• 헤리티지:역사와 과학
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• 제56권4호
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• pp.230-246
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• 2023

청동기시대(靑銅器時代)부터 나타나기 시작하여 인류역사상 가장 오래된 방어시설로 추정되고 있는 목책(木柵)은 조선시대 임진왜란(壬辰倭亂) 이후까지 군사적인 방어기능을 더욱 강화하기 위한 목적으로 성(城)이나 병영(兵營) 외부에 설치되는 성책(城柵), 영책(營柵)의 개념으로 정립되면서 방어를 위한 필수시설로서 중요성이 더욱 부각되었다. 본 연구는 『조선왕조실록(朝鮮王朝實錄)』, 『신증동국여지승람(新增東國輿地勝覽)』 등 문헌조사를 중심으로 조선시대 관방시설로 이용되었던 목책을 연구한 결과로, 녹각성(鹿角城)과 수중목책(水中木柵)의 용도와 기능 그리고 설치 방법 그리고 목책의 소재 등을 집중적으로 고찰하였다. 본 연구의 결론은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 여말선초 외적의 침략이 빈번해짐에 따라 목책은 주요 성외 방어시설(防禦施設)로써 큰 역할을 담당하게 되었다. 또한, 목책은 당시의 시대적 상황이나 관방정책, 입지 환경에 따라 목책성, 녹각성 그리고 수중목책 등 다양한 유형으로 변용(變容)되어 설치되었다. 둘째, 목책은 요충지(要衝地)의 산성(山城)이나 영(營), 진(鎭), 보(堡), 성(城) 등 군사적 목적의 관방시설(關防施設)에 설치되었으며, 유사시 방어의 시급성에 따라 농번기(農繁期)를 피해 인력의 동원이 수월한 농한기(農閑期)에 맞춰 설치되었다. 문헌 기록을 통해 확인되는 조선시대 목책의 규모는 포백척(布帛尺)으로 환산한 결과 그 둘레가 4,428척(2,066m)부터 55척(25m)까지 매우 다양한 규모였다. 또한, 목책의 재료는 소나무와 참나무류가 주로 사용되었다. 셋째, 녹각성은 일반적인 목책보다 공격성을 겸비한 효율적인 전투 지원시설로, 『조선왕조실록』에 나타난 녹각성기록은 세종대에 20회로 가장 많은 기록이 나타났다. 지역별로는 4군 6진 지역인 평안·함길도(12) 등 변방(邊防) 험지(險地)에 주로 설치된 것으로 나타났다. 넷째, 15세기 초반 조정에서 남해안 연해지역(沿海地域)의 해상 방어 전략을 수립하게 되면서부터 1510년 삼포왜란(三浦倭亂) 이후 본격적으로 읍성(邑城)을 비롯한 주요 치소(治所)나 진, 보 등 여러 관방시설 주변에 왜적의 병선(兵船)을 저지하기 위한 방어시설로서 수중목책의 설치가 급격히 증가하였다. 다섯째, 삼포왜란을 전후한 15세기부터 17세기 사이 남해안과 강화도에 수중목책이 설치되었다. 특히 15세기에 제포와 같은 경남 해안 요해처(要害處)에 수중목책이 집중적으로 설치되었다. 수중목책의 재료는 소나무와 참나무류가 주종을 이루지만 이 밖에도 합다리나무, 서어나무류, 칠덩굴도 목책의 소재로 활용되었다.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회B
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• pp.2567-2572
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• 2007

The suppression of fluid force acting on a square prism near plane wall was studied by attaching fences on the corners of the prism. The height of the fence was 10% of the square width and the range of Reynolds number considered was Re=$2.0{\times}10^4$. The experimental parameters were the attaching position and numbers of fences, the space ratios G/B(G/B=0.1${\sim}$1.2) between prism and plane wall. The average drag coefficients were increased and the average lift coefficients were decreased and increased with the space ratios toward plane wall. The drag of the prism was reduced average 7.6% with the space ratios by attaching the normal fence at the rear and upper corner and the horizontal normal fence at the rear and lower corner on the prism. In this case, the separated flow at the front and upper corner was reattached on the upper side of the prism and the vortex streets between the prism and plane wall were appeared more slowly than that of prism without fences.

• 농촌계획
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.51-61
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• 2007

The purpose of this paper is to estimate the economic value of Multi-functionality Roles including landscape and so on, which traditional stone fences in Korea possess, using Dichotomous Choice Contingent Valuation Method (DC-CVM). The stone fences is life cultural heritance of regional residents. It has functions like Development of Favorable Landscapes, Maintenance of Cultural Heritage, and Recreation/Relaxation. Expectation from regional visitors shows that the existence and inheritance value of the stone wall is higher then we expected. According to the research that we had done from the people that had agreed to contribute the stone wall. moreover the public commercial value of regional tradition stone was not only 2,900 billion won but also it will increase an economic gain in every year. Therefore, preserving the stone wall that has Multi-functional Roles and values can lead to huge economic value in the future. But farmhouses in the stone wall conservation area are being supported 9 billion won in every year. This is only 0.03% of the income that farmhouse earns per year. Thus, stone wall preservation policy and plan can raise green-tour commercial value of inland area as a long-term inside measurement. Those will have to be propelled continuously.

