• 대한인간공학회지
• /
• 제20권3호
• /
• pp.27-35
• /
• 2001

The measurement of the fermoral anteversion is an important factor in the practice of orthopedic surgery. The anteversion is measured by means of the axis of head and neck of the femur. In this study. widely used computed tomography method of measuring anteversion was tested on femoral necks of patients. Measurement by the manual method and image viewer of computed tomography to determine the anteversion of femoral head were carried out on both femurs. In January and February 2001, 30 patients 3 to 6 years of age were randomly selected from Seoul National University Hospital. the purpose of this paper was to introduce a new method to measure femoral anteversion angle utilizing image viewer program. This new method was more accurate and convenient than the conventional manual method. No significant difference was observed between the manual method and the image viewer measurement of femoral anteversion. In conclusion, image viewer program was statistically more reliable in determining the angle of the fermoral anteversion.

• 대한정형외과학회지
• /
• 제54권3호
• /
• pp.261-268
• /
• 2019

목적: 정상 한국 성인의 컴퓨터 단층촬영 영상으로 비구 전경사, 대퇴 경부 전경사 및 합산 전경사의 값을 구한 뒤 정상 범위와 남녀간의 차이, 좌우측의 차이 및 대퇴 경부 전경사와 비구 전경사와의 상관관계를 분석하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 한국 정상 성인 중 21세에서 49세 범위 내의 남자 118명과 여자 114명의 컴퓨터 단층촬영 영상을 이용하여 좌우측의 비구 전경사, 대퇴 경부 전경사를 측정하고, 합산 전경사를 계산하여 각 측정값의 평균과 표준편차를 구하고 남녀 간의 차이, 좌우측의 차이가 있는지와 비구 전경사와 대퇴 경부 전경사 간의 상관관계를 통계적으로 분석하였다. 결과: 비구의 전경사는 남자에서 우측 15.3±6.1도, 좌측 15.3±6.6도, 대퇴 경부 전경사는 Hernandez 등의 방법으로 측정한 경우 우측 5.3±7.6도, 좌측 1.5±9.2도였으며 여자에서 비구 전경사는 우측 16.8±5.4도, 좌측 16.3±5.8도, 대퇴 경부 전경사는 Hernandez 등의 방법으로 측정한 경우 우측 10.3±8.2도, 좌측 7.9±8.2도였다. 남녀 간의 차이분석 시 좌우측 모두 비구 전경사는 통계적으로 차이가 없었으며 대퇴 경부 전경사는 좌우측 모두 통계적으로 의미있는 차이가 있었다. 좌측과 우측을 비교하였을 때 비구 전경사는 차이가 없었으며 대퇴 경부 전경사는 Hernandez 등의 측정법이나 Weiner 등의 측정법 모두 좌우측 간에 통계적으로 차이가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 대퇴 경부 전경사와 비구 전경사 간의 상관관계를 보기 위하여 피어슨 상관계수를 구하였으며 그 결과 상관관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 결론: 남녀 간의 비구 전경사는 통계적인 차이가 없었고 대퇴 경부 전경사는 차이가 있었다. 개인별로는 좌우측 간에 대퇴 경부 전경사가 의미 있는 차이가 있었고 비구 전경사는 차이가 없었다. 대퇴 경부 전경사와 비구 전경사 간에는 상관관계가 없었다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.55-60
• /
• 2012

The trochanteric prominence angle test (TPAT) has been used to measure the femoral anteversion angle between the tibial crest and the vertical line. However, the exact anatomical reference of the tibial crest has not yet been identified in the literature. Thus, the purposes of this research were twofold: first, to compare the femoral anteversion angle measured at three different anatomical references of the tibial crest (the proximal tibial crest, the proximal third of tibial crest, and the proximal half of tibial crest) and, second, to determine inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of the femoral anteversion angle measured at these three different anatomical references of the tibial crest during the TPAT. We recruited 14 healthy subjects, and a total of 28 legs were examined. The TPAT was measured using a digital inclinometer. A 1-way repeated-measure analysis of variance was used to compare the femoral anteversion angle measured at three different anatomical references of the tibial crest, and intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) were calculated to determine reliability. The femoral anteversion angle measured at the proximal tibial crest was significantly higher than that at the proximal third of the tibial crest and the proximal half of the tibial crest. The inter-and intra-rater reliabilities of femoral anteversion angle were measured at three anatomic references of the tibial crest were all found to be high during the TPAT (ICC=.9 0~.98). In conclusion, clinicians should recognize that the different degrees of the femoral anteversion angle could be measured when different anatomical references of the tibial crest were used, and that reliabilities were high when an exact anatomical reference of the tibial crest was used during the TPAT.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제13권4호
• /
• pp.1-9
• /
• 2006

