• Mycobiology
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.171-179
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• 2016

In the screening of marine mangrove derived fungi for lovastatin productivity, endophytic Aspergillus luchuensis MERV10 exhibited the highest lovastatin productivity (9.5 mg/gds) in solid state fermentation (SSF) using rice bran. Aspergillus luchuensis MERV10 was used as the parental strain in which to induce genetic variabilities after application of different mixtures as well as doses of mutagens followed by three successive rounds of genome shuffling. Four potent mutants, UN6, UN28, NE11, and NE23, with lovastatin productivity equal to 2.0-, 2.11-, 1.95-, and 2.11-fold higher than the parental strain, respectively, were applied for three rounds of genome shuffling as the initial mutants. Four hereditarily stable recombinants (F3/3, F3/7, F3/9, and F3/13) were obtained with lovastatin productivity equal to 50.8, 57.0, 49.7, and 51.0 mg/gds, respectively. Recombinant strain F3/7 yielded 57.0 mg/gds of lovastatin, which is 6-fold and 2.85-fold higher, respectively, than the initial parental strain and the highest mutants UN28 and NE23. It was therefore selected for the optimization of lovastatin production through improvement of SSF parameters. Lovastatin productivity was increased 32-fold through strain improvement methods, including mutations and three successive rounds of genome shuffling followed by optimizing SSF factors.

• Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.66-70
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• 1997

A mixed-culture of Gluconobacter suboxydans IFO 3172 and Saccharomyces uvarum IFO 0751 was per-formed in a synthetic medium. the optimal inculum ratio of G. suboydans and S. uvarum for mixed-culture fermentation was 150:1. The optimum pH, incubation temperature and aeration rate for mixed-culture fer- mentation were 5.0, 3$0^{\circ}C$ and 2.25vvm, reapectively. As a result of batch pure-and mixed-culture fer-mentation, specific growth rate in pure-culture of both strain was lower than that in mixed-culture. The yield of cell mass from S. uvarum exclusively decreased. The growth rate of the mixed-culture was very similar to the pure-culture in the begining of culture, but it has been decreased after 16hrs. In the mean time, S. uvarum in mixed-culture fermentation could grow due to fructose converted, but it could not row in pure-culture fermentation. Thus, the relationship was a sort of commensalism. The kinetic parameters cal-culated through steady-state results during continuous fermentations are as follows :{TEX}$$\mu$_{max1}${/TEX}=0.118({TEX}$h^{-1}${/TEX}), {TEX}$Ks_{1}${/TEX}=0.330(g/L),:{TEX}$$\mu$_{max2}${/TEX}=0.162({TEX}$h^{-1}${/TEX}), {TEX}$Ks_{2}${/TEX}=0.038(g/L). The yield of bacterial cell mass relatively constant, but yield of yest cell mass was gradually decreased.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.665-672
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• 2004

D-Ribose is a five-carbon sugar used for the commercial synthesis of riboflavin, antiviral agents, and flavor enhancers. Batch fermentations with transketolase-deficient B. subtilis JY1 were carried out to optimize the production of D-ribose from xylose. The best results for the fermentation were obtained with a temperature of $37^{\circ}C$ and an initial pH of 7.0. Among various sugars and sugar alcohols tested, glucose and sucrose were found to be the most effective for both cell growth and D-ribose production. The addition of 15 g/l xylose and 15 g/l glucose improved the fermentation performance, presumably due to the adequate supply of ATP in the xylose metabolism from D-xylulose to D-xylulose-5-phosphate. A batch culture in a 3.7-1 jar fermentor with 14.9 g/l xylose and 13.1 g/l glucose resulted in 10.1 g/l D-ribose concentration with a yield of 0.62 g D-ribose/g sugar consumed, and 0.25 g/l-h of productivity. Furthermore, the sugar utilization profile, indicating the simultaneous consumption of xylose and glucose, and respiratory parameters for the glucose and sucrose media suggested that the transketolase-deficient B. subtilis JY1 lost the glucose-specific enzyme II of the phosphoenolpyruvate transferase system.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.5 no.5
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• pp.292-296
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• 1995

