• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.26-30
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• 2008

Purpose: The authors evaluated the differences between K-wires and Bold screw for fixing the proximal metatarsal chevron osteotomy of moderate and severe hallux valgus. Materials and Methods: There were 59 patients (81 feet) who were moderate and severe degree hallux valgus according to the classification of Mann. They all got the proximal chevron osteotomy when correcting the deformity. All patients were followed up at least 6 months. We divided the patients into 2 groups, K-wires fixed group as A, Bold screw fixed group as B. Group A were 42 patients (63 feet) and Group B were 18 patients (19 feet). Among the Group B, 2 feet who were failed to fix the oetotomy site with Bold screw, were fixed with K-wires during operation. We measured the AOFAS score preoperatively, postoperatively and at final follow-up, VAS score at 2 weeks after the operation. Also preoperative, postoperative and follow-up hallux valgus angle (HVA) and intermetatarsal angle (IMA) were measured for each patients. Results: Mean follow up period was 1.34 year (range: 6 months-6.16 years). Mean VAS score of group A was $3.21{\pm}1.7$ and group B $1.76{\pm}1.0$. Preoperative mean AOFAS score of group A was $45.61{\pm}8.3$, group B $44.41{\pm}8.9$, the final mean score of group A was $88.87{\pm}8.3$ and group B $92.47{\pm}4.4$. Preoperative mean HVA was $30.82{\pm}6.6$ degrees in group A and $32.88{\pm}14.5$ degrees in group B, the final mean angle of group A was $14.89{\pm}8.3$ degrees and group B $17{\pm}4.4$ degrees. The preoperative mean IMA of group A was $13.69{\pm}3.6 $degrees and group B $12.35{\pm}5.2$, the final mean angle of group A was $9.26{\pm}3.6$ degrees and group B $12.35{\pm}5.8$ degrees. Conclusion: There were no statistical differences in radiologic and clinical results (p>0.05) but, group B exceeded group A in VAS score (p=0.0007) and had no statistical significance in terms of reduction angle loss (p=0.06). Early returning to normal life activity may be possible for patients using Bold screws.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.53-64
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• 2004

Objective: This study was to evaluate the influence of stress on Peripheral Facial Paralysis during the complex traditional korean medical treatment. Methods: We investigated 41 cases of patients with Peripheral Facial Paralysis who were given the complex traditional korean medical treatment. one group had stress as main factor, the other group didn't it. we evaluated the treatment effect of each group by using Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System. Results : 1. In age, sex, lesion, duration of disease, frequency of treatment, duration of treatment, we found that two groups have no significant differences. 2. Pain back of the ear showed the highest frequency in symptoms at onset. 3. Boyangwhanotang showed the highest frequency in oriental herb medicine treatment. 4. As a result of evaluation by using Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System, treatment score after 2weeks was marked more higher than score before treatment and treatment score after final treatment was more higher than treatment score after 2weeks on each groups. 5. After final treatment, Non-stress group had signficant result on Gross Grading System of House-Brackmann, Yanagihara's Unweighed Grading System compared with stress group. Conclusion : These results suggested that patient with Non-stress group should be get better than stress group.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.93-97
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• 2017

Purpose: The aim of this study was to evaluate the radiological and clinical outcomes of scarf osteotomy for hallux valgus (HV) deformity in elderly patient with osteoporosis. Materials and Methods: A total of 58 elderly patients (mean age, 72.6 years) underwent scarf osteotomy for HV deformity between 2008 and 2015. The mean follow-up period was 24.4 months. Of the 58 patients, 42 were diagnosed with osteoporosis and 16 were diagnosed as normal. The radiological and clinical outcomes were assessed preoperatively, postoperatively, and at final follow-up, including HV angle, intermetatarsal (IM) angle, American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score, patient satisfaction, visual analogue scale (VAS), and complication. Results: There was no significant difference in HV angle and IM angle between the osteoporosis group and normal bone mineral densitometry group at all time points, preoperative, postoperative, and final follow-up. Moreover, there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups with respect to the AOFAS score and VAS evaluations. In the osteoporosis group, the mean HV angle improved from $36.7^{\circ}$ preoperatively to $11.3^{\circ}$ at the time of final follow-up, and the mean IM angle improved from $13.2^{\circ}$ to $5.7^{\circ}$. The mean AOFAS score improved from 52.6 preoperatively to 89.1 at the time of final follow-up. With respect to satisfaction, 83.4% of patients were very satisfied or satisfied. There were no serious complications, and all cases showed complete union at the osteotomy site. Conclusion: We believed that scarf osteotomy is a safe, effective procedure for the correction of elderly patients with osteoporosis.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.159-166
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• 2016