The purpose of this research was to analyze the effects of the increase of the femoral anteversion angle on the unbalanced quadriceps femoris muscle causing the increase of the valgus force on the knee joints and patellofemoral pain syndrome by comparing with the group that shows the smaller femoral anteversion angle. The method for the research was to compare the femoral muscle's activity while the subjects were maintaining the knee joint flexed isometrically for 10 seconds. The evaluation tool for femoral muscle's activity was QEMG-4 (model LXM 3204). The results were as followings. Firstly, in case of the experimental group, the muscle strength of the vastus lateralis muscle was strong while the rectus femoris and vastus medialis were weak. In these facts, we can see the statistically meaningful difference in vastus medialis muscle activity. Secondly, in the muscle activity analysis for vastus lateralis and medialis of the two groups, we could see the vastus lateralis muscle was strong in anteversion wider for experimental group while the vastus medialis muscle contracted far more stronger in anteversion smaller for control group. From these results, we can see the significant differences in muscle recruitment between the two groups. Above results show that if the anteversion becomes wider, vastus medialis muscle will become seriously weaker, on the other hand, vastus lateralis act stronger.

• 대한의용생체공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한의용생체공학회 1997년도 춘계학술대회
• /
• pp.141-144
• /
• 1997

Femoral neck anteversion is the angle between the neck and the knee axis projected on a plane perpendicular to the longitudinal axis. Conventional methods that use cross-sectional Computed Tomography(CT) images to estimate femoral anteversion have several problems because of the complex 3D structure of the femur. These are the ambiguity of defining the longitudinal axis, the femoral neck axis and condylar line, and the dependence on patient positioning. Especially the femoral neck axis that is known as a major source of error is hard to determine from a single or multiple 2D transverse images. So we developed a new method for measuring femoral anteversion by 3D modeling method. In this method, femoral head is modeled as a sphere. The center of femoral neck is the mid-point of the 2D reconstructed oblique image in the femoral neck part. Then neck axis is a line connecting foregoing two centers. We model the longitude of femur as a cylinder, and the long axis is defined from the fitted cylinder. The knee axis which is tangent to the back of the femoral condyles is easily determined by table-top method. By the definition of femoral anteversion, the femoral anteversion is easily calculated from this model.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제19권4호
• /
• pp.341-350
• /
• 1998

대퇴 전염각의 정확한 측정은 뼈를 절개하여 각을 조절하는 시술(derotation osteotomy)에 있어서 매우 중요하다 대퇴 전염각을 정확히 측정하기 위해서는 대퇴골 장축과 목축, 관절구축의 정확한 선정이 필수적이다. 기존의 2차원 영상에 의한 대퇴 전염각의 측정 방법은 간단하지만 3차원 공간상에서 축들을 결정하기 모호한 단점을 가지고 있고, 3차원 영상을 이용하는 방법은 뼈를 밖에서 직접 측정하는 것과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있어 2차원 방법보다는 정확한 측정이 가능하나 처리과정이 복잡하고 정량적이고 객관화된 결과를 얻는 것이 어려운 문제점을 가지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 대퇴골을 3차원으로 모델링하여 정량적이고 객관적인 대퇴 전염각의 측정법을 제시한다. 이것은 먼저 촬영된 슬라이스 영상들을 3차원상에서 재구성한 뒤, 대퇴골두와 목 모델로부터 대퇴골 목축을 정하고, 대퇴 관절구 모델로부터 대퇴 관절구축을 결정한다. 또한, 대퇴골 주축을 원통으로 모델링하여 장축을 결정한다. 대퇴 전염각은 대퇴관절구의 접평면에 대한 대퇴골축의 기울어진 정도로 정의되며, 이 정의를 이용하여 대퇴 전염각을 구한다. 결과에서 20명 CT영상으로부터 대퇴골 샘플을 측정하여 기존의 2차원 및 3차원 영상법의 결과와 비교하여 제시한 방법이 객관적이고 정확한 측정방법임을 검증한다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.111-119
• /
• 2005

The purpose of this study was to compare the differences of hip and thigh muscle activities between subjects with increased and decreased femoral anteversion during stair ascent. Twelve healthy female volunteers participated in this study. The subjects were divided into two groups (group 1 with increased anteversion of the hip, group 2 with decreased anteversion of the hip). This study analyzed differences in each mean peak gluteus maximus (GM), gluteus medius (GD) and tensor fascia lata (TLF) EMG amplitude: composite mean peak hip muscles (GM, GD, TFL) EMG amplitude ratios and in each mean peak vastus medialis oblique (VMO), vastus lateralis (VL), biceps femoris (HM) and semitendinosus (HL) EMG amplitude: composite thigh muscles (VMO, VL, HM, HL) EMG amplitude ratios among subjects with decreased or increased relative femoral anteversion. EMG ratios were compared in the stance and swing phase of stair ascent. Group 1 showed an increased standardized mean GM and GD EMG amplitude and decreased standardized mean TFL to composite mean hip muscles EMG amplitude ratios in stair ascent during both stance and swing phase. Also, group 1 showed an increased standardized mean HL EMG amplitude and decreased standardized mean VL and HM to composite mean thigh muscles EMG amplitude ratios in stair ascent during both stance and swing phases. There was no statistically significant difference in vastus medialis oblique between subjects with increased or decreased relative femoral anteversion. In order to provide rehabilitation professionals with a clearer picture of the specific requirements of the stair climbing task, further research must be expanded to include a wider range of age groups that represent the general public, such as including middle-aged healthy persons.

