• 한국작물학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.353-357
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• 1989

아마 답전작 재배에서 시비량에 따르는 주용 형질의 반응을 구명하고자 시험했던 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 성숙기는 3품종 모두 무비구보다 시비구에서 늦었으며 품종별로는 Wiera, Stoment Goss 품종이 무비구에서 6월 15일 ~ 17일인데 비해 시비구에서는 6월 18일~20일로 3~4일 늦었고 Taijungsun#1은 부비구가 6월 13일이었는데 비해 시비구는 6월 14~15일로 1~2일 늦었다. 2. 경장과 유분함량은 시비구에서 경장이 가장 길었고 유분함량도 가장 많았으며 시비량이 더 많은 N-P$_2$O$_{5}$-K$_2$O =9-7-5kg/10a 시비구에서는 오히려 경장이 짧고 유분함량이 적었다. 3. 원경중과 종실중은 3품종 모두 N-P$_2$O$_{5}$-K$_2$O =8-6-4kg/10a의 증시구에서는 직물체의 과번무와 도복 및 모아마의 발생으로 오히려 수량이 감수되었다. 4. 분산분소에서도 품종간, 시비량간, 품종과 시비량의 교호작용에서도 모두 고도의 유의차를 나타내어서 척박지인 사양토의 답전작 아마재배는 N-P$_2$O$_{5}$-K$_2$O =8-6-4kg/10a의 시비에서 가장 좋은 반응을 보여 주었다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제49권5호
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• pp.531-540
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• 2016

The adoption of legume cover crops in no-tillage system can contribute to improve soil fertility by providing several benefits, including reduction in soil erosion, suppression of weed growth and N supply to subsequent crops. We conducted a field study to investigate the effect of cover crops and nitrogen fertilization rates on yield and nitrogen use efficiency of waxy corn (Zea mays L.) in no-tillage upland field. Two legume cover crops, hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnuturn L.) were mechanically terminated with roller in early June. For each cover crop treatment, nitrogen (N) fertilizer was applied at three different rates (145, 72.5 and $0kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$). The growth and yield characteristics of corn were significantly affected by the N fertilization rates in crimson clover plots, which suggest N mineralization from the cover crop residue was not sufficient. In contrast, N fertilization rates had no significant effect on growth and yield of corn in hairy vetch plots, indicating that the amount of N released from the cover crop is large enough to meet most of the N requirement of corn. However, the application of N fertilizer in hairy vetch cover plots resulted in slight increase of crop yield, though not statically significant, and high levels of N concentration in corn plant tissue possibly due to luxury consumption of N. Organic residues on the soil surface in hairy vetch cover plots had substantial amounts of N after harvest, ranging from 100 to $116kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$, which is presumably retained during winter season and released by microbial mineralization in subsequent year. The highest nitrogen yield efficiency was achieved in the plot with hairy vetch cover and no N fertilizer application, followed by the plot with hairy vetch cover and $72.5kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ fertilization rate. In conclusion, hairy vetch showed better performance in corn productivity as compared with crimson clover. In addition, it was concluded that the application of N fertilizer between 0 and $72.5kg\;N\;ha^{-1}$ in combination with hairy vetch cover crop might be most efficient for corn yield under no-tillage system with climatic and soil characteristics similar to those of the experimental site.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.224-231
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• 1984

