• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제82권1호
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• pp.7-11
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• 1993

상해(傷害)에 기인하여 양버즘나무(Platanus occidentalis L.) 수간에 형성된 팽창조직(膨脹組織)의 해부학적(解剖學的) 특성(特性)을 조직학적(組織學的) 및 수량적(數量的) 측면(側面)네서 정상조직(正常組織)과 비교(比較) 고찰(考察)하였다. 팽창조직은 정상조직에 비하여 세포배열이 불규칙적이고 도관요소내 타일로시스가 현저하게 발달되어 있으며, 후벽화(厚壁化)된 목섬유가 흔히 관찰된다는 점, 복합관공이 덜 나타난다는 점에서 차이를 나타내었고, 관공의 직경이 작고 도관요소와 목섬유의 길이가 짧으며 도관빈도(vessel frequency)는 작은 반면, 도관요소내 계단상 천공관의 bar 수(數)가 많으며, 방사조직 빈도(ray frequency)가 크고 방사조직의 폭이 넓으나 높이가 작은 특성(特性)을 나타내었다.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제19권8호
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• pp.50-55
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• 2020

This study investigates the injection molding of a plastic rack gear and focuses on deflections in the part. The causes of deflections were found and resolved through a trade-off study by injection molding analysis. Based on a warpage analysis, the fiber orientation was found to be a dominant factor in the occurrence of deflections. Changes in the part design and various injection conditions were analyzed for their effects in reducing deflections. Based on the trade-off study, a new part bottom design, injection time, and melt temperature were recommended. A trial injection was done for the new plastic rack gear, and measurements showed that its flatness surpassed that of the original part and met the specified requirement. The short injection time, low melt temperature, and symmetric similar configuration of the part contributed to the reduction in deflections. Therefore, optimized gate design and injection conditions as well as a new part design were validated through injection molding analysis in this study.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.431-441
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• 2020

For the purpose of improving the properties of UHPC as well as the economic efficiency in production of the material, Availability of river sands as fine aggregate instead of micro silica sand were investigated. Four different sizes of river sands were considered. Using river sand instead of micro silica sand increased the flowability, and decreased the yield stress and plastic viscosity in rheological properties, and the effect was higher with larger particle size of river sand. It was demonstrated by analyses based on the packing density. In the results of compressive strength and elastic modulus, even though river sand was not as good as micro silica sand, it could provide high strength of over 170 MPa and elastic modulus greater than 40 GPa. The difference in compressive strength depending on the size of river sand was explained with the concept of maximum paste thickness based on the packing density of aggregate. The flexural performance with river sand also presented relatively lower resistance than micro silica sand, and the reduction was greater with larger particle size of river sand. The flexural performance was proven to be also influenced by the difference in the fiber orientation distribution due to the size of river sand.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2002

Active vibration control of intelligent laminated composite plates is performed experimental1y Laminated composite place is modeled by the system identification method. For the system identification process, the laminated composite place is excited by two piezoelectric actuators with PRBS signals. At the same time, the displacement of the laminated composite plate is measured by a gap sensor. From these excited PRBS signals and the measured displacement sequence, system parameters of the laminated composite plate are estimated using a recursive prediction error method. Model of the laminated composite plate with two piezoeletric actuators is assumed to be the form of ARMAX. From the estimated ARHMAX model, a state space equation of the observable canonical form is obtained. With this state space equation, a controller and an observer for active vibration control is designed using the optimal control method. Controller and observer are implemented on a digital system. Experiments on the vibration control are Performed with changing the outer layer fiber orientation of intelligent composite plates.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.117-126
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• 1994

APAL (Aramid Patched ALuminum alloy) was manufactured, which was a material that was consisting of a A12024-T3 aluminum alloy plate bonded to single-side of it with aramid/epoxy laminates. The aramid/epoxy laminates were bonded to it in condition of 1, 2 ply and fiber orientation of .+-.45, 0.deg./90.deg. Fatigue crack propagation tests were performed at stress ratio R-0.2, 0.5 with Al 2024-T3, APAL 45-1P, APAL 0/90-1P, APAL 45-2P, APAL 0/90-2P specimens to examine behavior of retardation in fatigue crack propagation. All the APAL specimens showed superior fatigue crack resistance. Number of cycle spended for crack to propagate from $a_{M}$=37 to $a_{M}$=65 mm in case of APAL 0/90-2P specimen was half that of Al 2024-T3 specimen. Fatigue crack propagation rate of APAL 0/90 specimens were retarded more compared to APAL 45 specimens and the amounts of retardation at R=0.5 were larger than that at R=0.2. It was found that the retardation in fatigue crack propagation was caused by intact fibers in the wake of crack.ack.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제75권2호
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• pp.247-269
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• 2020