Production of poly($\beta$-hydroxybutyrate-co-$\beta$-hydroxyvalerate)[poly(HB-co-HV) from glucose and propionic acid was studied in a two-stage fed-batch fermentation using Alcaligenes eutrophus NCIMB 11599. When either glucose became sufficient or the feeding rate of propionic acid decreased, production of poly(HB-co-HV) increased but concomitantly resulted in a reduced fraction of HV. During the copolymer accumulation stage, the specific production rate of hydroxyvalerate (HV) increased up to 0.013 (g-HV/g-RCM/h) but it decreased as propionic acid was accumulated. Control of the propionic acid concentration in the medium, therefore, is considered to be one of the most important operating parameters for production of poly(HB-co-HV) with a higher HV fraction. A high titre of poly(HB-co-HV) (85.6 g/I) with HV fraction of 11.4 mol$%$ could be obtained in 50 h by controlling the propionic acid concentration at 1 to 4 g/I.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.10 no.2
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• pp.115-121
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• 2005

Using a general Saccharomyces cerevisiae as a model strain, continuous ethanol fermentation was carried out in a stirred tank bioreactor with a working volume of 1,500 mL. Three different gravity media containing glucose of 120, 200 and 280 g/L, respectively, supplemented with 5 g/L yeast extract and 3 g/L peptone, were fed into the fermentor at different dilution rates. Although complete steady states developed for low gravity medium containing 120 g/L glucose, quasi-steady states and oscillations of the fermented parameters, including residual glucose, ethanol and biomass were observed when high gravity medium containing 200 g/L glucose and very high gravity medium containing 280 g/L glucose were fed at the designated dilution rate of $0.027\;h^{-1}$. The observed quasi-steady states that incorporated these steady states, quasi-steady states and oscillations were proposed as these oscillations were of relatively short periods of time and their averages fluctuated up and down almost symmetrically. The continuous kinetic models that combined both the substrate and product inhibitions were developed and correlated for these observed quasi-steady states.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.57 no.3
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• pp.197-203
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• 2014

Various parameters such as solvent selection, concentration, solid/liquid ratio, soaking time, temperature, stationary, shaking conditions, and repeated extractions were investigated in order to determine the optimum extraction conditions of ${\beta}$-glucosidase from bagasse fermented by mixed culture of Aspergillus niger NRC 7A and Aspergillus oryzae NRRL 447. Among various solvents tested, non ionic detergents gave the best results than the inorganic or organic salt solutions and distilled water. The optimum conditions for extraction of ${\beta}$-glucosidase were 30 min soaking time at $40^{\circ}C$ under shaking condition at 150 rpm, with solid/liquid ratio 1:15 (w/v), which yielded $2882.74{\pm}95.52U/g$ fermented culture (g fc) of enzyme activity. With repeated washes under the above optimum conditions, the results showed that enzyme extracted in the $1^{st}$ and $2^{nd}$ washes represents about 90% of the total activity.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.57-61
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• 1989

The feasibility of separating Pichia stipitis from a fermentation broth using a hollow fiber membrane was evaluated. The permeate flux was affected by such parameters as cell concentration, pH, content of antifoam agents, suction pressure, and recirculation rate. A minor effect of temperature on the flux loss was also observed. A microcomputer-aided backflush was proven effective in alleviating membrane fouling and allowing long term separation of P. stipitis from a fermentation broth.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1989.10a
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• pp.790-794
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• 1989

A novel control method involving an automatic tuning of digital PID controller parameters has been developed for better regulation of DO (dissolved oxygen) concentration in batch fermentation processes. Heuristic reasoning allows the PID controller to reach improved tuning decisions based upon the supervision of certain control performance indices in the same cognitive manner as in an expert control.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.17 no.5
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• pp.643-647
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• 2004

An in vitro experiment was carried out to investigate effects of solid associated (SAB) and liquid associated bacteria (LAB) and the type of incubation substrate on ruminal fermentation and gas production profiles. Bacterial fraction did not influence total numbers of bacteria. Gas production degradation parameters were significantly influenced by bacterial fraction and type of substrate (p<0.05). There was significant interaction between bacterial fraction and type of substrate in gas production (p<0.01). Total VFA concentration and acetic and propionic acid ratio were also influenced by bacterial fraction and type of substrate with little differences in individual VFA concentration.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.46-50
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• 1993

In 12:12 hour light/dark cycle cultivation of D. salina 1650, maximum specific growth rate of 0.59 (l/day) and 0.35 (g-crude hydrocarbons/l/day) were obtained. The cell growth was inhibited at above 15$\times$$10^{-4} (kcal/cm^2/h)$ of light intensity in an outdoor cultivation. It was also showed that temperature is one of the critical growth parameters in the outdoor cultivation. The hydrocarbon production from D. salina 1650 seems to be partially growth related production process, and these algal hydrocarbons can be used for subsituting petroleum directly or through cracking processes. The value of weight fraction carbon of D. salina 1650 was similar to that of Botryococcus braunii and so was the hydrocarbon productivity.