• 대한방사선기술학회지:방사선기술과학
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 2003

대퇴골 전염각의 정확한 측정은 정형외과 분야에서 중요한 의미를 가지며, 원위 대퇴골의 양과부를 횡단하는 면에 대하여 대퇴골 경부의 장축이 전방으로 기울어진 축면상의 각도이다. 대퇴골부와 슬개골부를 전산화단층촬영한 영상을 측정하고 있는 기존의 CT 영상의 대퇴골 측정법을 대신하여 다양한 Pulse sequence를 이용한 자기공명영상으로 PACS Image viewer에서 성인 남자 $28{\sim}36$세를 대상으로 대퇴골 전염각을 측정하였다. 오른쪽 대퇴골 전염각의 T2강조영상은 $18.5{\sim}45.4^{\circ}$, T1강조영상 $18.9{\sim}25.6^{\circ}$, 경사에코 $18.7{\sim}26.0^{\circ}$, 지방억제기법 $21.3{\sim}24.9^{\circ}$, 왼쪽 대퇴골 전염각의 T2강조영상은 $19.2{\sim}24.3^{\circ}$, T1강조영상 $18.8{\sim}24.5^{\circ}$, 경사에코 $20.1{\sim}25.6^{\circ}$, 지방억제기법 $20.0{\sim}25.3^{\circ}$로 측정되었고, 오른쪽과 왼쪽 대퇴골 전염각의 이원배치 분산분석에서 모두 유의한 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 수 작업 방법의 대퇴골 전염각 측정에 비해 Image Viewer 프로그램에서는 마우스를 이용한 측정으로 편리하였고, MR 영상은 CT 영상에 비해 다양한 Pulse sequence를 선택적으로 적절한 촬영기법을 사용하여 대퇴골 전염각 측정에 유용하였다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제33권6호
• /
• pp.340-345
• /
• 2016

The present study determined the normal reference ranges for the femoral and tibial joint orientation angles of small-breed dogs. For this purpose, 60 each of cadaveric canine femurs and tibias from normal small-breed dogs (Maltese, Poodle, Shih Tzu, Yorkshire Terrier) were examined with radiographs and photographs. Axial and frontal radiographs and photographs of each bone were obtained, from which anteversion and inclination angles, anatomic lateral proximal and distal femoral angles (aLPFA and aLDFA), mechanical lateral proximal and distal femoral angles (mLPFA and mLDFA), and mechanical medial proximal and distal tibial angles (mMPTA and mMDTA) were measured. The 95% CI for radiographic values of all femurs and tibiae were anteversion angle, $23.4-27.4^{\circ}$; inclination angle, $128.4-130.4^{\circ}$; aLPFA, $117.8-122.1^{\circ}$; aLDFA, $93.7-95.2^{\circ}$; mLPFA $113.8-117.3^{\circ}$; mLDFA $99.2-100.5^{\circ}$; mMPTA $96.8-98.5^{\circ}$; mMDTA $89.4-90.7^{\circ}$. The Maltese had a larger anteversion angle than the Poodle and the Yorkshire Terrier and a larger mLPFA than the Poodle. In the comparison between the radiographs and the photographs, significant differences were found in the anteversion angle, mLPFA, mMPTA, and mMDTA. The established normal reference values might be useful for determining whether a valgus or varus deformity of the femur or the tibia is present and if so, the degree of angular correction needed.

• 한국임상수의학회지
• /
• 제37권4호
• /
• pp.180-184
• /
• 2020

The purpose of this study was to report the reliability and validity of oblique single-cut rotation osteotomy (OSCRO) in 3D-reconstructed canine bone models with femoral varus and torsional deformities. A healthy adult male beagle was recruited to create a 3D bone model, and this bone model was modified by using a 3D program. Fifteen bone models were constructed for this study. OSCRO simulation was performed in accordance with the plan after printing using a 3D printing machine. The anatomical lateral distal femoral angle (aLDFA), anteversion angle (AA), anatomical caudo-distal femoral angle (aCdDFA), mechanical caudo-distal femoral angle (mCdDFA) and pre- and postoperative bone length were calculated. There were no significant differences between the target values and postoperative values. In addition, the difference between pre- and postoperative bone length was small (p = 0.001). Our findings suggest that OSCRO could be an effective surgical option for MPL with bone deformities in small-breed dogs that often undergo conventional distal femoral osteotomy.