• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.639-644
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• 2005

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the myosin light chain (MLC) isoforms on the muscle fiber characteristics and meat quality traits in porcine longissimus muscle. Pale, soft, exudative (PSE) samples had a lower content of essential light chain (ELC) 1S isoforms and a higher proportion of the fiber type IIB than the reddish-pink, firm, non-exudative (RFN) samples. These compositions suggest that the PSE pork has a higher glycolytic and a lower oxidative capacity than the RFN pork. Therefore, these characteristics of PSE pork might affect the metabolic rate and meat quality traits, including protein solubility. In addition, the indicator traits of the postmortem metabolic rate were related to the ELC 1F/3F ratio ($pH_{45\;min}$: r = -0.43, P < 0.001; R-value: r = 0.53, P < 0.001). These results suggest that the MLC isoform composition can affect the postmortem metabolic rate and meat quality traits.

• 대한화장품학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한화장품학회 2003년도 IFSCC Conference Proceeding Book II
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• pp.218-218
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• 2003

Recently we showed the prototype portable device for the determination of human skin moisture by using near infrared spectroscopy. In order to optimize the acquiring condition of NIR spectrum of skin and control the target information of water depending the site such as epidermis and dermis, skin depth profiling was investigated changing the distance between illuminations and receiving of radiation in the terminal of fiber probe. The colleted light information could be controlled by changing the distance of the fiber optic probes. It was confirmed that the longer distance we used, the deeper site from the skin surface we could get information from in this study. Four kinds of probes with distances such as 0.03 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.5 mm, and 1.0 mm were used. In addition, the gap size from 0.3 mm to 3.0 mm was studied to control the intensity of water absorbance effectively and to avoid saturation of water absorption. We also investigated the reference materials depending the reflectance ratio for water absorption not to be saturated because of the strong absorptivity of water. Furthermore, spectroscopic information regarding free water and bound water around 1850 nm was investigated by using the different distance of fiber optic probes. This study would be great help to control the spectroscopic information of water to be measured depending the site where water exists.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제21권6호
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• pp.669-679
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• 2018

In this paper the behavior of reinforced concrete (RC) beam-column connections under cyclic loading was analyzed. The specimens, manufactured in a reduced-scale were made of (a) recycled aggregate concrete (RAC) by replacing 30% of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) with recycled coarse aggregate (RCA) and (b) RAC incorporating Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fiber i.e., PET fiber-reinforced concrete (PFRC) at the joint region. PET fiber (aspect ratio=25) of 0.5% by weight of concrete used in the PFRC mix was obtained by hand cutting of post-consumer PET bottles. A reference specimen was also prepared using 100% of NCA and subjected to similar loading sequence. Comparing the results the structural behavior under cyclic loading of RAC specimens are quite similar to the reference specimens. Damage tolerance, load resisting capacity, stiffness degradation, ductility, and energy dissipation of the RAC specimens enhanced due to addition of PET fibers at the joint region. PFRC specimens also presented a lower damage indices and higher principal tensile stresses as compared to the RAC specimens. The results obtained gave experimental evidence on the feasibility of RAC for structural use. Using PET fibers as a discrete reinforcement is recommended for improving the seismic performance of RAC specimens.

• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.238-249
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• 2021

In this study, the effect on flame retardancy and various physical properties when TiO₂ was added with a citric acid/phosphate complex acid catalyst together with Pyrovatex CP new (N-methylol dimethylphosphonopropionamide), a phosphorus-based flame retardant, was studied on cotton fibers. SEM-EDS analysis was performed to confirm the surface characteristics and surface element analysis of the flame-retardant treated cotton fibers, and a vertical carbonization test was performed to confirm the char formation capability and flame retardancy according to the phosphoric acid ratio. By comparing the LOI index before and after washing 10 times, the washing durability of the flame retardant solution containing the phosphoric acid catalyst and TiO₂ was tested by LOI index after ten washing cycles. In addition, the influence of the flame-retardant processing on the physical properties were compared including thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), tear strength and whiteness.

