronic device technology.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.451-456
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• 2007

Organizational abilities which assure human resource of excellent quality in enterprise and organization, manages human resource effectively and systematically will be depended on the performance and successful or not of enterprise. The organization which readies to accept changes will survive, the organization makes full use of changes to opportunity and strategy will be a winner. Now when the environment of enterprise is uncertain and environment of management changes, organization should manage HRM in strategic point of view to maintain persistent competition superiority. We investigated how outsourcing affected on organizational performance perception according to inducting BSC from the employees of metro. As a result of the investigation, outsourcing is perceived importantly in study, growth, internal process point of view, but didn't perceived in finance and customer. We guessed that outsourcing would be perceived importantly in financial point of view as a cost reduction. In 5 years from the beginning of metro, it seemed to be perceived importantly, as organizations grow older, perceptions of outsourcing are perceived low because of stabilization of organization and labor's resistance. It is why that the more outsourcing is performed, the more reduction of organization and decrease of employees is expected as much as cost reduction.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.835-842
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• 2020

The study aims to investigate the impact of debt on corporate profitability in the context of Vietnam. The paper investigates the impact of debt on corporate profitability in non-finance listed companies on the Vietnam stock market. The panel data of the research sample includes 118 non-financial listed companies on the Vietnam stock market for a period of nine years, from 2009 to 2017. The Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is employed to address econometric issues and to improve the accuracy of the regression coefficients. In this research, corporate profitability is measured as the return of EBIT on total assets. The debt ratio is a ratio that indicates the proportion of a company's debt to its total assets. Firm sizes, tangible assets, growth rate, and taxes are control variables in the study. The empirical results show that debt has a statistically significant negative effect on corporate profitability. The result also shows this effect is stronger in a non-linear (concave) way, we show that the debt ratio has nonlinear effects on corporate profitability. From this, experimental evidence shows that the optimal debt ratio is 38.87%. This evidence provides a new insight to managers of the non-finance companies on how to improve the firm's profitability with debt.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.11
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• pp.779-788
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• 2020

Commercial banks play an important role as the main source of funding in the transition process of Vietnam as a market economy. As a result, enhancing the efficiency and productivity of Vietnamese banks can decrease the lending cost for individuals and enterprises. This study is to measure and analyze the productivity change of Vietnamese banking system in different ownership cohorts and sources of this change during the period of restructuring (2011-2019). The Hicks-Moorsteen total factor productivity index is utilised to measure the productivity change and to identify the sources of this change. For an empirical analysis, the data of 28 Vietnamese commercial banks from 2011 to 2018 is collected from their financial statements including balance sheets and income statements. The results show an increase of Vietnamese bank productivity due to the technological progress. While foreign and joint-venture banks are the most advanced cohort, state-owned banks have the lowest rate of productivity growth. The restructuring program negatively impacts scale efficiency and this measure attributes to a decline in the overall efficiency of the banks. We also found that state-owned commercial banks are the most efficient group in the sense that they can achieve the maximal level of revenue from a given amount of expense.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.56-66
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• 2016

This paper analyzes the impact of CSR on the capital market in Korea. Using listed firm data, we found that the creation of a sustainability report that indirectly measures the level of CSR can bring the stock rate of return difference of the capital markets representative market index. First, when a firm that publishes a sustainability report was compared in terms of its market rate of return, it showed a return increase of about 2%. We found that higher returns were gained through the competitive advantage of related business when the firm was actively involved in social responsibility. Second, subdivided by industry, firms belonging to the capital goods industry were found to reach a rate of return higher than that of industry. These firms were noticeable in that they were mainly industries that caused environmental pollution. Third, in an additional analysis, foreign investors were given the sustainability report of financial businesses, which was interpreted as a result of industrial properties. A sustainability report is a comprehensive report on the economic, environmental, and social activities of a firm. Firms must learn that they can gain trust through publishing trustworthy reports while achieving the lasting power of growth from the stakeholders.

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.8-20
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• 2016

Banks are the engines that drive the operations in financial sector, money markets and growth of economy. With growing banking industry in India, frauds in Banks are increasing and fraudsters are becoming more sophisticated and ingenious. Shockingly, banking industry in India dubs rising fraud as "an inevitable cost of doing business." As part of study, a questionnaire-based survey was conducted in 2012-13 among 345 Bank employees "to know their perception towards bank frauds and evaluate factors that influence the degree of their compliance level." The study reveals, "there are poor employment practices and lack of effective employee training; usually over-burdened staff, weak internal control systems, and low compliance levels on the part of Bank Managers, Offices and Clerks. Although banks cannot be 100% secure against unknown threats, a certain level of preparedness can go a long way in countering fraud risk. Internal audit professionals should play an integral role in organization's fraud-fighting efforts. Some other promising steps are: educate customers about fraud prevention, make application of laws more stringent, leverage the power of data analysis technologies, follow fraud mitigation best practices, and employ multipoint scrutiny.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.63-69
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• 2011

As environmental protection is becoming more and more important, green production has become a key issue for almost every manufacturer and will determine a manufacturer can be sustainable in the long term. Therefore a performance evaluation system for green suppliers is necessary to determine the suitability of suppliers to cooperate with the company. While the works on the evaluation and/or selection of suppliers are abundant, those that concern environmental issues are rather limited. The objective of this study is to construct a combined model based on fuzzy analytic hierarchy process (FAHP) and balanced scorecard (ESC) for evaluating green suppliers in the manufacturing industry. The ESC concept is applied to define the hierarchy with four major perspectives (i.e. financial, customer, internal business process, and learning and growth), and performance indicators are selected for each perspective. FAHP is then proposed in order to tolerate vagueness and ambiguity of information. Finally, FAHP is finally constructed to facilitate the solving process. With the proposed model, manufacturers can have a better understanding of the capabilities that a green supplier must possess and can evaluate and select the most suitable green supplier for cooperation.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.5 no.2 s.18
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• pp.202-210
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• 2004

Under the current competitive business environment, the complexity of procurement method, and the lack of engineering capacity in the construction engineering industry, a construction engineering firms require the business strategy and its performance measurement system. This study suggests a performance measurement model that could follow 'H' construction engineering firm's vision and strategy. The model utilizes the concept of Balanced Scorecard. The study proposes the four main performance perspectives such as financial, growth, internal efficiency, and improvement & learning through the long-term strategy analysis, SWOT analysis, and interviews of the employees. Also the study develops the critical success factor and the key performance indicators. The usefulness of the performance measurement model is validated through the gap analysis such as alignment analysis and consensus analysis.

• Korean Journal of Construction Engineering and Management
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.203-213
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• 2007

In the past, several construction projects have exceeded their schedule resulting in financial losses to the owners; at present there are very few methods available to accurately forecast the completion date of a project. These nay be because of unforeseen outcomes that cannot be accounted for earlier and because of deficiency of proper tools to forecast completion date of said project. To overcome these difficulties, project managers may need a tool to predict the completion date at the early stage of project development. Bayesian Inference introduced in this paper is one such tool that can be employed to forecast project progress at all construction stages. Using this inference, project managers can combine an initially planned project progress (growth curve) with reported information from ongoing projects during the development, and in addition, dynamically revise this initial plan and quantify the uncertainty of completion date. This study introduces a theoretical model and proposes a mathematically information-based framework to forecast a project completion date that corresponds with the actual progress data and to monitor the modified uncertainties using Bayesian Inference.