누수(漏水)와 양분용탈(養分溶脫)이 심한 사질답(砂質畓)(강서통(江西統))에 산적토(山赤土), 점질(粘質) 및 미사질해이토(微砂質海泥土)와 영일만(迎日灣)의 제삼기층토양(第三紀層土壤)을 객토처리(客土處理)하여 토양개량효과(土壤改良效果) 및 벼 생육(生育)에 미치는 영향(影響)을 2개년간(個年間) ('80~'81)에 걸쳐 비교(比較)하여 본 결과(結果)는 다음과 같다. (1) 수량(收量)은 1, 2년차(年次) 공히 비슷한 경향(傾向)이었으며 점질해이토구(粘質海泥土區)와 제삼기층토(第三紀層土) 처리(處理區)에서 가장 높았다. (2) 2년차(年次)에서 전생육기간(全生育其間)동안 객토(客土)의 잔효(殘效)에 의하여 건물중(乾物重) 및 무기성분(無機成分) 흡수량(吸收量)은 증가(增加)하는 경향(傾向)이며 특히 점질해이토구(粘質海泥土區)와 제삼기층토구(第三紀層土區)가 현저(顯著)하였다. (3) 시험(試驗) 후(後) 토양(土壤)의 양(陽)이온치환용량(置換容量), 유효규산(有效珪酸), 치환성양(置換性陽)이온 및 황성철함량(活性鐵含量)이 증가(增加)되었으며 제삼기층토구(第三紀層土區)에서 양(陽)이온 치환용량(置換容量)이 가장 높았다. 또 입단함량(粒團含量)과 소성지수(塑性指數)는 증대(增大)되었으며 제삼기층토구(第三紀層土區)와 점질해이토구(粘質海泥土區)에서 투수계수(透水係數)가 현저(顯著)히 적어졌다.

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제45권5호
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• pp.97-103
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 비점오염저감장치를 이용하여 밭 시험포장에서의 저감효과를 평가하기 위하여, 경남 사천시 용현면에 시험포장을 설치하고 포장실험을 수행하였다. 시험포장은 6개의 시험구와 3개의 침사구로 구성되어 있으며, 각 시험구의 크기는 가로 5 m, 세로 22 m의 크기로 각 시험구의 말단에는 유출량을 측정하기 위한 수위계를 설치하였고, 포장에서의 강우량을 측정하기 위해 강우계를 설치하였다. 인공강우 실험을 통해 유출수의 시간변화에 따른 수질을 측정한 결과 초기 유출시 SS, TOC, T-N, T-P, COD, NTU의 농도는 각각 15.00, 1.54, 5.27, 0.07, 4.72, 0.45 mg/L로 나타났으며, 4시간 후의 농도는 각각 1.00, 0.94, 4.06, 0.01, 0.60, 0.33 mg/L로 측정되었다. 대부분의 수질측정값이 초기 유출시 높고 시간이 흐름에 따라 감소하는 경향을 보였다. 인공강우에 의한 유출실험 결과, 침사구에서의 부유물질은 시간이 흐름에 따라 눈으로 식별 가능할 정도로 줄었으나 각 수질측정값은 불규칙한 경향을 보였으며, 이는 샘플링 시료에 포함되는 부유물질의 양이 일정하지 않았기 때문으로 풀이된다. 향후 추가적인 연구를 통해 밭비점오염원 저감효과를 평가하고 제어대책을 개발하게 되면 밭에서의 비점오염, 배출을 최소화시켜 수질개선에 기여할 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.136-142
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• 1985