• Composites Research
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.215-220
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 적층 패턴이 다른 5가지 섬유금속적층판(Fiber Metal Laminates, FMLs)에 대한 유한요소해석을 수행하여 선행 연구로 수행한 낙추충격시험과의 유사성을 검증하였고, 효과적인 저속 충격 해석 모델을 개발하였다. 또한 동일한 두께를 가지는 연강(mild steel)과 에너지흡수율을 비교하여 Carbon-Steel 섬유금속적층판의 내충격성을 확인하였다. Carbon-Steel 섬유금속적층판은 동일한 두께를 가지는 연강에 비하여 우수한 충격흡수율을 보였으며, 모든 적층 패턴에서 96% 이상의 높은 에너지흡수율 갖는 것을 확인하였다. 본 연구에서 제시한 저속 충격 해석 모델은 복합형상 및 자동차 구조체 연구에 효과적으로 적용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2007

CFS로 둘러싸서 외부에서 구속하는 방법은 정적 혹은 지진하중을 받는 철근콘크리트 기둥을 보강하는데 매우 효과적이다. 이러한 CFS 보강법의 신뢰성 있고 경제적인 설계를 위해서는 정확한 CFS 구속콘크리트의 응력-변형률 관계를 파악하는 것이 필요하게 된다. 본 연구에서는 원형단면을 갖는 단주 RC 기둥에 대해서 일축압축 실험을 실시하였다. CFS 면적비, 나선철근 면적비, 그리고 콘크리트 압축강도가 CFS로 구속된 콘크리트의 응력-변형률관계에 대한 영향을 평가하기 위한 실험변수로서 고려되었다. 기둥을 CFS로 횡보강함으로서 콘크리트의 강도 및 연성이 크게 증가되었다. 또한, 나선철근이 배근된 실험체의 강도증가율은 CFS만으로 횡보강된 실험체보다 횡보강성능이 크고 작게 나타났다.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.671-680
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• 2011

In this study, frying mix was prepared containing 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 or 2.0% brown rice fiber(BRF). The samples along with a control were then compared regarding their quality characteristics, including pasting properties, spreadability, pick-up ratio, color, textural characteristics, moisture and oil contents, and sensory qualities, all to determine the optimal ratio of BRF. For the pasting properties of frying mix, the control group was evidenced by a significantly higher peak viscosity, through viscosity, and final viscosity than that observed in the BRF samples. Breakdown was the highest at the 1.0% addition level, and time to peak viscosity and pasting temperature were maximal with the 0.5% addition. There was no significant difference in setback among the experiments. Spreadability and pick-up ratio of frying batter were not significantly different among the samples. As the BRF content increased, the lightness, greenness decreased, whereas yellowness increased. The BRF samples presented significantly higher hardness of fried batter than the control group and there was no significant difference in crispiness among the samples. Moisture content of fried sweet potato decreased with increasing BRF and oil content was the maximum on the control group. In the sensory evaluation, appearance, color, flavor, savory taste, yellowishness, coating thickness, off-flavor, and oiliness were not significantly different among the fried sweet potato samples. Bindingness, crispiness, and chewiness were highest in the control samples but minimal at a addition level of 2.0%. The control group evidenced significantly higher overall acceptability than were observed in the BRF samples. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that 0.5~1.0% BRF may prove quite useful as a additive for frying mix in the preparation of fried sweet potato and may provide favorable textural and functional properties.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제23권7호
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• pp.492-503
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• 1990

This study was performed to investigate nutritional effect of various dietary fibers on lead absorption, and protein and lipid metabolisms in growing rats. Sixty male rats of Sprague-Dawley strain weighing 140$\pm$1.1g were blocked into 10 groups according to body weight and fed 10 kinds of diet different with fiber sources [non-fiber, cellulose, pectin, guar gum or carboxymethylcellulose(CMC)] and lead levels (0 or 1%) for 4 weeks. Results were summerized as follows : 1) Food intake, weight gain, FER and PER were remarkably decreased in lead(Pb)-added groups. Weight gain, FER and PER in Pb-added pectin group were significantly lower than those in Pb-added non-fiber group. 2) Liver and kidney weights, femur weight and length, hematocrit and hemoglobin content were decreased in Pb-added groups. Especially femur and liver weights in pectin groups were the lowest among groups. 3) Total protein content in serum was significantly decreased in Pb-added groups but was not different with dietary fiber sources. Total lipid content in serum was not different with dietary Pb levels and fiber sources, but cholesterol content in serum of guar gum group was significantly decreased by Pb addition. 4) Nitrogen, lipid and cholesteol contents in liver were significantly decreased in Pb-added groups, and lipid content in liver of pectin and CMC groups was lower than other groups. 5) Daily urinary and fecal excretions of nitrogen, kipid and cholesterol were decreased in Pb-added groups, and fecal nitrogen was significantly increased in Pb-added groups, and fecal nitrogen of cellulose and guar gum groups was significantly higher than other groups. Fecal excretions of lipid and cholesterol were increased by dietary fibers, and especially fecal lipid was remarkably increased in pectin and guar hum group. 6) Pb contents in liver and femur were decreased by dietary fibers. Especially Pb contents in liver, kidney and femur were significantly decreased in guar gum group. 7) Daily urinary and fecal excretions of Pb were significantly increased in cellulose and guar gum groups, and fecla excretion of Pb in guar gum group was twice of non-fiber group. Pb absorption ratio was significantly decreased in guar gum group. In conclusion, dietary fibers have effect on protein and lipid metabolisms, and decreased intestinal absorption of Pb by increasing fecal excretion. But the degree of effect was different with dietary fiber sources.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제57권3호
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• pp.282-291
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• 2024

