• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 2015

To determine the predation rate of threadsail filefish, we conducted feeding experiment of threadsail filefish, Stephanolepis cirrhifer on different life stages (medusae, ephyrae, and polyps) of Aurelia aurita s.l. in the laboratory. All size groups of threadsail filefish actively preyed on moon jellyfish Aurelia aurita s.l. and predation rate was proportional to the wet weight of threadsail filefish. Average wet weight 0.5, 1, 2.2 g of threadsail filefish preyed on average $0.77{\pm}0.51g\;fish^{-1}h^{-1}$ of medusae. Average wet weight 150 and 344 g of threadsail filefish preyed on $9.26{\pm}1.61$ and $15.89{\pm}3.67g\;fish^{-1}h^{-1}$ of medusae respectively. In ephyrae and polyps, average wet weight 3.7 g of juvenile of threadsail filefish preyed on 100 ephyrae within 10 minutes and average wet weight 2.2 g of juvenile of threadsail filefish preyed on $5.73{\pm}0.59$ polyps $g^{-1}$ of fish $h^{-1}$. Whereas adults of threadsail filefish did not prey on polyps. In feeding preference experiments to elucidate whether threadsail filefish prey on moon jellyfish in the sea, adults of threadsail filefish preyed on mostly oysters (ca. 60%) and polychaetes (ca. 80%). Medusae were consumed only 2% of total. However, juvenile of threadsail filefish preyed on ephyrae and polyps as well as mysid shrimps. Besides, polyps were consistently consumed during the experiment. Although juvenile of threadsail filefish consumed all kinds of prey, they ceased feeding at temperatures below $11^{\circ}C$, which suggests that possibility of predation on ephyrae may be very low in the sea because ephyrae are released at low temperatures below $11^{\circ}C$ from March to April. Whereas polyps are inhabitable in all seasons in Korean coastal waters, juvenile of threadsail filefish may prey on polyps in the sea. These results suggest that removing moon jellyfish at polyp stage by using juvenile of threadsail filefish is the most effective way for extermination of moon jellyfish.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.36-42
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• 1982

An investigation on optimum processing conditions for meaty textured fish protein concentrate (MT-FPC) was carried out with the fish meat of filefish, Navodon modestus, and sandfish. Arctoscopus japonicus. The processing conditions were determined by the lipid content and the rehydration capacity of MT-FPC. The optimum pH and sodium chloride content of fish meat were 8.0 and 1.0%, respectively. The most effective soaking conditions were: soaking time in chilled ethanol was 15 min for both filefish and sandfish; amount of chilled ethanol, 3 volumes and 4 volumes for filefish and sandfish, respectively; temperature of chilled ethanol, $25 ^{\circ}C$ for both filefish and sandfish; soaking time in boiling ethanol, 15 and 25 min for filefish and sandfish, respectively; amount of boiling ethanol, 2 and 4 volumes for filefish and sandfish, respectively; and number of snaking in boiling ethanol, 2 and 4 times for filefish and sandfish, respectively. Yields of the product to the minced meat weight, the contents of protein and lipid in MT-FPC prepared from filefish were 13.7%, 84.5% and 0.2%, and those from sandfish were 12.5%, 84.2% and 1.1%, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.175-180
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• 1992

For the effective utilizing of polyunsaturated lipids in filefish viscera wasted from marine manufactory the conditions of degumming, deacidification, decoloring and deodorization for the processing of refined viscera oil were investigated. In the process of refining degumming with 20$m\ell$ of 4% oxalic acid per 100$m\ell$ of crude filefish viscera oil resulted in the lowest residual phosphorus content as 115.8 ppm and optimal condition to neutralize the filefish viscera oil was treating for 30min at 60$^{\circ}C$ with 0.5% excess of 4M sodium hydroxide solution. Decoloring was optimized by adding 10% bleaching earth and treating for 20min at 60$^{\circ}C$ under vacuum, and deodorizing was done by steam distillation at 180$^{\circ}C$ under 4 torr of vacuum.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.181-186
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• 1992

For the effective utilizing of refined filefish viscera oil, it was added to fish meat paste based products as a dietary supplement of polyunsaturated fatty acids. The storage stability and physicochemical properties of the product(kamaboko) was tested. Lipid oxidation of kamaboko could be retarded and texture expressed as jelly strength could be enhanced by adding of emulsion curd prepared from water, refined filefish viscera oil and soybean protein and sodium erythorbate during the storage at 5$^{\circ}C$. These results suggested the possibility that the refined filefish viscera oil containing highly polyunsaturated fatty acid, especially EPA and DHA could be used as a food ingredient for dietary supply of the lipids.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.16-21
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• 2011