임목(林木)과 초사료생산(草飼料生産)이라는 측면에서 임간초지개발(林間草地開發)은 우리 나라에서 중요한 과제라 할 수 있다. 본(本) 시험(試驗)은 임간혼파초지(林間混播草地)에서 생산성향상(生産性向上)과 이용기간연장(利用期間延長)을 위한 적정시비수준(適正施肥水準)을 구명(究明)하고자 수령((樹齡) $10{\sim}15$년간(年間) 소나무지대(차광정도(遮光程度) $40{\sim}50%$)에서 질소, 인산, 칼리비료의 수준을 달리한 13가지 시비수준(施肥水準)을 난괴법으로 배치하여 목초의 생육특성, 엽록소함량, 재생과 건물수량 등을 조사하였다. 1984년(年) 수원 근교 임간지에서 수행된 시험(試驗)의 결과(結果)를 요약(要約)하면 다음과 같다. 1. 초고(草高)와 목초피복율(牧草被覆率)은 대체로 표준비 이상의 질소시비구에서 높았으며, 3 요소 무비구와 질소무비구에서 가장 부족(不足)하였고, 최종예취후 나지율(裸地率) 질소수준이 낮을 때 높았다. 2 엽신(葉身)의 엽록색도(葉綠色度)와 엽록소함량(葉綠素含量)은 질소수준이 표준비 이상인 구에서 높았으며 3요소 무비구와 질소무비구에서 가장 낮았다. 엽부패도(葉腐敗度)와 초형(草型)은 질소수준이 높을 때 불량(不良)해지는 경향을 보였다. 3 1차(次) 예취후(刈取後) 목초(牧草)의 시기별(時期別) 재생력(再生力)은 표준비이상의 질소시용구에서 양호(良好)하였으며, 3요소무비구와 질소무비구는 재생초장(再生草長)과 재생건물중(再生乾物重) 증가속도가 가장 불량(不良)하였다.4. 목초(牧草)의 건물수량(乾物收量)은 질소수준이 표준비 이상인 구에서 많았으며 3 요소무비구와 질소무비구에서 가장 적었다(P<0.05). 본 시험에서 표준비구, 3요소 50% 증비구 및 질소 50% 증비구에서 높은 수량(收量)을 기대할 수 있었으며 세 처리간 유의차는 없었다. 5 목초(牧草)의 생육(生育), 재생(再生) 및 수량(收量)은 3요소 비료중 질소시용에 의해 가장 큰 영향을 받았으며 인산과 칼리비료의 영향은 작았다. 본(本) 시험(試驗)에서 수량(收量)위주로 볼 때 임간초지(林間草地)의 적정시비수준(適正施肥水準)은 자연광조건(自然光條件)의 일반초지(一般草地)와 마찬가지로 표준비($N-P_2O_5-K_2O=28-20-24kg/10a$)시용인 것으로 나타났으나 경제성을 고려할 때 10a당 질소는 $20{\sim}28kg$, 인산 $10{\sim}15kg$, 칼리 $12{\sim}18kg$이 적합하다고 생각된다.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제57권4호
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• pp.51-59
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• 2015

Various Best Management Practices (BMPs) have been suggested to reduce soil erosion and non point source (NPS) pollutant loads from agricultural fields. However, very little research regarding water quality improvement with No-till (NT) has been performed in Korea. Thus, effects of NT were investigated in this study. The objective of the study was to investigate the effect of NT on the surface runoff and sediment discharge in a field. Eight experimental plots of $5{\times}30m$ in size and 3 % or 8 % in slope prepared on gravelly sandy loam soil were treated with Conventional-till (CT) and NT. Runoff and NPS pollution discharge were monitored and compared the treatments. The amounts of rainfall from 13 monitored events ranged from 28.7 mm to 503.5 mm. The runoff amount was reduced by 17.6~59.2 % in 3 % NT and 29.6~53.2 % in 8 % NT. The average NPS pollution loads of the 3 % NT plots and 8 % NT plot were reduced about 45.1~89.2 % and 47.7~98.0 % compared to those of the CT plots, respectively. This research revealed that NT can reduce the NPS pollution loads substantially as well as increase the crop yield. Runoff and NPS pollution loads reduction by NT method could be contribute to improve the water quality of streams in agricultural regions.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.46-51
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• 2008

With the goal of achieving better integrated pest management for hot pepper, a disease-forecasting system was compared to a conventional disease-control method. Experimental field plots were established at Asan, Chungnam, in 2005 to 2006, and hourly temperature and leaf wetness were measured and used as model inputs. One treatment group received applications of a protective fungicide, dithianon, every 7 days, whereas another received a curative fungicide, dimethomorph, when the model-determined infection risk (IR) exceeded a value of 3. In the unsprayed plot, fruits showed 18.9% (2005) and 14.0% (2006) anthracnose infection. Fruits sprayed with dithianon at 7-day intervals had 4.7% (2005) and 15.4% (2006) infection. The receiving model-advised sprays of dimethomorph had 9.4% (2005) and 10.9% (2006) anthracnose infection. Differences in the anthracnose levels between the conventional and model-advised treatments were not statistically significant. The efficacy of 10 (2005) and 8 (2006) applications of calendar-based sprays was same as that of three (2005 and 2006) sprays based on the disease-forecast system. In addition, we found much higher the IRs with the leaf wetness sensor from the field plots comparing without leaf wetness sensor from the weather station at Asan within 10km away. Since the wetness-periods were critical to forecast anthracnose in the model, the measurement of wetness-period in commercial fields must be refined to improve the anthracnose-forecast model.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.29-37
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• 2011

