• 한국염색가공학회지
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• 제31권4호
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• pp.268-275
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• 2019

In this study, silk fabrics was dyed with sappan wood extracts fermented for 5 and 15 days, respectively, and then the dyeability, durability and the functionality of the dyed silk were investigated. Before dyeing, the silk was pretreated with chitosan-acetic acid solution or chitosan acetic acid and illite blend solution. Thereafter, UV-Visible transmittance, color, fastness, antimicrobial activity, and the FIR emissivity were analyzed. As a result, the K/S value was higher in the samples that were not pre-treated or fermented. Regardless of fermentation, the lightfastness was not significantly different. The color fastness to washing was slightly better when the samples were pretreated with chitosan-acetic acid and illite, and then dyed with extracts fermented 5 days. In addition, all samples showed high antimicrobial activity of 99.9%, regardless of the fermentation. Far-infrared emissivity was confirmed to be slightly increased by the illite and chitosan-acetic acid solution treatment compared to the untreated sample.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2018

Garlic is a medicinal plant used throughout the world for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiplatelet activities. Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide obtained from chitin, and derivatives of chitosan have been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion. We hypothesized that fermented preparations of these products may possess stronger antiplatelet effects than the non-fermented forms owing to the increased bioavailability of the bioactive compounds produced during fermentation. Therefore, we compared these compounds via in vitro and ex vivo platelet aggregation assays by using standard light transmission aggregometry and ex vivo granule secretions from rat platelets. We found that fermented preparations exerted more potent and significant inhibition of platelet aggregation both in vitro and ex vivo. Likewise, ATP release from dense granules of platelets was also significantly inhibited in fermented preparation-treated rat platelets compared to that in non-fermented preparation-treated ones. We concluded that fermented preparations exerted more potent effects on platelet function both in vitro and ex vivo, possibly as a result of the increased bioavailability of active compounds produced during fermentation. We therefore suggest that fermented products may be potent therapeutics against platelet-related CVDs and can be used as antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제31권2호
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• pp.558-563
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• 1999

반응표면분석에 의하여 chitosan 제조조건에 따른 chtosan의 이화학적 특성을 모니터링하였다. 탈아세틸화도는 NaOH 농도가 증가함에 따라 급격히 감소하였다. Chitosan의 용해도는 NaOH 농도가 51%에서 가장 높았으며, 탈아세틸화 온도 및 시간은 각각 $109^{\circ}C$, 123분에서 가장 높았다. Chitosan의 점도에 대한 탈아세틸화 조건의 영향은 NaOH농도의 영향을 주로 받고 있었다. Chitin의 탈아세틸화에 따른 chitosan의 최적 제조조건범위는 NaOH 농도$(52{\sim}54%)$, 탈아세틸화 온도$(100{\sim}115^{\circ}C)$ 및 탈아세틸화 시간$(100{\sim}140\;min)$이었다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.280-284
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• 2018

The incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is increasing rapidly in developed countries, with CVDs now representing the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Natural products and ethnomedicines have been shown to reduce the risk of CVDs. Garlic is a medicinal plant used throughout the world for its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antiplatelet activities. Chitosan is a natural polysaccharide obtained from chitin, and derivatives of chitosan have been shown to inhibit platelet aggregation and adhesion. We hypothesized that fermented preparations of these products may possess stronger antiplatelet effects than the non-fermented forms owing to the increased bioavailability of the bioactive compounds produced during fermentation. Therefore, we compared these compounds via in vitro and ex vivo platelet aggregation assays by using standard light transmission aggregometry and ex vivo granule secretions from rat platelets. We found that fermented preparations exerted more potent and significant inhibition of platelet aggregation both in vitro and ex vivo. Likewise, ATP release from dense granules of platelets was also significantly inhibited in fermented preparation-treated rat platelets compared to that in non-fermented preparation-treated ones. We concluded that fermented preparations exerted more potent effects on platelet function both in vitro and ex vivo, possibly as a result of the increased bioavailability of active compounds produced during fermentation. We therefore suggest that fermented products may be potent therapeutics against platelet-related CVDs and can be used as antiplatelet and antithrombotic agents.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.309-315
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• 1995