Purpose: Korean patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and obesity are at a high risk of developing severe non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). This study examined the dietary intakes and compared the risks of NAFLD-related complications in Korean patients with T2DM and obesity. Methods: Data from the Korean National Diabetes Program cohort were used to study patients with T2DM. Two hundred and sixty-five obese patients with T2DM (body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m²) were classified into NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups. The nutrient intake was analyzed using a 24-hour dietary recall questionnaire. Anthropometric and biochemical data were also obtained. Statistical analyses were performed to determine the significant differences between the 2 groups. Results: The serum gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase levels in obese patients with T2DM and NAFLD were significantly higher than in obese T2DM patients without NAFLD (p < 0.05). The serum glucose and lipid profiles showed no significant differences between the NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups. The carbohydrate, protein, and fat levels also did not differ significantly. The results showed that the fiber intake of the NAFLD and non-NAFLD groups was 14.11 ± 3.86 g/100 kcal and 15.70 ± 4.56 g/1,000 kcal, respectively, showing that the dietary fiber intake of the non-NAFLD group was significantly higher (p < 0.05). A correlation was observed between total fiber intake and γ-glutamyl transpeptidase in either patient group. In addition, the odds ratio of developing NAFLD was 0.29× lower when the fiber was consumed at 125% of adequate intake. Conclusions: A higher dietary fiber intake may reduce the risk of NAFLD in obese patients with T2DM. The dietary intake of Korean obese patients with T2DM should include and be enriched in dietary fiber to aid in preventing and treating NAFLD.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.235-241
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the characteristics of nutrient removal of municipal wastewater in the submerged membrane bioreactor by addition of alum directly into aerobic tank. Membrane bioreactor consists of three reactors such as two intermittent anaerobic tanks and the aerobic tank with hollow fiber membrane. The removal efficiencies of $COD_{cr}$, BOD, SS, TN and TP on the membrane bioreactor were 94.0%, 99.1%, 99.9%, 66.9%, and 58.9%, respectively. In addition, The removal efficiencies of $COD_{cr}$, BOD, SS, TN and TP on the membrane bioreactor with alum addition were 93.4%, 99.0%, 99.9%, 63.2%, and 96.8%, respectively. There was little difference between them on the nutrient removal efficiencies except phophorus removal. The estimated sludge production, specific denitrification rate, specific nitrification rate and phosphorus removal content on the membrane bioreactor were 1.76 kgTSS/d, $0.055mgNO_3-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, $0.031mgNH_4-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, and 0.095 kgP/d, respectively. And The estimated sludge production, specific denitrification rate, specific nitrification rate and phosphorus removal content on the membrane bioreactor with alum addition were 2.90 kgTSS/d, $0.049mgNO_3-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, $0.030mgNH_4-N/mgVSS{\cdot}d$, and 0.160 kgP/d, respectively. The alum content added was 1.7 molAl/molP on an average. The increasing ratio of tran-membrane pressure on the membrane bioreactor was $0.0056kgf/cm^2{\cdot}compared$ to $0.0033kgf/cm^2{\cdot}d$ on the membrane bioreactor with alum addition. There was a slightly reduction effect on membrane fouling by alum addition.