Effect of rice straw mat and wood shaves on the reduction of runoff and nonpoint source (NPS) pollution loads from field plots were experimentally studied. Three runoff plots of $5{\times}22$ m in size and 3 % in slope were prepared on a loamy sand field. Each plot was equipped with a flume to measure runoff and collect water samples. Experimental treatments of surface cover were bare, wood shaves (1,000 kg/ha) and rice straw mat cover (3,000 kg/ha). Under radish was cultivation. During the growing season of the radish, three rainfall-runoff events were monitored. Effect of wood shaves and straw mat cover on runoff reduction was 4~30 % and 33~75 % respectively compared to control. The effect on NPS pollution reduction was 36.8 and 64.3 % in BOD, 41.1 and 80.8 % in SS, 34.0 and 56.1 % in TP and 28.0 and 56.6 % in TN respectively. It was analyzed that the reduction of runoff and NPS pollution were mainly contributed by the decrease of rainfall energy impact and flow velocity and the increase of infiltration due to the surface cover materials. Rice straw mat showed very stable soil cover while large portion of wood shaves were lost during heavy storm events. It was concluded that straw mat was an efficient cover material to reduce NPS pollution from upland fields.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제61권4호
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• pp.185-191
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• 2019

The aim of this study was to evaluate different herbicides for optimum growth, yield and nutritive value of corn-soybean mixed forage under randomized complete block design. The experimental site was selected and divided equally into 3 blocks. Each block was further divided into 5 plots that each plot had 15 square meter space ($3{\times}5$). Five herbicidal treatments were randomly applied over 5 plots and herbicides were used under 5 herbicidal treatments, viz. 1) No herbicide (control); 2) Pendimethalin; 3) Linuron; 4) S-metolachlor and 5) Ethalfluralin. The collected data were analyzed using ANOVA through SAS 9.1.3 software. The results indicated that growth characteristics were not influenced (p > 0.05) by any herbicide. However, arithmetically corn stalk height was highest in the field of Pendimethalin treatment, whereas highest soybean height was found in the field of S-metolachlor. Arithmetically dry matter (DM) yield was increased with herbicidal treatments as compared to that of control treatment. Relatively highest DM yield (130%) was recorded in the treatment of Ethalfluralin followed by Pendimethalin (126%), S-metolachlor (126%) and Linuron (108%) as compared to that of control treatment. The weed emergence was significantly reduced in all herbicidal treatments as compared to that of control (p > 0.05), but the difference among herbicidal treatments was non-significant. It was concluded that weed emergence can be effectively controlled by use of any tested herbicide. However, optimum DM yield can be achieved through using herbicides; Ethalfluralin, Pendimethalin and S-metolachlor.

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제36권12호
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• pp.1918-1925
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• 2023

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biogas slurry application on biomass production and the silage quality of corn. Methods: A field experiment was conducted in which corn was grown using different biogas slurry application rates. The effect of 25% to 500% biogas slurry nitrogen replacement (T1 to T14) on the yield and quality indices of corn were studied by field plot experiments. Results: The results revealed that biogas slurry application improved the stem diameter and relative feed value of corn silage in treatments T13 and T11. Moreover, the fermentation quality of corn silage was improved due to an increase in lactic acid content; in comparison with the chemical synthetic fertilizer (CF) group. The crude protein contents of corn silage had no obvious change with increasing biogas slurry application. However, the forage quality index of acid detergent fiber was decreased (p<0.05) in the T11 group compared with the CF group. In addition, higher (p<0.05) 30 h in vitro dry matter digestibility and 30 h in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility were observed in the T11 and T13 groups than in the CF group. Conclusion: Based on these results, it was concluded that the optimum biogas slurry application rate for corn was approximately 350% to 450% biogas slurry nitrogen replacement under the present experimental conditions.