• International Journal of Aeronautical and Space Sciences
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2016

The passive control methods such as horizontal and vertical fences on the lower surface of the bluff body were applied to suppress the vortex shedding and enhance the aerodynamic stability of flow. For investigating the effects of the passive control methods, wind tunnel experiments on the unsteady flow field around a bluff body near a moving ground were performed. The boundary layer and velocity profiles were measured by the Hot Wire Anemometer (HWA) system and the vortex shedding patterns and flow structures in a wake region were visualized via the Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) system. Also, it is a measuring on moving ground condition that the experimental values of the critical gap distances, Strouhal numbers and aerodynamic force FFT analyses. Through the experiments, we found that the momentum supply due to moving ground caused the vortex shedding at the lower critical gap distance rather than that of fixed ground. The horizontal and vertical fences increase the critical gap distance and it can suppress the vortex shedding. Consequently, the stability characteristics of the bluff body near a moving ground could be effectively enhanced by the simple passive control such as the vertical fences.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제22권7호
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• pp.915-926
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• 1998

Velocity fields of near turbulent was behind a porous wind fence were measured using the 2-frame PTV method in a circulating water channel. The fences used in this study had different geometric porosity(.epsilon.) of 0, 20, 40 and 65%. The fence was embedded in a thin laminar boundary layer, i.e., .delta./H ~ = 0.1. Reynolds number based on the fence height H and free stream velocity(U$\_$o/) was about 8,400. As a result, a recirculating flow region was formed behind the fence for the .epsilon.=0% and 20% wind fence. For the wind fences having porosity larger than .epsilon.=40%, it was difficult to see separation bubbles behind the fence. The .epsilon.=20% porous fence reveals the maximum velocity reduction, however, the turbulent intensity and Reynolds shear stress are much greater than those of .epsilon.=40% fence. Among the wind fence tested in this study, the porous wind fence of .epsilon.=40% porosity is the most effective for abating wind erosion.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.43-50
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• 2002

The purpose of this study is to find the types and symbolic meanings of the pattern shown in the Korean traditional houses. The major findings were as follows, 1) The patterns shown in the Korean traditional houses are classified into the types of the animal, plant, good-luck geometry according to the Motifes 2) The patterns of the Korean traditional houses were expressed in the fences, gates, chimneies, walls, windows and doors, railings, roofs. 3) Korean traditional patterns are expressed the meanings of the protection, long life, good-luck, good meaning, decoration in the fences, gates, chimneies, walls, windows and doors, railings, roofs.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.87-98
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• 2000

This study derives problems of external space utilization site from on-site observation and questionnaire survey in order to suggest solutions for the problems. The main results are follows. First, fences as visual boundaries of apartment site play some negative roles - separation of space and heterogeneity of circumstance. This study suggests green fences to cure this problem. Second, residents want to change space use - ground to be used as green space or space for relaxation in stead of parking lots, elevator hall as social space, and underground as bike parks or health centers. Third, rooftop space, used as empty space or machine storage space, should be designed to be utilized as relaxation space by making easy to enter and exit.

• 한국마린엔지니어링학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국마린엔지니어링학회 2006년도 전기학술대회논문집
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• pp.61-62
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• 2006

The suppression of fluid force acting on a square prism near plane wall was studied by attaching fences on the comers of the prism. The height of the fence was 10% of the square width and the range of Reynolds number considered was $Re=2.0{\times}10^4$. The experimental parameters were the attaching position and numbers of fences, the space ratios $G/B(G/B=0.1{\sim}1.2)$ between prism and plane wall. The average drag coefficients were increased and the average hit coefficients were decreased and increased with the space ratios foulard plane wall. The drag of the prism was reduced average 7.6% with the space ratios by attaching the normal fence at the rear and upper comer and the horizontal normal fence at the rear and lower corner on the prism.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.740-745
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• 2000

Effects of porous fences on the wind erosion of sand particles from a triangular pile were investigated experimentally. The porous fence and sand pile were installed in a simulated atmospheric boundary layer. The mean velocity and turbulent intensity profiles measured at the sand pile location were well fitted to the atmospheric boundary layer over the open terrain. Particle motion was visualized to see the motion of windblown sand particles qualitatively. In addition, the threshold velocity were measured using a light sensitive video camera with varying the fence porosity ${\varepsilon}$. As a result, various types of particle motion were observed according to the fence porosity. The porous wind fence having porosity ${\varepsilon}=30%$ was revealed to have the maximum threshold velocity, indicating good shelter effect for abating windblown dust particles.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2000년도 사면안정 학술발표회
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• pp.139-151
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• 2000

Rockfall protection fence is one of the most common rockfall protection measures in Korea. The fences have been constructed in almost every hazardous cutslopes along national highway in Korea. However, the capability and performance of the fence as rockfall protection system are seldom known since no field test which can provide information on the response and the behavior of fence was carried out. This is the first full scaled rockfall test in Korea. The objectives of the test are to provide the information on the behavior and the capability of fence and to propose the design specifications for the fence. In this test, four different systems have been selected and tested. For each test, the rockfall impact energy was analyzed and the response and behavior of the system were investigated.