This study was conducted to examine the effect of IgY supplementation on growth performance, blood metabolism, and disease occurrence in the weaned calves at 3 or 4 month of age. Average daily gain (ADG) and feed intakes were not affected by IgY supplementation, regardless of weaning months. White blood cell (WBC) count of the control group was higher in the final stage than in the initial stage (p<0.05), while that of the IgY supplemented group was lower in the final stage compared to the initial stage (p<0.05). regardless of treatments. Hematocrit (HCT) and red blood cell (RBC) counts were lower in the final stage than in the initial stage (p<0.05), but mean corpuscular volume (MCV) and mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) counts were higher in the final stage than in the initial stage, regardless of treatments. In the control group, concentrations of albumin and globulin were higher in the final stage compared to the initial stage in the weaned calves at 3 month of age (p<0.05), and concentration of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) was increased in the IgY supplemented group. In the control group, concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma (${\gamma}$)-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were higher in the final stage compared to the initial stage (p<0.05). In contrast, concentrations of aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and gamma(${\gamma}$)-glutamyl transferase (GGT) were lower in the final stage compared to the initial stage for the IgY supplemented group. A diarrhea calf was only found in the control group. Manure score was higher in the control group compared to IgY supplemented group (p<0.05). Thus, these results indicates that IgY supplementation had positive effects on some blood metabolites, fecal condition score and diarrhea without negative effect on growth performance of the weaned Hanwoo calves.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.23
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• pp.45-52
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• 1994

The aim of this study was to inspect the change of the evaluation scores of the clothing according to the numbers of simple exposure. Two cuts of slides representing a 29-years old female figure clothed either in formal suits or in casual were shown to 41 college female students majoring in clothing and textiles. Questionnaire consisted of 9-point bipolar semantic differentials was given out at 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 times of slide exposure. Results were : 1. The evaluation score was the highest after 3 times of exposure . At after 5 times of exposures the score decreased abruptly and increased slightly thereafter. 2. Th evaluation score of the formal suit was higher at the first exposure , but the casual acquired higher score after 3 times of exposure and maintained the superiority thereon. 3. The final score of evaluation of clothing was most similar with the score of after-7-times of exposure, but was almost similar with that of after -5-times of exposure.

• Journal of Korean Foot and Ankle Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.139-143
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• 2017

Purpose: Osteochondral lesion of the talus (OLT) has traditionally been treated using an autologous osteochondral graft via the medial malleolar approach. Here, we compare the traditional method with the anterior arthrotomy approach. Materials and Methods: Between January 2005 and June 2015, 24 cases of patients who received autologus osteochondral graft for OLT and with at least 2 years of follow-up were evaluated. They were divided into two groups; one group receiving autologous osteochondral graft via the medial malleolar osteotomy approach (group 1, n=9) and another group via the anterior arthrotomy approach (group 2, n=15). The clinical outcomes were assessed using the American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) score. Results: In all cases, the size of the subchondral cyst of the talus decreased, if not disappeared on the final follow-up radiograph. All osteochondral grafts were united. The mean AOFAS score increased from 61.5 preoperatively to 84.9 at the final follow-up. The mean AOFAS score of group 1 increased from 60.3 preoperatively to 78.0 (p=0.007) at the final follow-up, and the mean AOFAS score of group 2 also increased from 62.2 to 89.1 (p=0.006). The AOFAS score was statistically better in group 2 than in group 1 (p=0.034) at the final follow-up. Conclusion: Autologous osteochondral graft of the OLT yields satisfactory radiologic and clinical outcomes. Especially, better clinical outcome was observed in the group using the anterior arthrotomy approach (group 2) than in the group using the medial malleolar osteotomy approach (group 1).