The genetic diversity and population genetic structure of thread-sail filefish, Stephanolepis cirrhifer (Temminck & Schlegel), were examined with a nucleotide sequence analysis of a 495bp fragment of the 5'-end of the cytochrome b gene in 113 fish collected from five populations from the south and east coasts of the Korean Peninsula. Seventeen variable nucleotide sites and 16 haplotypes were defined. The observed haplotypes had a shallow haplotype genealogy and no geographical association. Most of the populations had high haplotype diversity and low nucleotide diversity, and significant negative values for Fu's $F_S$, suggesting rapid, recent population growth from an ancestral population and sudden population expansion. The estimated pairwise fixation indices ($F_{ST}$) indicate that substantial gene flow occurs among these populations. Thread-sail filefish in the South Sea of Korea and East Sea Korean populations forms a single panmictic population. Thus, thread-sail filefish in these areas should be treated as one management unit.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.34 no.3
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• pp.265-272
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• 1991

In order to utilize fish skin effectively, the acid-soluble collagen was extracted from the skin of filefish, Novoden modestrus, and the filefish skin collagen(FSG) was modified by papain-catalyzed incorporation of L-leucine alkyl ester(Leu-OCn). The functional properties of an enzymatically modified collagen were measured. The $FSC-Leu-OC_8$ showed very good emulsifiability and foamability and was suitable for use as a low-fat content proteinaceous surfactant.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.54-59
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• 2008

The present study aimed to find the best diluent and cryoprotectant for sperm cryopreservation of filefish Thamnaconus modestus. Two kinds of artificial seminal plasma(ASP1, ASP2), 0.3 M glucose and marine fish Ringer's solution(MFRS) were employed as diluent. Dimethyl sulfoxide(DMSO) and methanol as cryoprotectant were selected for sperm cryopreservation. Sperm was diluted at the ratio of 1:3 with diluents containing cryoprotectants and adjusted for final concentration at 5%, 10%, 15% and 20%. Mixed milt was frozen at liquid nitrogen vapor after equilibration for 5 min. The highest motility($40.5{\pm}2.8%$) and swimming speed($81.5{\pm}4.1{\mu}m/s$) of frozen/thawed sperm were observed in ASP1 diluent containing 10% DMSO and in ASP2 containing 15% DMSO, respectively. Results showed that cryopreservation with ASP as diluent and DMSO as cryoprotectant could be adopted for long term storage of filefish sperm.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.159-172
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• 1993

Collagenase existed in the internal organs of filefish Novoden modestrus was isolated with ammonium sulfate and was purified by ion exchange column chromatography with DEAE-Sephadex A-50 and gel filtration with Sephadex G-150. The activity of the purified enzyme was increased 92.4 folds than that of the crude one and the yield of the purified one was $10.9\%$. The optimum conditions showing the maximum activity of the crude enzyme to digest insoluble collagen(Type I) were $55^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.0, while those showing the maximum activity of the purified one were $55^{\circ}C$ and pH 7.75. However, the use of the crude enzyme for skinning of filefish was more profitable because the yield was 800 folds higher than that of the purified one and the cost was also able to economy. When hydrolysis for skinning of filefish was conducted with $0.3\%$(w/w) crude collagenase at $50^{\circ}C$ and pH 8.0 for 3hrs, there was some problem to cause a damage on muscle of the fish by heat. To solve such problem for the skinning, the hydrolysis at $18^{\circ}C$ for 4hrs with $0.3\%$ (w/w) crude enzyme after pretreated with 0.5M acetic acid for 10 min provided a good result for skinning of filefish.

• BMB Reports
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.165-171
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• 2002

A serine collagenolytic protease was purified from the internal organs of filefish Novoden modestrus, by ammonium sulfate, ion-exchange chromatography on a DEAE-Sephadex A-50, ion-exchange rechromatography on a DEAE-Sephadex A-50, and gel filtration on a Sephadex G-150 column. The molecular mass of the filefish serine collagenase was estimated to be 27.0 kDa by gel filtration and SDS-PAGE. The purified collagenase was optimally active at pH 7.0-8.0 and $55^{\circ}C$. The purified enzyme was rich in Ala, Ser, Leu, and Ile, but poor in Trp, Pro, Tyr, and Met. In addition, the purified collagenolytic enzyme was strongly inhibited by N-P-toluenesulfonyl-L-lysine chloromethyl ketone (TLCK), diisopropylfluorophosphate (DFP), and soybean trypsin inhibitor.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Embryo Transfer Conference
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• 2003.10a
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• pp.73-73
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• 2003