A finite strip formulation was developed for buckling and free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates based on different shear deformation plate theories. The different shear deformation theories such as Zigzag higher order, Refined Plate Theory (RPT) and other higher order plate theories by variation of transverse shear strains through plate thickness in the parabolic form, sine and exponential were adopted here. The two loaded opposite edges of the plate were assumed to be simply supported and remaining edges were assumed to have arbitrary boundary conditions. The polynomial shape functions are applied to assess the in-plane and out-of-plane deflection and rotation of the normal cross-section of plates in the transverse direction. The finite strip procedure based on the virtual work principle was applied to derive the stiffness, geometric and mass matrices. Numerical results were obtained based on various shear deformation plate theories to verify the proposed formulation. The effects of length to thickness ratios, modulus ratios, boundary conditions, the number of layers and fiber orientation of cross-ply and angle-ply laminates were determined. The additional results on the same effects in the interaction of biaxial in-plane loadings on the critical buckling load were determined as well.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.1681-1690
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 유리섬유강화 플라스틱복합재료를 준비하여 이 재료의 섬유방 향에 따른 파괴인성 및 피로 균열성장거동을 평가하였다.

• 한국재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국재료학회 2010년도 춘계학술발표대회
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• pp.38.1-38.1
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• 2010

Nanofibers have a large potential in air filtration applications. In this work, we have developed a photocatalytic polyvinyl alcohol PVA/$TiO_2$ nanofibers membrane for the treatment of air filtration by using electrospinning method. PVA were electrospun into nanofibrous membranes and $TiO_2$ nanoparticles were loaded in PVA nanofibers in various contents from 10% (w/w) to 50% (w/w). The UV-Vis spectra were conducted for testing the existence of $TiO_2$ nanoparticles in PVA fibers. SEM analysis indicated that $TiO_2$ nanoparticles were loaded on the surface of PVA fibers and dispersed linearly along the fiber direction, which originated from the effect of polarization and orientation caused by high electric field. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to determine the crystalline of the membrane. Tensile strength was measured to evaluate the physical properties of the membrane. Therefore, our work suggested that PVA/$TiO_2$ nanofiber membrane has a potential application in air filtration area.

• Composites Research
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.19-27
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• 1999

항공기 비행조종장치의 설계와 구조해석을 위해 카본/에폭시 복합재 적층판에 대한 설계개발시험을 수행하였다. 설계개발시험으로 수분흡수시험, 인장, 압축, 베어링, 접합전단시험을 수행하였다. 수분흡수시험을 수행하여 섬유배양에 따른 흡습거동을 관찰하고, 무흡습과 고온·고습하에서의 기계적 특성치를 비교하였다. 인장시험에서는 복합재의 파손에 영향을 미치는 표면 긁힘, 충격 등의 운용손상 요인을 적용하였고, 베어링시험에서는 볼트의 종류와 결합형태를 달리하여 베어링강도를 비교하였다. 설계개발시험을 통해 환경하중배가계수 및 설계허용치를 획득하였으며, 이를 비행조종장치 구조물의 인증시험에 대한 설계변수로 사용하였다.

• Composites Research
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.65-79
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• 1999

본 논문은 단순지지된 복합재료 사각판과 원통쉘이 결합된 구조물의 자유진동해석을 위한 해석적 방법에 대하여 기술하였다. 결합전 단순지시된 사각판과 원통쉘의 응답을 얻기 위하여 고전적 판이론과 Love의 얇은 쉘이론에 기초한 에너지법을 적용하였다. 결합구조물의 해석에는 동적응답법을 적용하였고, 길이방향 판과 쉘의 결합부에서의 동적 주기 하중과 모멘트는 Dirac 델타 함수와 정현 함수를 사용하였을 때 연속조건을 만족함을 보였다. 또한 원통쉘의 기하하적 매개변수인 쉘의 길이 대 반경비와 반경 대 두께비에 따른 진동특성의 변화를 고찰하였고, 복합재료의 섬유 방향각과 직교이방성 매개변수가 결합 원통쉘의 기본 진동수에 미치는 영향에 미치는 영향에 대하여 연구하였다.