• Journal of Engineering Education Research
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.30-36
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• 2013

Applying intuitive learning method on engineering education, especially for the mechanical engineering, is hardly found from the previous case studies and is not easily proved its beneficial verification. Verbal repetition is also rarely used to investigate its positive effects on educational methodology for both science and engineering disciplines. To prove the education effects of these two methods; we used intuitive thinking time period at the beginning of each lecture and let students repeat the concepts and the equations verbally. These two methods were related to the subjects of each lecture, and were used for students to try to draw engineering thinking from natural phenomena that they could easily experience in daily life. The methods could help them to memorize theoretical ideas. We investigated the effects of intuition and verbal repetition methods by comparing the scores of final exam with those of midterm exam. The results revealed significant improvement; 77.6% of the students achieved higher score in their final exam compared to midterm exam. We plan to investigate qualitative contributions of intuition and verbal repetition methods to the students' achievement for the further research.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.27-34
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• 2015

If examining utilization by completion of National Competency Standards development, efforts are made so as to organize curriculum matched to education or training and perform subjects based on competence unit educationally in specialized high schools, colleges and university. However, National Competency Standards is insignificantly utilized in enterprises and on the spot due to characteristics of occupation type and diversity of process. This thesis intended to measures of safety efficiency improvement of final enterprise through the human resources assessment system of National Competency Standards based enterprise. Therefore, various methodologies were introduced and results of analysis by Balanced ScoreCard method were suggested for policy measures improving final safety efficiency. The results of this analysis are expected to make contribution to improving the effectiveness of the government's industrial safety and health policies through the establishment of systematic safety and health systems according to the risk level of individual business.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.288-296
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• 2015

Objectives Purpose of this study was to examine difference of taste score in herbal medicine among Sasang Constitution groups. Methods Seventy-three healthy students tasted salt solution, sucrose solution, four herbal medications (Hyangsayangwi-tang, Yanggyeoksanhwa-tang, Yeoldahanso-tang, and Mihudeungsikjang-tang), and then immediately scored intension of stimuli for each taste which they felt. Data of sixty-four final participant were analyzed by SPSS version 18, as follows: frequency analysis for characteristic data of participants, Kruskal-wallis test for difference in taste score among Sasang Constitution groups, and Pearson correlation analysis for the correlation between taste score of single taste stimuli and taste scores of herbal medications. Results Significant difference was shown in sweet taste score of Hyangsayangwi-tang among Sasang Constitution groups, that Soyangin showed higher sweet taste score of Hyangsayangwi-tang than Soeumin's. No significant difference was shown in other tastes or other herbal medications. Positive correlation between taste score of sucrose solution and sweet taste score of herbal medication was shown in Soemin. Conclusions There is difference in sweet taste score of Hyangsayangwi-tang among Sasang Constitution groups. There is positive correlation between sweet taste score of sucrose solution and herbal medication. This research has limitation, so well-designed research is needed.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.21-26
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• 2006

Objectives : This study was to evaluate the effectiveness of Bee Venom acupuncture therapy on chronic arthritis of ankle, Methods : We divided chronic arthritis of ankle patient into 2 group; one group combined bee venom acupuncture therapy and acupuncture therapy, another group was only acupuncture therapy. To estimate the efficacy of treatment that applied for two groups, we used visual analog scale(VAS). We compared the VAS score of two groups statistically. Results : 1. As a result of evaluation by using visual analog scale(VAS), treatment score at final was marked more higher than score before treatment on each groups. 2. treatment at final, acupuncture and bee venom acupuncture therapy group had significant result on visual analog scale(VAS) compared with acupuncture therapy group. Conclusion : Bee Venom acupuncture therapy can be used with acupuncture therapy for highly effective treatment for chronic arthritis of ankle.