새우젓과 멸치젓 그리고 키토산을 첨가하여 김치를 제조하고 김치의 숙성과정 중 pH와 산도, 조직감의 변화 및 pectin 질의 변화를 알아보았으며 또한 젓갈, chitosan을 첨가한 김치에 대한 관능 평가를 실시한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. 김치의 숙성과정 중 pH는 감소하였으며 멸치젓 첨가군 새우젓 첨가군 대조군 키토산 첨가군의 순서로 감소하였다. 산도는 대조군이 숙성초기 0.28%에서 숙성말기 0.97%로 증가하였으며 멸치젓 첨가군은 0.27%에서 1.06%로, 새우젓 첨가군은 0.27%에서 1.03%로, 키토산첨가군은 0.26%에서 0.79%로 증가하였으며 멸치젓 첨가군 새우젓 첨가군 대조군 키호산 첨가군의 순서로 증가하였다. 2. 압착 시험에 의한 김치의 조직감 변화에서 압착변형력은 김치의 숙성과정 중 대조군은 5.0kg~l.6kg로 멸치젓 첨가군은 6.0kg~l.4kg로, 새우젓 첨가군은 6.5kg~l.5kg로, 키토산 첨가군은 6.0 kg~2.5kg의 범위로 감소하였으며 멸치젓 첨가군 새우젓 첨가군 대조군 키토산 첨가군의 순서로 감소하였다. 3. 배추의 AIS로 부터 펙틴을 추출하여 HWSP, HXSP, HCISP로 분획한 함량비는 HWSP는 대조군, 새우젓 첨가군, 멸치젓 첨가군 순으로 숙성과정 중 증가하는 경향을 보였으나 키토산 첨가군은 소량 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. HXSP는 모든 첨가군에서 모두 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. HCISP는 멸치젓 첨가군, 새우젓 첨가군, 대조군 순서로 감소하였다. 이와는 달리 키토산 첨가군은 증가하는 경향을 나타내었다. 4. 김치의 조직감 함수에 관한 관능 검사를 실시한 결과 숙성 3일과 5 일에 hardness, crispness와 chewiness는 키토산 첨가군이 다른 첨가군들 보다 높은 점수를 얻었다. 또한 김치의 pH, 산도, 압착변형력과 김치의 조직감 함수에 대한 관능 검사 결과 가장 높은 상관관계를 나타낸 조직감 수는 crispness이었다. 로부터 PH와 압착변형력은 crispness와 양의 상관관계를 나타내었으며 산도와 crispness와는 음의 상관관계를 나타내었다. 이상의 결과로부터 chitosan의 첨가는 김치의 숙성과정 중 압착변형력을 증가시킨 것으로 나타났다. 또한 펙틴질의 분포에 영향을 주어 HWSP는 감소하고 HXSP는 증가하였으며 HCISP는 감소시킴 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.96-100
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• 1997

식빵을 직접반죽법에 따라 제조하면서 원료의 혼합공정에 carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC)를 처리하여 제품의 품질수명을 연장시키는데 미치는 영향요인 중 노화도, 항균성 및 관능적 특성, 수분활성도를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같았다. CMC로 처리한 처리구 C-I과 C-II는 대조구 C-0에 비하여 노화가 지연되었으며, 특히 빵의 저장 중 부패의 원인이 되는 Aspergillus, Penicillium 등과 같은 곰팡이의 생육을 억제시켰다. 또한 평점법에 따라 관능검사를 실시한 결과 향, 이취, 전체적인 기호도는 저장기간동안 유의적인 차이를 나타내지 않았으나, 조직감은 C-0와 C-II 처리구 간에는 5%수준에서 유의적인 차이를 보였다.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.353-357
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• 1994

The aim of the present study was to investigate the characteristics of chitin and chitosan derived from Caridina japonica (CJ) which is using as one of fermented products in the chonnam province of Korea. Percent of chitin produced from CJ was 9.6 $\pm$0.2%. Percent of chitosan derived from chitin was 72.5$\pm$3.6% . Viscosities of chitin and chitosan were 94.4 and 96.7 cps. Molecular weight of them were 4,398,900 and 4,101.100 , respectively. Percents of protein bound to chitin and chitosan were 2.7% and 2.6%, respectively.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제16권5호
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• pp.706-713
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• 2003

Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the efficacy of dietary FERMKIT, a commercial toxin binder consisting of probiotic-fermented natural product containing chitin, chitosan and chitosan oligosaccharides ($FERMKITO^{(R)}$, EASY-BIO SYSTEM, Inc., Korea), in binding aflatoxin (AF) and zearalenone (ZEN) and ameliorating their mycotoxicity in meat type ducks. FERMKIT was supplemented to AF contaminated diets (at 120 ppb) at either 0.3 or 0.6% in experiment 1 and to ZEN contaminated diets (at 150 ppb) at 0.6% in experiment 2. In experiment 1 body weight gains were reduced by 37% and mortality was increased by 18% in ducks fed diet contaminated with AF at 120 ppb compared to ducks fed control diet (<10 ppb AF) for the 4-wk experimental period. However, dietary FERMKIT supplementation effectively alleviated overall toxicity induced by AF. The significant treatment-related changes in feather growth, web-toe hemorrhage, leg deformity, liver paleness, organ weights, hematological values and serum biochemical values, as compared to the control, were observed. The FERMKIT supplementation significantly diminished the adverse effects of AF and restored all the parameters measured back (<0.05) toward the control values. These findings indicated that FERMKIT, when added at the levels of 0.3 or 0.6% in the 120 ppb AF diets, could modulate the toxicity of AF with percentage sorption capacity of 52.70% at the level 0.3% and 79.85% at the level 0.6% of the diets (experiment 1). In experiment 2, FERMKIT, when added at 0.6% to the 150 ppb ZEN diets for the 4-wk experimental period, diminished the toxicity as shown by body weight gain, weights of testicles, oviducts, Bursa of Fabricius and cloaca eversion score as compared with the controls (<10 ppb ZEN) and 150 ppb ZEN diet with no added FERMKIT. The findings indicated that FERMKIT could be protective against the effects of ZEN in young growing ducks with percentage sorption capacity of 67.11% as evaluated from toxicity index parameter measured when added at 0.6% of the diets containing 150 ppb ZEN.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.157-169
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• 2020

Two lactic acid bacteria (LAB) designated J02 and J13 were recovered from fermented vegetables based on their ability to suppress soft rot disease caused by Pectobacterium carotovorum subsp. carotovorum (Pcc) on radish. J02 and J13 were identified as Lactobacillus pentosus and Leuconostoc fallax, respectively. The ability of J02 and J13 to suppress plant diseases is highly dependent on chitosan. LAB alone has no effect and chitosan alone has only a moderate effect on disease reduction. However, J02 or J13 broth cultures plus chitosan display a strong inhibitory effect against plant pathogens and significantly reduces disease severity. LAB strains after being cultured in fish surimi (agricultural waste) and glycerol or sucrose-containing medium and mixed with chitosan, reduce three cruciferous vegetable diseases, including cabbage black spot caused by Alternaria brassicicola, black rot caused by Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, and soft rot caused by Pcc. Experimental trials reveal that multiple applications are more effective than a single application. In-vitro assays also reveal the J02/chitosan mixture is antagonistic against Colletotrichum higginsianum, Sclerotium rolfsii, and Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. rapae, indicating a broad-spectrum activity of LAB/chitosan. Overall, our results indicate that a synergistic combination of LAB and chitosan offers a promising approach to biocontrol.

• 한국식품조리과학회지
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• 제18권6호
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• pp.586-592
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the quality characteristics of Jeung-Pyhn by the addition of chitosan-oligosaccharide (COS, Chitoligo-L). Jeung-Pyun is a traditional Korean fermented rice cake leavened by yeast. To develop a functional Jeung-Pyun, COS was added to the rice at the levels of 0, 2, 4 and 6% of the 2-hour-soaked rice. Physicochemical, sensory, rheological and inner structure characteristics of Jeung-Pyun were examined. The pH values of COS Jeung-Pyun batters were decreased with fermentation time. In sensory evaluation, the uniformity of the grain and overall quality of Jeung-Pyun added with 2% COS had the highest score among the samples. In He rheological properties measured with rheometer, the hardness of Jeung-Pyun with COS was higher than control. Cohesiveness of Jeung-Pyun added with 4% COS and gumminess, brittleness and springiness of Jeung-Pyun added with 2% COS were the highest among the samples. The inner structure observed by scanning electron microscope showed that Jeung-Pyun added with 2% COS had the largest and the most uniform air cells. In conclusion, Jeung-Pyun with 2% COS had positive effects on the qualify of Jeung-Pyun.